The overview of Pakistan's infrastructure.

1. INFRASTRUCTURE
AND PLANNING
DEVELOPMENT IN
PAKISTAN

2. CONTENT
▪ What is Infrastructure
▪ Planning Commission of Pakistan
▪ Importance of infrastructure
▪ Housing
▪ Housing schemes
▪ Upcoming real state projects 2017
▪ Problems
▪ Solutions
▪ Educational Institutes
▪ Education
▪ Educational System
▪ Federal Ministry of Education
▪ Enrollment
▪ Projects
▪ Problems
▪ Solutions
 Hospitals and health care Units
 Statistical Analysis of Health
Infrastructure in Pakistan
 Power Sector
 Pakistan Power Sector
 Electricity Generation
 Cause of Energy Crisis
 Water Sanitation
 Background
 Situation of Water in Pakistan
 Policy and Regulation
 Transportation
 Roads
 Railway
 Air Transport
 Water Transport
 Summary
 Conclusion

3. WHAT IS INFRASTRUCTURE?
▪ The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for
the operation of a society or enterprise.
▪ Projects are funded publicly, privately or through public-private
partnerships.
▪ Transportation, communication, sewage, water and electric systems
waste disposal services, housing, educational and health care facilities,
research and development functions and necessary training facilities,
parks, public pools, and libraries.

4. PLANNING COMMISSION OF PAKISTAN
▪ Financial and public policy development institution of the Government
of Pakistan.
▪ Modernization of Infrastructure
▪ Institutional reform and modernization of the public sector
▪ Value-addition in Commodity Producing Sectors
▪ Export promotion
▪ Water and food security
▪ Private sector-led growth and entrepreneurship

5. IMPORTANCE OF INFRASTRUCTURE
▪ Economic Growth
▪ Achievement of the Millennium Development Goals
▪ Infrastructure investments and maintenance can be very expensive
▪ The returns to investment in infrastructure are very significant
▪ It ensure improvement in quality of life.

6. HOUSING

7. HOUSING
▪ Population of Pakistan in 2011 was 176.74 million
▪ Pakistan real estate holds immense potential
▪ Inadequate provision of shelter to the urban poor but no shortage of
shelter for the rest of the population.

8. CONT…
▪ 12% of the population earns 250,000 or above and 56% of the total
housing units in Pakistan is open to them.
▪ 20% of the population earns 30,000-250,000 and 43% of the total
housing units in Pakistan is open to them.
▪ 68% of the population earns 8,000-30,000 and 1% of the total housing
units in Pakistan is open to them.

9. CONT…
▪ Rs 2,260 million has been provided in the budget 2016-17 for
Community Development
Source: http://www.finance.gov.pk/budget/Budget_in_Brief_2016_17.pdf

10. HOUSING SCHEMES
▪ Defence Housing Authority (DHA)
▪ Bahria Town
▪ Royal Residencia
▪ Askari Housing Scheme
▪ Fazaia Housing Scheme
▪ City Housing Scheme (Gujranwala)
▪ The Hyderabad Development Authority's (HDA) Incremental Housing
Scheme (Khuda-ki- Basti)
▪ The Orangi Pilot Project (OPP)

11. UPCOMING REAL STATE PROJECTS 2017
▪ Karachi
▪ Aviation Enclave Housing Society
▪ Fazaia Housing Scheme
▪ Osman Bungalows
▪ Airports Security Force Housing Scheme
▪ Lahore
▪ Model Housing
▪ Ferozepur City
▪ Canal City
▪ Palm City

12. PROBLEMS
▪ Slums
▪ Landlords
▪ Unfinished Repairs or Renovations
▪ Rising Rental and Sale Prices
▪ Security Issues
▪ Unstable Power Supply
▪ Late Delivery of Lands and Properties

13. SOLUTION
▪ Housing resource centers at the district levels which will gather and
package up-to-date information about public and private sector housing
options.
▪ Pilot projects
▪ Innovative packages to increase the client base and expand housing
access to those in most need of financial support.

