These topics exposes you to the Digital world of Architecture right now. Architecture has grown from mere sketches drawn with paper and pencils to 3D models which can be printed or visualized graphically at all angles in the most appealing way possible. Find out more as you go through the slides. Cheers!

1. 3D PRINTING, ARCHITECTURALVISUALIZATION
AND THE FUTUREOF ARCHITECTURAL
VISUALIZATIONS
BY KELECHI UCHAMMA
OGBUAGU (K.O)
FOR HOUSMITHS Ltd.

2. 3D PRINTING
FOR HOUSMITHS Ltd.

3. Contoso Ltd.
3
3D PRINTING IS A PART OF A
PROCESS KNOWN AS
ADDITIVE MANUFACTUING
WHERE SOLID OBJECTS ARE
CREATED BY ADDING A
MATERIAL LAYER BY LAYER

4. Contoso Ltd.
4

6. METHODS OF 3D
PRINTING

7. Selective Laser
Sintering
It is an additive manufacturing technique
that uses a high power laser( for eg. CO2
laser) to fuse small particles of plastic,
metal, ceramic or glass powders into a mass
that has a desired 3D shape.

8. Stereolithography
It is an additive
manufacturing process
that works by focusing an
ultraviolet (UV) laser on to
a vat of photopolymer
resin.
Add a footer
8

9. Fused Deposition
Modeling (FDM)
It build parts layer-by-layer
from the bottom up by
heating and extruding
thermoplastic filament.
Used for Architecure
modelling, prototyping and
production applications.
MATERIALS FOR FDM
- ABS plastic
- Investment-Casting Wax
- Elastomer
- Polycarbonate
- Polyphenylsulfone

12. Contoso Ltd.
APPLICATIONS OF 3D PRINTING 12

13. Concept Modeling
Test form, fit,
functionality, proof
of concept and
design
PARTITION FRAME BY AIRBUS

14. Functional
Prototyping:
It helps in creating amazingly
realistic prototypes with the
look and feel of a real product.
Example: Lamborghini, while
developing its new flagship
model Aventador has made
extensive use of 3D printing
technology to build a
functional prototype of the
car.

15. Manufacturing
Tools
End-User Parts
Quick, low-volume tooling and
custom fixtures give
manufacturers the flexibility to
embrace more opportunities.

16. In Food Industry
for Treats

17. Medicine
In medicine it is used for printing
small body parts like ears, nose
using a patient’s cells. It is also
used for transplants and for the
manufacture of some medical
equipments

18. In Architecture
A Sweedish company, Apis Cor
printed the Worlds’s actually
printed house of 38 square
meters with just $10,000.
The material was Horizontal
fibre glass for the walls.

19. THE WORLD’S FIRST EVER 3D
PRINTED FOOTBRIDGE
RECENTLY OPENED IN
MADRID, SPAIN. THE
ARCHITECTS USED MICRO-
REINFORCED CONCRETE AS
THE MATERIAL TO PRINT THE
STRUCTURE. MEASURING JUST
12M IN LENGTH BY 1.75M
WIDE, THIS IMPRESSIVE LITTLE
FOOTBRIDGE SPANS ACROSS
A SMALL STREAM IN
CASTILLA-LA MANCHA PARK.

20. A massive 3D printer measuring 490 feet long, 33 feet
wide, and 20 feet deep was used to 3D print each of the
structural components from the giant concrete slabs to
the inner cross bracing.
As a result, 10 houses were printed in less than 24 hours
with the total amount of $5,000 each.
Materials used were; concrete
partly made from recycled
construction waste, industrial
waste, and glass fibers. Each
house is approximately 2,100
square feet.

