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Reconciling Scientific Rigour with
the Service Imperative
30/08/2016
Society for Clinical Trials Conference
Arlington, VA
May 17th 2015
Professor Richard Lilford
Collaborations for Leadership in
Applied Health Research Care
Hospital
Primary Care
Local Authority
Intervention
Development
Evaluation
£20m £10m
Step Wedge Design
• What?
• Why?
Today’s talk: trialsCluster
What is a Step Wedge Design?
Hemming, Lilford & Girling. Stat Med. 2015; 34(2): 181-96.
Cluster exposed to intervention
Cluster unexposed to intervention (control)
Time
1
2
3
4
5
6
Cluster
Many variations on a theme
What is the Counter-factual?
Two Types of Cluster Study:
Cross-sectional
Cohort
Why Consider a SWD, rather than
Parallel Cluster Trial?
1. Ethics
2. Acceptability
3. Logistics
• Sample size
• Interaction between
intervention effect and time
Co-exist
4. Scientific Reasons
Disadvantages of SWDs?
Always
Analytically
complex
Sometimes
Violation of
sequence
Increase trial
duration
Long gap
between
intervention &
outcome
Spurious
All cluster
studies
Step Wedge Trials vs.
Step Wedge Studies
Time
Cluster
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
But may be “instrumental variable”
Naturalistic SWD
= Instrumental variable approach
The End

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The steppwed wedge cluster randomised trial workshop: Session 1 introduction

  • 1. Reconciling Scientific Rigour with the Service Imperative 30/08/2016 Society for Clinical Trials Conference Arlington, VA May 17th 2015 Professor Richard Lilford
  • 2. Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research Care Hospital Primary Care Local Authority Intervention Development Evaluation £20m £10m
  • 3.
  • 4. Step Wedge Design • What? • Why? Today’s talk: trialsCluster
  • 5. What is a Step Wedge Design? Hemming, Lilford & Girling. Stat Med. 2015; 34(2): 181-96. Cluster exposed to intervention Cluster unexposed to intervention (control) Time 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cluster Many variations on a theme
  • 6. What is the Counter-factual? Two Types of Cluster Study: Cross-sectional Cohort
  • 7. Why Consider a SWD, rather than Parallel Cluster Trial? 1. Ethics 2. Acceptability 3. Logistics • Sample size • Interaction between intervention effect and time Co-exist 4. Scientific Reasons
  • 8. Disadvantages of SWDs? Always Analytically complex Sometimes Violation of sequence Increase trial duration Long gap between intervention & outcome Spurious All cluster studies
  • 9. Step Wedge Trials vs. Step Wedge Studies Time Cluster 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 But may be “instrumental variable” Naturalistic SWD = Instrumental variable approach