14. EDUCATIONAL
INSTITUTES

15. EDUCATION
▪ Education is the simple process of learning and knowing.
▪ Defining feature of economic and social development.
▪ Mandated in the Constitution of Pakistan to provide free and
compulsory education to all children between the ages of 5-16 years
and enhance adult literacy.
▪ Prime responsibility of an individual to get educated and live a
prosperous life while being a responsible citizen

16. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
▪ Public and private, for-profit and nonprofit, onsite or virtual instruction
▪ The rules and regulations that guide the individual and institutional
interactions within the set up are also part of the education system.
▪ The education system of Pakistan is comprised of 260,903 institutions
and is facilitating 41,018,384 students with the help of 1,535,461
teachers.
▪ 31% educational institutes are run by private sector while 69% are
public institutes.

18. FEDERAL MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
▪ Ministry of Federal Education and Professional Training.
▪ Creates policies, plans and programs to ensure the accessibility and
availability of education.
▪ Technical, vocational and professional skills and training.
▪ National Vocational and Technical Training Commission, National
Commission for Human Development, National Education Founding,
and National Education Assessment System

21. ENROLLMENT IN PUBLIC SECTOR

22. ENROLLMENT IN PRIVATE SECTOR

24. EDUCATIONAL BUDGET

25. PROJECTS
▪ Humqadam
▪ UNDP
▪ Alif Ailaan is a campaign that seeks to put education at the front and
center of public discourse in Pakistan

26. PROBLEMS
▪ In rural areas, almost 90% of people are illiterate.
▪ Demand Side of Education
▪ Gender Discrimination
▪ Cost Of Education
▪ Returns to Education
▪ Education System is based on Unequal Lines
▪ Regional Disparity
▪ Lack of Technical Education
▪ Funds
▪ Untrained Teachers
▪ Poverty

27. SOLUTIONS
▪ Estimating the value of education
▪ Implementation instead of projecting policies
▪ Allocation of funds should be made easy from provinces to districts and
then to educational institutes.
▪ Workshops for teachers
▪ Technical education must be given to all the classes.
▪ Teachers, professors and educationists should be consulted while
devising any plan, syllabus or policy

28. HOSPITALS AND
HEALTHCARE
UNITS

29. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF HEALTH
INFRASTRUCTURE IN PAKISTAN
▪ There are:
▪ 916 Hospitals
▪ 4,600 Dispensaries
▪ 5,301 Basic Health units(BHUS)Maternity camp;
▪ 906 Child Health Centers
▪ 552 Rural Health Center(RHCs)
▪ 289 Tuberculosis(TB)Centers

34. POWER SECTOR

35. PAKISTAN POWER SECTOR – CURRENT
SCENARIO
 Electricity demand-supply gap 5,000 - 6,000 MW
 Load-shedding of up to 6-10 hours per day
 Annual Demand Growth around 5-6%
 Electricity demand projected at 31,000 MW by the year 2020.

36. ELECTRICITY GENERATION
 Wapda produces 66.5% electricity with
 13083MW.
 Shortage 2000MW.
 Demand increasing 7.4% per annum.

38. CAUSES OF ENERGY CRISIS

39. UNDER CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
 Dasu Hydropower Projects
 Neelum Jhelum Hydropower Project
 Golen Gol Hydropower Project

40. ISSUES IN THIS SECTOR
▪ Capacity issue
▪ Investment public private partnership (PPP).
▪ Tariff issue
▪ Fuel supply
▪ Effective regulation
▪ Subsidy issue
▪ Impact of power sector subsidies

41. WATER
SANITATION

42. BACKGROUND
▪ Sanitation in Pakistan
▪ 93% of water available in Pakistan
▪ 65% of population access to safe drinking water
▪ Pakistan spend 0.1% of GDP on water and power

45. CONT…
▪ Rural water supply & sanitation project.
• Active from 1991 to 2000
▪ In the self-governing Pakistani state of Azad Jammu and Kashmir
▪ Main objectives of the project
▪ To improve rural productivity and health
▪ reduce poverty and deprivation.
▪ Components of the project
▪ Included the construction and rehabilitation of water supply and sanitation schemes,
institutional strengthening and training, bathroom construction materials accompanied
by health education and promotion, water resources and sanitation studies and private
sector support.

