1. Internet

2. The INTERNET is a network of
computers, which links many different
types of computers all over the world.
 ARPANET was the first WAN and
had only four sites in 1969.
 In 1989, the U.S. government lifted
restrictions on the use of INTERNET,
and allow its usage for commercial
purposes as well.

3. Vinton Gray "Vint" Cerf –
Father of the Internet

4. What is the Internet?
• A network of networks, joining many
government, university and private computers
together and providing an infrastructure for the
use of E-mail, bulletin boards, file archives,
hypertext documents, databases and other
computational resources
• The vast collection of computer networks which
form and act as a single huge network for
transport of data and messages across distances
which can be anywhere from the same office to
anywhere in the world.

5. • The largest network of networks in the world.
• Uses TCP/IP protocols and packet switching.
• Runs on any communications substrate.
• A worldwide system of interconnected
networks and computers

6. • It’s a worldwide network of computers
that allows the "sharing" or
"networking" of information at remote
sites from other academic institutions,
research institutes, private companies,
government agencies, and individuals.
• It allows people to send and receive
data wherever they are in the world if
they have internet access
• Everyone will find that they use the
internet in one way or another,
whether it is to research some
information or simply talk to friends
• Today, the Web and the Internet allow
connectivity from literally everywhere

7. Evolution of the Internet

8. • Was the world's first
operational network, and the
predecessor of the global
Internet

9. ARPANET was developed
by the U.S. Department of
Defense. One theory was
that it was developed to
survive a nuclear attack.
That theory is often
disputed by scientists

10. • The original Internet provided
screens full of text
• Great for sharing info and
accessing the Library of
Congress
• Text was all one font and size
• BORING!

11. GUIs
(Graphical User Interface)
• GUIs added some color and layout,
but still were not very interesting.

12. The World Wide Web Saved the
Internet!
• Hyperlinks were invented
www.stmsaints.com
• The mouse was invented to click
on hyperlinks
• The URL (Uniform Resource
Locater) was invented. This
allowed sites to be named.

13. Creation of the World Wide Web
• Tim Berners Lee brought all
of this together to form the
World Wide Web in 1990.

14. Mosaic: The First Web
Browser
• Very slow
• Did not handle loading pictures
very well
• Modems were very slow
• Did not give an indication of the
potential of this medium

15. 1994 – A Big Year for the WWW
• Tim Berners Lee in
develops the World Wide
Web Consortium to
develop standards for the
Web
• Netscape is founded

16. 1994 -- 2000
• The Internet exploded during this
period.
• The first commercial site was
Amazon.com.
• In 1994 the World Wide Web grew by
an astounding 2300 percent!
• Amazon saw that online shopping
was the wave of the future.
• The rest is history…

17. Browser Wars
• Netscape was the standard until
1998
• It folded and was taken over by AOL
• Microsoft Internet Explorer snagged
96% of the browser market
• IE has only recently been
challenged by the excellent Mozilla
browser

18. Basic Services Of The INTERNET
Electronic Mail (E-Mail) –
Allow user to send a mail (message ) to another
internet user in any part of the world in a near-
real-time manner .
 File Transfer Protocol (FTP) –
Allow user to move a file from one computer to
another on the internet.
 Telnet –
Allow a user to log into another computer
somewhere on the internet .

19. Electronic Mail
It is faster than Paper Mail .
Unlike telephone, The persons
communicating with each other
need not to be available at the same
time.
Unlike Fax documents , Email
documents can be stored in a
computer and be easily edited using
editing programs.

20. File Transfer Protocol
 Moving a file from a remote computer to ones
own computer is known as Downloading.
 Moving a file from ones own computer to a
remote computer is known as Uploading.
 Anonymous FTP site in a computer allows
a user to log in with the username of
anonymous and password that is user’s E-mail
Address.
 Anonymous FTP sites are called publically
accessible sites because they can be accessed
by any user on internet.

21. TELNET :
Some common uses of telnet service are -:
Using the computing power of the remote
computer.
Using a software on the remote computer.
Accessing remote computers data base or
achieve.
Logging into ones own computer from another
computer.

22. WWW Browsers
Browser provide following navigation facilities –
 Do not require a user to login to a server
computer.
 Enable a user to visit a server computer’s site
directly and access information on it by specifying
its URL (Uniform Resource Locator).
 Enable user to create and maintain a personal
hotlist of favorite URL.
 Maintain a history of server computers visited by
user in a surfing session.
 Enable a user to download information in
various formats.

23. Web Browsers / Internet
Browsers
A Web Browser is a type of
software that retrieves and
presents information resources
on the internet. The information
resource can be text, image,
sound, video, or other type of
content.

