Pre independence education ppt

1. PRE-INDEPENDENCE EDUCATION
COMMISSION
MRS.KALPANA SINGH
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEV SANGHA INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES AND EDUCATIONAL
RESEARCH

3. LIST OF COMMITTEES AND COMMISSIONS IN INDIA
BEFORE INDEPENDENCE
Name of commission /
committees
Year Chairman of the committee/
commission
Charter act 1813 Charles grant
Macaulay minute 1834 Sir Thomas James babington
Macaulay
Wood despatch 1854 Charles wood
Hunter commission 1882 Sir William Wilson Hunter
Indian University commission 1902 George lard Curzon
Sadler commission/ calcutta
University commission
1917 Dr.Michael E.Sadler

4. Name of commission /
committees
Year Chairman of the committee/
commission
Hartog committee 1928 Sir Phillip Hartog
Abott Wood committee
1937
A.Abott and S.H.Wood
Zakir Hussain committee 1937 Dr.Zakir Hussain
Sargent commission 1944 Sir John Phillip Sargent

5. CHARTER ACT 1813

6. In 1813, the British Government revised the Charter of East India Company and announced an
Education Policy for Indian which is called, Charter Act 1813. This Act is a milestone in their
educational history of India. Following are the significant clauses of Charter act 1813. East
India company will be responsible for the education of Indian
company will spend one Lac rupees annually on the education of Indians
English will their medium of instruction for Western Sciences.
It was decided in the Charter Act that promotion of Western science and propagation in
India.
The missionary educational institutions will be patronized for the acquisition of the
missionary objectives of education.

9. MACAULAY MINUTES 1834

10. • The major recommendations of Macaulay’s minutes were the following
• English should be the medium of instruction at all the levels of education in
India
• European Literature should be taught at educational institutionsAll regional
or indigenous institutions should be converted into modern English
educational institutions
• Downward Filtration theory should be adopted for Mass Education in India

12. CONTRIBUTIONS

13. WOOD DESPATCH 1854

14. MAJOR RECOMMENDATIONS OF WOOD DESPATCH

15. THE WOOD’S DESPATCH RECOMMENDED FOR THE FIRST TIME, THE CREATION OF DEPARTMENT OF
EDUCATION IN BENGAL, MADRAS, BOMBAY, PUNJAB AND THE NORTH WESTERN PROVINCES.

16. THE DESPATCH RECOMMENDED THE PROMOTION OF MASS
EDUCATION BY ESTABLISHING SCHOOLS, BOTH PUBLIC OF
AND PRIVATE.

18. THE WOOD’S DESPATCH RECOMMENDED THE
ESTABLISHMENT OF THREE UNIVERSITIES IN THE
PRESIDENCY TOWNS OF CALCUTTA, BOMBAY AND MADRAS
ON THE MODEL OF THE LONDON UNIVERSITY.

20. HUNTER COMMISSION 1882

21. • Preference was given to literate candidates for government jobs in the lower
levels, along with expansion of primary schools in backward districts.
• District and municipal boards were entrusted with the management of primary
education under the Local Self Government Act. The funds were separated for
rural and urban areas to avoid funds earmarked for rural schools being
misappropriated by urban schools.
• Secondary schools were to be established by private parties with funds provided
by the government. Model schools fully run by the government were to be
opened in each district to guide such private schools.
• Secondary school curriculum was also revised with academic and vocational
courses diversified into different branches.
• Missionary schools were discouraged and Indian participation in the private
school system was solicited by the raj. Special care was supposed to be taken in
advancing the education of girls and women.

22. INDIAN UNIVERSITY COMMISSION 1902

27. •
The Commission made the following important re- commendations:
•
• (i) The dividing line between the University and Secondary courses should properly
be drawn at the Intermediate examination than at the Matriculation Examination.
• (ii) The Government should, therefore, create a new type of institution called
the intermediate colleges which would provide for instruction in Arts, Science,
Medicine, Engineering and Teaching etc; these colleges were to be run as
independent institutions or to be attached to selected high schools.
• (iii) The admission test for universities should be the passing of the Intermediate
examination.
• (iv) A Board of Secondary and Intermediate Education, consisting of the
representatives of Government, University, High Schools and Intermediate Colleges
be established and entrusted with the administration and control of Secondary
Education.

28. HARTOG COMMITTEE 1928

29. RECOMMENDATIONS

33. ABOT WOOD COMMITTEE

34. ABOT WOOD COMMITTEE

36. WARDHA SCHEME OF EDUCATION / BASIC EDUCATION 1937

38. • Free, universal and compulsory education should be provided for all boys and girls
between the ages of 7—14
• Thiss education should be imparted in the mother-tongue of the child
• Educationation should centre round some basic craft chosen with due regard to the
capacity of children and the needs of the locality. The committee suggested spinning and
weaving, card-board and wood work, leather work, kitchen-gardening, agriculture and
fishery as obviously suitable crafts.
• The selected craft should be both taught and practised so that the children are able to
produce articles which can be used and may be sold to meet part of the expenditure on
the school
• Thiss craft must not be taught mechanically but its social and scientific implications were
to be studied side by side
• sIn this craft-centered education all the subjects to be taught were to be integrally related
to the selected craft or the child’s physical and social environment.

41. • Pre-primary education for children between 3 to 6 years of age.
• Universal, compulsory and free primary or basic education for all children
between the ages 6—11 (junior basic) and 11—14 (senior basic).
• High school education for six years for selected children between the years
11—17.
• Degree course for three years beginning after the higher secondary
examination for selected students
• Technical, commercial, agricultural and art education for full time and part
time students, girls schools are to teach domestic science.
• The liquidation of adult illiteracy and the development of public library
system in about 20 years.
Full provision for the proper training of teachers

42. • Educational provision be made for the physically and mentally handicapped
children.
• The organisation of compulsory physical education.
• Provision be made for social and recreational activities.
• The creation of employment bureaus.
• The creation of department of Education in the centre and in the states.
• The use of mother tongue is to be used as the medium of instruction in all high
schools.

43. Thank you