46. POLICY AND REGULATION
 Drinking water and sanitation policy is the constitutional responsibility of provincial
governments.
 The federal government is involved in policy development and guidelines setting,
mostly through the Ministry of Environment.
 A National Drinking Water and Sanitation Committee was established in 2009 to
implement both the National Sanitation Policy and the National Drinking Water Policy.
 LODHRAN PILOT PROJECT
 The project follows a low cost, community owned rural sanitation model based on a
participatory approach.
 COMMUNITY-LED TOTAL SANITATION (CLTS)
 main feature of the National Sanitation Policy,
 covering a third of the rural population of Pakistan

47. TRANSPORTATION

48. ROADS (INTRODUCTION)
▪ The most important sector of Infrastructure
▪ Rapid Eco. Development well being depends on road networks.
▪ Road Network (96% inland freight 92% passenger traffic).
▪ Easy access to remote areas (63% of population).
▪ Total Road Network of Pakistan 263,415 km.
(9,324 km National Highways & 2,280 km Motorways)

50. NATIONAL HIGHWAYS
 Created in 1991
 NHA is playing an important role.
 NHA existing portfolio 79 projects(Rs. 557 billion)
 Govt. of Pakistan (Rs. 18.183 billion) NHA’s development projects in
PSDP 2016-17.
 Current construction networks(2017) of NHA 1,272 k.m.

51. ON GOING PROJECTS
▪ Faisalabad -Khanewal -Multan Motorway (M-4)
▪ Sehwan-Ratodero Additional Carriagewa (N-55)
▪ Sukkur-Shikarpur-Jacobabad(N-55)
▪ Qila Saifullah – Zhob(N-50)
▪ Peshawar Northeren Bypass(E-2)
▪ Khushalgarh Bridge(N-80)
▪ Qazi –Amri Bridge across River Indus
▪ CPEC(China Pakistan Economic Corridor)

52. COMPLETED PROJECTS
▪ 6 interchanges on Inner Ring Road Multan
▪ 4 lane underpass at Wah Gate, Taxila
▪ Multan –Muzaffargarh (N-70, ADB Assisted)
▪ Larkana-Naudero –Lakhi Road
▪ Sakrand-Benazirabad Dual Carriageway
▪ Hyderabad –Badin Road to Mir Wah Sanjar Chang Road
▪ Ghazi & Chuch Interchanges on Motorway(M-1)
▪ Pleri-Gabd Section of Makran Coastal Highway
▪ Hub-Uthal Section of National Highway(N-25)
▪ Metro bus

53. PROBLEMS
▪ Inconsistent Govt. Policies
▪ Improper Maintenance
▪ Lack of Roads in Rural Area
▪ Violation of Rules
▪ High Corruption in Road Funds

54. SOLUTIONS
▪ Make Law for Continuance of Projects
▪ Proper Check and balance
▪ Roads for Rural and Agriculture Area
▪ Charge High Fines

55. RAILWAYS (HISTORY)
▪ Pakistan Western Railway between 1947 and 1974
▪ National state-owned railway company of Pakistan.
▪ Founded in 1861 and headquartered in Lahore.
▪ It owns 7,400 miles (11,881 km) of track across Pakistan, stretching
from Torkham to Karachi
▪ China–Pakistan Economic Corridor railway upgrade, seeks to
reinvigorate Pakistan Railways by increasing its share in the
transportation sector from 4% to 20% by 2025.
▪ The first phase of the project will be completed in December 2017,
while the second phase will be completed by 2021.

56. IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN RAILWAYS
▪ Pakistan railways has been playing a very crucial role in social, economic
and political development of Pakistan for the last 150 years.
▪ Employing more than 75,000 persons and providing employment
indirectly at least 10 times more. It contributes significantly to the GDP
of the country.
▪ Cheapest mode of transportation of goods and commuting passengers,
it has been the pivot of Pakistan’s industrial and commercial
development.
▪ 80 million passengers every year travels through railways from one
corner of the country to other.
Symbol of unity of the country.

57. MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS
▪ Khawaja Saad Rafiq (Federal Minister of Railways)
▪ Cabinet-level Ministry of Govt. of Pakistan
▪ Tasked and responsible for planning, administrating & establishing
passengers locomotive services.
▪ Control of Pakistan Railways , policy and development of railway
networks are managed by Ministry of Railways.

