It is all about understanding culture, society and politics -asubject for Senior High School

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By Zyrthon Azuela
Sabang National High School
Sabang, Calabanga, Camarines Sur,Region V-Bicol, Philippines
09122738106/ 09464172625
Enculturation and
Socialization

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 What is the difference between
socialization and enculturation?
How is enculturation related to
socialization?

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Society is different from culture. There
are many cultures within a society. While
members of society share many of the
same expectations and experiences, the
cultural groups create ones that
differentiate them from others in society.

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Enculturation
● the process by which an individual adopts the
behavior patterns of the culture in which a
person is immersed
Socialization
It is the process through which people learn to
understand the societal norms, expectations and
values as members of society.

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Study the chart that further explains the differences and relationships of socialization and
enculturation.

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Identity formation starts when one learns to
socialize and be aware of the culture,
behaviors, language, morals, and norms of
where he or she belongs in. However, as a
person grows, he or she learns to make his or
her own set of beliefs, values, and morals. This
is how a person develops an identity. This is
what makes a person different from others.
Identity Formation

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Identity
Identity is what makes a person
distinct from others. It is the total
knowledge and understanding of an
individual about who he or she is.

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Types of Identity
1. Personal
● the concept an individual develops about himself or herself
● the sense of oneself as a distinct or unique individual
● may depend on the age and circumstances of a person
Example: Rolen is an African girl. She is the
most quiet student in her class. She believes
that time is gold, so spends her free time
studying her lessons.

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2. Cultural
● the identity of the culture to which a person belongs in
● the feeling or sense of belongingness to a group
● a collective sense of companionship that involves the
same beliefs, interests, and fundamental principles of
living
Example: In the Philippines, the Agta tribe has been
practicing a unique culture for centuries. Old men wear
the bahag, a unique style of clothing. They prefer to stay
in the forest than to stay in lowlands. They mainly look
for natural food sources.

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Discipline
● a way of behaving that expresses a
willingness to obey rules or laws
● behavior that is judged by how well a
person follows a set of rules or orders

12. zKinds of Discipline
Discipline is categorized into different types.
1. Discipline of Nature or Reality
A person meets this kind of control every time he or
she tries to do something. A person learns to do things
on his or her own without the supervision of others.
Example: Ryan rented a bicycle near his town. He
does not know yet how to ride the bike. He fell many
times, but he did not stop trying. He was so motivated
to learn how to ride the bike that he tried to learn on
his own, and eventually, he was able to ride it.

13. z2. Discipline of Culture or Society
What this discipline instills in every culture is
distinct, different, and unique. A person learns
according to what he sees in his society or his
culture.
Example: Mika wears the trendiest dresses
these days. She wears them so she can be “in”
with the latest social trends.

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3. Discipline of Superior Force
This discipline is the opposite of the discipline of nature
or reality. In this training, a person learns through
supervision and guidance.
Example: A single mother raised Patricia. Her mother
always reminded her not to fall in love because of her
personal idea that men are cheaters. Even if Patricia
does not know how it feels to be brokenhearted, she
does not entertain any suitor.

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Development of Personal Identity and
Aspirations
Personal identity develops in many ways, depending
on preferred directions.
● It may be through enculturation and socialization.
● It may also come through observation of a role
model.
● You tend to imitate a successful person that leads
to changes in personality.
● Your personal identity may change and eventually,
you may develop a clear sense of yourself.

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Aspiration is a strong desire and ambition with which
someone is motivated to work hard.
Example: Rico at 20 years old identified himself as a
happy-go-lucky guy. He might discover that, at 35
years old, he is a different person. Perhaps he is
living a good life with his family. He would like his
children to have a comfortable life in the future.

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Explore!
Observe the different political parties in our
country. Can you describe the differences
between the Liberal Party (LP), the United
Oppositions (UNO), and the People’s Reform
Party (PRP) in the context of different cultures?

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Try it!
Ask two persons about their personal identity
development and aspirations. Compare them
with yours.

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What do you think?
Is there a difference between one’s thoughts or
feelings and one’s behavior? When is it
enculturation? When is it socialization?

20. zKeypoints
● Enculturation is the process by which an individual adopts the
behavior patterns of the culture in which an individual is immersed.
● Socialization is the process through which people learn to
understand the societal norms, expectations, and values as a member
of the society.
● Identity formation starts when you learn to socialize and be aware of
the culture, behaviors, language, morals, and norms of where you
belong in.
● Identity is the total knowledge and understanding of a person of who
he or she is.
● Discipline is the control that is gained by requiring that rules or
orders be obeyed and punishing bad behavior.
● Aspiration is a strong desire and ambition with which someone is
motivated to work hard.

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Thank you !