Minoxidil (Kopdil) is the only FDA approved and clinically proven drug for treating hair loss & facilitate new hair growth.

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MINOXIDIL - Translation from Hypertension ingredient
to Hair Growth Stimulant
Minoxidil is an additional popular ingredient for well-
known products in the hair loss prevention and hair
regrowth industry. This was an interesting find
because the original use for Minoxidil was for
treatment of high blood pressure.
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Molecular formula

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History:
Minoxidil was originally developed in the early 1970’s as a treatment for hypertension. Its use for
treating thinning hair was originally discovered when it was noted to cause increased hair growth as a
side effect of this treatment. Since 1998, Topical Minoxidil is the most widely recommended treatment
for androgenetic alopecia.
Minoxidil works to relieve hypertension by acting as a vasodilator. This means that it opens and relaxes
blood vessels enough to reduce the force with which blood is pumped through them. This same
vasodilatory property is responsible for the effectiveness of Minoxidil in stimulating hair re-growth. It
causes vasodilation of the blood vessel by releasing nitric oxide which is known to widen the diameter
of the vessels.
As an antihypertensive, Minoxidil (sold as Loniten) is not the first-line drug in the management of high
blood pressure. Because of its systemic side effects, when it was formulated for hair loss
treatment, Minoxidil was presented in topical preparations to be applied directly to the hair.
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Minoxidil and Hair Growth
Before Minoxidil was available as a topical hair loss solution, it caused the fortunate side-effect of new hair growth in
those taking Loniten for hypertension. Minoxidil also caused the darkening of fine hair all over the body. These effects
are, however, not long-lasting.
To stimulate hair growth, topical Minoxidil preparations are mostly effective in people under 40 years and who have
just recently started losing hair. Furthermore, Minoxidil is more effective when used on small areas rather than large
areas of hair loss. 2% solution of the medication is found to be effective in reversing hair loss in 30% of male patients.
Female patients, however, have much success with this concentration.
5% Minoxidil preparations produce a higher success rate, and is currently the preferred formulation for men. Apart
from stimulating new hair growth, Minoxidil thickens existing hair shafts making even sparse hair look thicker.
While the exact mechanism of Minoxidil role in hair loss reversal is not completely clear, two possible pathways have
been proposed for its activity on the hair.
First, Minoxidil releases nitric oxide which is a known vasodilator in the body. This effect is further helped by the drug’s
action on the potassium channels of the cell.
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Facts:
There are a few basic things to know about this blood pressure medication turned hair growth stimulant.
•The reason for the ability to cause or stimulate hair growth in users is actually unknown.
•Minoxidil contains moiety, which is a nitric oxide.
•Minoxidil is designed for topical use for treatment of baldness or hair loss.
•For men the products that contain Minoxidil generally use five percent, while women's products use less at
around two percent.
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Minoxidil Formulations
Minoxidil is available both in 2% and 5%
topical solutions. While the 2% solution
stops hair loss and encourage hair
regrowth in 30% of men using it, the 5%
solution has a success rate of 65%. The
2% solution is prepared with alcohol
while the 5% solution uses propylene
glycol as solvent. Therefore, some may
find out that the higher concentration
makes their hair sticky and irritates the
scalp.
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The scalp has at an average 100,000 hairs. A healthy
scalp sheds hair continuously and new hair replaces
them. Hair growth follows a series of cycle. Each
cycle includes a growth phase (anagen), a
transitional phase (catagen), and a resting phase
(telogen).
Therefore, Minoxidil causes the blood vessels to dilate and
transport a greater volume of oxygen and nutrient-rich blood to
hair cells. On the other hand, it opens the potassium channels in
cell membranes.
For hair follicle cells this means that they are perfused with more
blood rich in oxygen and nutrients, and these nutrients can easily
flow into the cells. The combination of the two effects increases
hair follicle cell metabolism which leads to an increase in the
production of new hair.
Secondly, Minoxidil directly stimulates the hair follicle growth
through a pathway involving prostaglandins. It also produces an
increase in the number of dermal papilla cells.
These two pathways combine to shorten the telogen phase and
prolong the anagen phase of the hair growth cycle. The net effects
are increased hair growth and thicker hair strands.

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Many Forms of Minoxidil
Loniten - An oral antihypertensive drug with a side effect of stimulating hair loss. Loniten
is not recommended for long-term hair loss treatment
2% Topical Solution - The first liquid Minoxidil formulation introduced as Rogaine. No
longer recommended for men but still used by women to reverse hair loss
5% Topical Solution - A newer formulation of Minoxidil recommended for men. It has
twice the success rate of the 2% solution
5% Aerosol Foam - Newest formulation of Minoxidil introduced for men who develop
contact dermatitis to Minoxidil liquid preparation. Has a success rate of 85% in men.
Higher than 5% Formulations - Do not provide significantly more hair re-growth
compared to the 5% formulations but produce more side effects of Minoxidil.
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Before Use
After Use
Recommended dosage
The usual topical dosage of Minoxidil is 1ML and has to be
used twice a day.
Generally Minoxidil 5% is used in the treatment of Male
Androgenetic alopecia and Minoxidil 2% is used in the
treatment of Female Androgenetic alopecia.
Applications
-Hair Tonic -Hair Ampoules
-Hair Lotion -Hair Cream
-Hair styling gel -Hair shampoo & conditioner
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Efficacy :
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+54%
Minoxidil visibly increases the hair density by 54% in
comparison with placebo.
+66%
Minoxidil stimulates hair growth with higher activity
than the control. There is significant increase in hair
growth in Month 5 by 66% compared to baseline.
Significant increase in Anangen / Telogen ratio
indicates reduction in hair loss and stimulating hair
growth property.

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Features Benefits
Resets follicle "biological clock" to
anagen growth phase
Converts telogen follicles to
anagen phase
Extends duration of anagen
growth phase
Significantly increases A/T
Reverses the hair loss process and
helps hair re-growth
Increases matrix cell proliferation Works on Front of the Scalp and
the Crown
No miniaturization of hair follicles Protects and nourishes hair during
natural seasonal hair shedding
Induces cell growth factors such as
VEGF,HGF,IGF-1
Optimizes hair growth cycle
Inhibits negative factor Stable and easy to implement in
the formulations.
Known for its efficacy Safe and Effective for Both Men
and Women
Conclusion : Minoxidil (Kopdil) is the only FDA approved and clinically proven
drug for treating hair loss & facilitate new hair growth. It is widely used in OTC
formulations across the globe for both men & women.

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