Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is affected by several genetic, physical, hormonal, environmental, and dietary factors. Genetics and certain disorders can cause faster or slower BMR. Physical activity and exercise increase muscle mass and metabolism. Hormonal imbalances like hypo- and hyperthyroidism impact metabolism. Environmental temperatures force the body to work harder to maintain its temperature, increasing BMR. Caffeine, nicotine, and some medications can increase BMR, while others can cause weight gain. Diet and eating habits significantly influence BMR.