1. Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
Why does housing
shortage occur?
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2. Reasons for
housing shortage
Rapid population growth
Migration
High birth rates
Competing land use
Limited land supply
Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
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3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XFSAc9cpgjs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgRgjw-kJvU

6. Rapid population growth
Rapid population
growth will lead to an
increased demand
for housing, which
can in turn lead to
housing shortage
Overall world
population
(represented by the
beige bars) is
increasing
The urban population
of the world
(represented by the
blue line) is on the
rise
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7. Migration
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‘Migration
refers to the
movement
of people
from one
area to
another to
take up
residence
for at least a
year.’

8. Migration
Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
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‘Rural-urban migration refers to
the movement of people from
rural areas into cities to live and
work.’

12. Migration
People migrate due to ‘push’ or ‘pull’
factors
Push factors: The undesirable qualities
of the place they wish to leave
Pull factors: The attractive qualities of
the place they would like to move to
The decision to migrate is often due to a
combination of both factors

13. Effects of Migration
People in rural areas often migrate to cities for
job opportunities in search of a better life
Migrants do not always get jobs in cities
There are a limited number of jobs for migrants
Migrants may lack the skills required for jobs
available in the cities
Migrants who cannot obtain a source of income
cannot afford housing
Cities cannot build enough houses for huge
numbers of migrants quickly enough, causing
them to settle in slums

14. High birth rates
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‘Birth rate refers to the number
of live births for every 1,000
people in a year.’

16. High birth rates
High birth rates and declining death rates result
in high rates of natural increase
Natural increase: The difference between birth
rate and death rate in a year
Birth rates in cities may be high
Cities tend to have a large proportion of people in
their 20s and 30s who are likely to start families
The increase in population may thus lead to
housing shortage
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18. Competing land use
Land has many uses – Residential ,
Commercial, Industrial, Recreational
Land dedicated for one use will not be available
for another
Example: If a piece of land is occupied by a
huge industrial park, that plot of land will not be
available for housing development.
Stiff competition for land can result in
insufficient land for housing
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20. Limited land supply
The amount of flat land is limited
Steep slopes are not ideal for housing development
Cost of construction tends to be high
Landslides can cause damage to buildings
Cities with very small land areas may have
insufficient land for housing
There is a limit to how much land can be reclaimed
from the seas
Cities with high population densities need to
house more people in a small area
Large population size vs limited land areas20