21. ADVANTAGES OF
3D PRINTING
SPEED
SINGLE STEP MANUFACTURE
LOW COST OF PRODUCTION
ABILITY TO CUSTOMIZE PRODUCTS
SUSTAINABILITY
COMPLEXITY AND DESIGN FREEDOM
RAPID PRODUCTION OF
PROTOTYPES

22. DISADVANTAGES
OF 3D PRINTING
HIGH COST OF 3D PRINTERS
LIMITED MATERIALS
HARMFUL EMISSIONS
3D PRINTERS ARE SLOW
COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENTS
MANUFACTURING JOB LOSSES
3D PRINTERS AREN’T THAT USER-
FRIENDLY
PRODUCTION OF DANGEROUS WEAPONRY

23. ARCHITECTURAL VISUALIZATION

24. Architectural visualization,
or Arch Viz, is the graphical
representation of an
architectural model or a
part of an architectural
view of a model. It
encompasses everything
from basic sketches to
more sophisticated 3D
renderings and interactive
virtual tours.
Like photography, 3D
visualization is also an art
that requires both artistic
and technical skill.

25. IT CAN BE 2D
OR 3D

26. IT ALSO INCLUDES
SKETCHES AND
ANIMATIONS

27. PROS
No Repetition
Parametric Components
Landscape Design
Energy Efficient Design
No Paper Documentation
CONS
The Huge Library
Difficult Perspective Editing
The Heavy Focus on
Structural Design

28. AutoDesk 3DSMax
 3D Max has great conceptual modeling tools ,
large-scale environment creation
 3D max software has strong rendering capabilities ,
improved interoperability with industry-standard
products as well as the additional time-saving
animation and mapping workflow tools
 It can add animated people with Populate and lots
of small fixes .
 It isn’t cross-platform.
 It can leak incompleteness.
 UV Mapping is more difficult to achieve ( It requires
a separate Modifier )
PROS
CONS

29. BENEFITS OF ARCHITECTURAL
VISUALIZATION
Enhances & Improves Visual Communication
Cost Effective
Easily Show Concepts and Options for a Project
Precise and Accurate Renderings
Easy to Distribute
Easily Marketable and Shareable

30. PROBLEMS WITH ARCHITECTURAL
VISUALIZATION
 Because of the versatility and user friendliness of CAD,
anyone who can use it already thinks he is an
engineer.
 A beautifully rendered and realistic exterior shell may
not contain the inner structure and supports essential
to a finished product. Hence, the false sense of
completeness of a project.
 Younger architects and engineers who are often
heavily reliant on digital design may not be fully
grounded in engineering and architectural
methodology. These less-seasoned engineers and
architects go right to solving the problem digitally,
without fully defining and exploring the problem first

31. THE FUTURE OF ARCHITECTURAL
VISUALIZATIONS

32. HOLOGRAPHIC ARCHITECTURAL REPRESENTATION SYSTEM

33. WHAT ARE
HOLOGRAMS?
IT IS AN ADVANCED FORM OF
PHOTOGRAPHY THAT ALLOWS AN
IMAGE TO BE RECORDED IN THREE
DIMENSIONS.
THE TECHNIQUE OF HOLOGRAPHY CAN
ALSO BE USED TO OPTICALLY STORE,
RETRIEVE, AND PROCESS
INFORMATION, MAKING IT A NEW
WAY TO VISUALIZE ARCHITECTURE.
HOLOGRAMS WERE INVENTED BY A
HUNGARIAN-BORN PHYSIST NAMED
DENNIS GABON IN THE EARLY 1950’S.
ELECTRONS WERE USED THEN BEFORE
THE LASERS CAME IN THE 1960’S

34. ADVANTAGES OF HOLOGRAPHIC
PRESENTATION SYSTEM IN ARCHITECTURAL
VISUALIZATION
•Easy to store and travel with.
• They are in Full color, therefore one can see materiality in the
model
•Fast to produce
•Can integrate nicely with your workflow (can be created from
Autodesk software)
•Can use channeling feature: allowing up to four images on one
holographic print
•Physical models and representations can take a lot of time to
produce, however, holograms are produced very rapidly.
• It offers clients a vivid and detailed view of the proposed design.
•For some elaborate models, a hologram is actually the cheaper
option.

