A report about Chemical Control

1. Chemical control of pest management
Prepared by:
Ladines Myla
Maloles Carmina
Masicap Jerico
Matoy Khcarla May
Mendoza Cill Bryan

2. Introduction
• Pest control
• Perceived to be detrimental to a person's health, the ecology
or the economy.
• Various methods of pest control
• Non chemical methods
• Chemical methods

3. What is chemical control of pests?
• pest control using the chemical pesticides
• pesticide is a chemical used to prevent, destroy, or
repel pests.
• combat pests and diseases occurring on our crops,
livestock , and our possessions.

4. Classifications of pesticides
A. Sphere of activity
They are classifide according to target organisms
Acaricides - used to control ticks and mites
Eg: Carvacrol , Sanguinarine , Carbophenothion
Aramite, etc.
Insecticides -used to control insects
Eg:Carbofuran, nicotine, endrin
Fungicides -used to control fungal diseases in plants
Eg:Maneb, carboxin, calcium polysulfide

5. • Herbicides-used to control weeds
Eg: MCPA, 2, 4-D, clacyfos
• Nematicides-Chemicals used to control nematodes
Eg:Fenamiphos, Carbosullfan, Benomyl
• Rodenticides-Chemicals used to control rats
Eg: Coumarin, coumafuryl , warfarin

6. B. Mode of action
1. Contact poison
The action of these chemicals follows the action between the contact of
the body of the insect and the insecticides
2. Systemic poison
These chemicals move within the plant tissue and toxicity to sucking
insects feeding on plant sap.
3. Fumigants
Acts by its vapour action.
4. Stomach poison
Enters the pest through the mouth by ingestion and absorption in the
digestive tract.

7. C.Chemical constituents
1. Botanical compounds
Eg:Pyrethroids- produced by the ground flowers of daisy
Chysanthemum cinerariaefolum
2. Synthetic organic compounds
Organochlorines-insecticides containing C,H, and O.
Eg:DDT,Aldrin
Organophosphorus-They are made up of organic molecules containing
phosphorus.
Carbomates-Structurally esters of unstable carbonic acid.

8. 4.Microbial compounds
Commercially produced insecticides from the natural pathogens of
insect .Eg. Bacillus thurengiensis.
5.Growth regulator compounds
Novel compounds which inhibit synthesis in insects.
Eg: Applaud-brown plant hopper control
6.Synthetic pyrethroids
They are synthesized from petroleum based chemicals

9. Types of pesticide formulation
• Dusts
• Granules
• Emulsifiable concentrate (EC)
• Flowable
• Wettable powders
• Poisonous baits

10. Application of pesticides
• There numerous ways,but knapsack sprayer is the most
popular spray equipment

11. Advantages and disadvantages of chemical pest control
Advantages
• Cost effectiveness
• Timeliness and flexibility
• Quality, quantity and price of produce
• Prevention of problems

12. Disadvantages
• Reduction of beneficial species. Non-target organisms,
including predators and parasites of pests
• Drift of sprays and vapour during application can cause severe
damage and residue problems in crops
• Residues in food for humans and feed for livestock
• Ground water contamination by leached chemicals
• Resistance to the pesticide used can develop in target pests
due to overuse and incorrect use of the chemical.
• Poisoning hazards and other health effects

13. Risk Associated With Chemical Pesticide
• Indiscriminate use leads to the Three sad R’s :
Resistance, Resurgence and Residues
• Elimination of Natural enemies of pests
• Upsetting the ecological balance
• Environmental degradation/Pollution
• Enters food chain and lead to Bio-Accumulation
and Bio-Magnification
As a result of The misuse and overuse of pesticides crop losses
have consistently shown an increasing trend (Dhaliwal and Koul,
2010)

14. Conclusion
• Pest control refers to the regulation or management of a
species defined as a pest, usually because it is perceived to be
detrimental to a person's health, the ecology or the economy.
• The chemical pest control has given more benefits to control
pest in an efficient and effective way
• Though they have bought constrains they are one the best
ways to control pest
• Thus a proper usage of chemical pest management will give
more benefits in agriculture

15. Thank you