24. These are some examples
of web browsers, each with
their own plus and minuses:
- Microsoft Internet Explorer
- Firefox
- Opera
- Safari
- Google Chrome

25. INTERNET SEARCH ENGINES
 Internet search engine
is an application, which
helps users to locate Web
sites containing useful
information and
references.

26. Search Engines
It is designed to search for
information on the internet.
Search engine presents the
search results in the form of a
search results list. The search
results can be web pages,
images, videos, and other type
of files.

27. Major Elements of Internet Search Engines
 Search Request Interface
enables users to provide description
of desired information to the search
engine
search engine may allow
specifications of simple keywords and
phrases, combination of keywords
and phrases using Boolean operators
and exclusion/inclusion operators, and
title and URL limiters

28. Some Popular Internet Search
Engines

29. Uses of INTERNET
Some important current strategic of the INTERNET are :
 On-line communication
 Software sharing
 Exchange of views on topics of common interest
 Posting of information of general interest
 Organization promotion
 Product promotion and feedback about products
 Customer support service
 On-line journals, magazines, Encyclopedia, and dictionary
 On-line shopping
 World-wide conferencing

30. Types of Internet Connections
There are several types of internet
connections.
- Analog/Dial-Up
- ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)
- DSL
- Cable
- Wireless Internet Connections/Wireless
Broadband
- Satellite (Internet over Satellite/IoS)

31. Advantages of the Internet;
1. Faster Communication
The foremost target of Internet has always been
speedy communication and it has excelled way
beyond the expectations. Newer innovations are only
going to make it faster and more reliable..
2. Information Resources
 Information is probably the biggest advantage that
Internet offers. Internet is a virtual treasure trove
of information. Any kind of information on any
topic under the sun is available on the Internet.

32. Advantages of the Internet;
3. Entertainment
Entertainment is another popular reason why many
people prefer to surf the Internet. Downloading games
or just surfing the celebrity websites are some of the
uses people have discovered.
4. Social Networking
Social networking has become so popular amongst
youth that it might one day replace physical
networking. Apart from finding long-lost friends, you
can also look for job, business opportunities on forums,
communities etc.

33. Advantages of the Internet;
5. Online Services
The Internet has made life very convenient. With
numerous online services you can now perform all your
transactions online. You can book tickets for a movie,
transfer funds, pay utility bills, taxes etc., right from your
home.
6. e-commerce
The concept of e-commerce is used for any type of
commercial maneuvering or business deals that involves
the transfer of information across the globe via the
Internet. It has become a phenomenon associated with
any kind of shopping, business deal etc.

34. Disadvantages of the Internet;
1. Theft of Personal Information
If you use the Internet for online banking, social networking or
other services, you may risk a theft to your personal information
such as name, address, credit card number etc.
2. Spamming
Spamming refers to sending unwanted e-mails in bulk, which
provide no purpose and needlessly obstruct the entire system.
Such illegal activities can be very frustrating for you as it makes
your Internet slower and less reliable.

35. 3. Virus Threat
Internet users are often plagued by virus attacks on their
systems. Virus programs are inconspicuous and may get
activated if you click a seemingly harmless link.
Computers connected to the Internet are very prone to
targeted virus attacks and may end up crashing.

36. Pornography
Pornography is perhaps the biggest disadvantage of the
Internet. Internet allows you to access and download
millions of pornographic photos, videos and other X-
rated stuff. Such unrestricted access to porn can be
detrimental for children and teenagers.
5. Social Disconnect
Thanks to the Internet, people now only meet on social
networks. More and more people are getting engulfed
in virtual world and drifting apart from their friends
and family. Even children prefer to play online games
rather than going out and mingling with other kids.
This may hamper a healthy social development in
children.

37. An Internet service provider (ISP)
is an organization that provides access
to the Internet.
There are international Service
Providers:
• National service providers,
• Regional service providers,
• Local service providers.

38. 1.National internet Service Providers
 The national Internet service
providers are backbone networks
created and maintained by specialized
companies
To provide connectivity between the end
users, these backbone networks are
connected by complex switching stations
called network access points (NAPs).

39. 2.Regional Internet Service
Providers
 Regional ISPs are smaller
ISPs that are connected to one
or more national ISPs. They
are at the third level of the
hierarchy with a small data
rate.

40. Local Internet Service providers
 it provide direct service to the
end users. The local ISPs can be
connected to regional IPSs or
directly to national ISPs. Each of
local ISPs can be connected to a
regional or national service
providers.