35. HOW HOLOGRAMS WORK

36. ARCHITECTURAL
VISUALIZATION THROUGH
HOLOGRAMS
Hololens – a device which enables
a user to interact with holograms

37. VIRTUAL REALITY
Virtual reality is a fully immersive computer simulated
environment that gives a user the feelings of being in
that environment instead of the one they are actually in.

38. Contoso Ltd.
HISTORY OF VIRTUAL REALITY
Morton Heili
■ Attempted to
stimulate the different
senses during the
1950s
■ Used a machine
called Sensorama to
provide a visual treat
■ Included moving
chairs and odor
meters
Douglas Engelbart
■ Gave birth to the VR
notion by connecting
computers to one
screen
■ For the first time, a
screen was used to
visualize information

39. Philco Corporation
■ In 1961, devised project
‘Headsight’
■ Produced visual stimulation
and a tracking system
■ Also used for military
purposes
■ E.g. Pilots could train under
Headsight to simulate flying
in complete darkness

40. Ivan Sutherland
■ In 1965, mimicked the physical world with the use
of his invention – Ultimate Display
■ It would look like the world the person lived in

42. USES OF ARCHITECTURAL VISUALIZATION
IN BUSINESS
PROMOTES TOURISM AS A VIRTUAL
EXPERIENCE
IN ROBOTICS, VIRTUAL REALITY HAS BEEN
USED TO CONTROL ROBOTS
IN TELEPRESENCE AND TELEROBOTIC SYS
TEMS
TRAININGS LIKE; MEDICAL TRAINING,
MILITARY TRAINING, FLIGHT SIMULATORS,
DRIVER TRAINING AND ASTRONOMICAL
CAN BE DONE THROUGH VIRTUAL
REALITY
ARCHITECTURE VISUALIZATIONS

44. VIRTUAL REALITY AND HOLOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATIONS
- THE FUTURE OF ARCHITECTURAL VISUALIZATIONS

45. THANK YOU

46. REFERENCES
3DINSIDER. (2018). The Future of 3D Printing for Architecture. Retrieved from 3DINSIDER: http://3dinsider.com/3d-printing-architecture/
CIVILFX. (2017). Top 10 Benefits of 3D Visualization. Retrieved from CIVILFX: http://www.civilfx.com/benefits-3d-architectural-visualization/
Marolia, B. (2016, March 6). 3D PRINTING. Retrieved from SlideShare: https://www.slideshare.net/maroliabhumika/3d-printing-59271575
Pearson, A. (2018, January 24). 10 Disadvantages of 3D Printing Technology. Retrieved from 3DINSIDER: http://3dinsider.com/3d-printing-
disadvantages/
Redwood, B. (2018). The Advantages of 3D Printing. Retrieved from 3D HUBS: https://www.3dhubs.com/knowledge-base/advantages-3d-printing
SolidFill. (n.d.). Fused Deposition Modeling. Retrieved from SolidFill: http://solidfill.com/en/Fused_Deposition_Modeling/
Srinivasan, V. (2017, April 13). 'The History of Virtual Reality'. Retrieved from SlideShare: https://www.slideshare.net/Extentia_IT/virtual-reality-
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STRATEGY, CREATIVE COMMONS LICENSE. (2018). Architecture Visualization Definition. Retrieved from Dragon 1.
Village Features. (2018). What is Architectural Visualization? Retrieved from Village Features Blog.
Berg, N. (2009, October 6). Architecture Firms Experiment With Holograms. Retrieved from The Journal of the American Institute of Architects:
https://www.architectmagazine.com/practice/architecture-firms-experiment-with-holograms_o
Lehman, M. L. (2018). New Way To Visualize Architecture: The Holograph. Retrieved from Maria Lorena Lehman MLL DESIGN LABA:
https://marialorenalehman.com/post/a-new-way-to-visualize-architecture-the-holograph
Point, C. (2013, October 27). NEW holography TECHNOLOGY ALL PPT. Retrieved from SlideShare: https://www.slideshare.net/vigneshwarvs/new-
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