58. RAILWAY TRACK PROJECTS (COMPLETED)
▪ Construction of 35 km Railway Siding at Taftan(M/s Saindak Matel Ltd.)
▪ Construction of 3 km siding at Alluwali near Kundian (PAEC)
▪ Construction of Railway Siding at Farooqabad (6.17 km) (M/s Saba
Power)
▪ Track circuiting at 94 Main Line Stations (Karachi Peshawar Section)
▪ Replacement of 40 km of track on Lahore –Rawalpindi Section.
▪ Construction of Double Track at Shershah, Multan.
▪ Filing up Breach near Dil Murad Railway Station

59. DIVISIONS IN PAKISTAN RAILWAY
▪ Currently Pakistan railways has seven divisions:
▪ Lahore
▪ Multan
▪ Rawalpindi
▪ Karachi
▪ Peshawar
▪ Sukkur
▪ Quetta

60. MAJOR ROUTES (DOMESTIC ROUTES)
The total length of Railway tracks in Pakistan is 5,072miles (8,162 km). The
busiest routes include:
Peshawar-Karachi
Peshawar-Quetta
Lahore-Sialkot
Lahore-Faisalabad
Faisalabad-Khanewal

61. PROBLEMS
▪ Union activities
▪ Overstaffing
▪ Corruption
▪ Shortage of Funds

62. SUGGESTIONS
▪ Privatize
▪ Complete Projects
▪ Eradicate Corruption
▪ Proper use of funds

63. AIR TRANSPORT (HISTORY OF AIRLINE)
▪ Air transport has probably never been more important to the
development of a new nation than in the case of Pakistan.
▪ In June 1946, when Pakistan was still in the offing , Mr.Mohammed Ali
Jinnah, the Founder of upcoming nation, instructed Mr.Ispahani , a
leading industrialist to set up a national airline on apriority basis. With
his singular vision and foresight.
▪ Mr. Jinnah realized that with the formation of the two wings of Pakistan
separated by 1100 miles a swift and efficient mood of transport was
imperative

64. SOCIAL BENEFITS OF AIR TRANSPORT
Contributes to sustainable development by:
▪ 1.Facilitating Tourism & Trade
▪ 2.Generating Economic Growth
▪ 3.Creating Jobs
▪ 4.Increasing Tax Revenues
▪ 5.Facilitates the delivery of emergency and humanitarian aid relief.

65. AIRPORTS AND AIRLINES IN PAKISTAN

66. INTRODUCTION PIA
▪ Pakistan International Airline(PIA) is the national flag carrier of Pakistan.
▪ National airline and main cargo service around the world.
▪ Central points of actvity are as:
1. Jinnah International Airport Karachi
2.Allama Iqbal Airport in Lahore
3. Islamabad International Airport

67. PIA CARGO SERVICE
▪ Commencement of operations
▪ Freight up network
▪ Boost to Exports
▪ Cargo services

68. PROBLEMS
▪ Rapid increase in fuel prices, labor cost, navigation and airport charges.
▪ Taxation
▪ Effect of politics
▪ International Airlines operating in Pakistan
▪ Poor management
▪ Low or Poor maintenance
▪ Over staffing
▪ Corruptions
▪ Flight delays and cancellations

69. ACCIDENTS
Crashes and emergency landings due to:
▪ Landing gear crumbling
▪ Fuel leakage
▪ Incapable pilots or junior staff
▪ Physical defects
▪ No incorporation of new technology

70. SUGGESTIONS
▪ Privatization
▪ Bail out packages
▪ Acquisition of new Aircrafts
▪ Effective Management
▪ Special incentives

71. WATER TRANSPORT (INTRODUCTION)
▪ It is the process of moving people, goods by barge, boat, ship or sailboat
over sea, ocean, lake, canal, river etc.
▪ Cheapest Way
▪ It is the only suitable mode of transportation for carrying heavy and
bulky goods to distant places.

72. WATERWAYS IN PAKISTAN
▪ The waterway network in Pakistan is in its infancy with Karachi being
the only major city suited next to the Arabian Sea.
▪ Still plans are being purposed for development of the waterways in the
country along the Indus river and through Punjab as it would boost
employment
▪ Opportunities and the economic and social development in Pakistan.

73. DRY PORTS IN PAKISTAN
▪ Port of Gawadar –(Gawadar,Balochistan)
▪ Port of Karachi-Karachi(City center),Sindh
▪ Karachi International Container Terminal(KICT)
▪ Pakistan International Container Terminal
▪ Port Qasim-East Karachi (Sindh)
▪ Port of Pasni-Pasni, Balochistan

75. INLAND WATER TRANSPORT
DEVELOPMENT COMPANY
▪ It is incorporated under companies ordinance 1984,section 42 its equity
of being Rs.200 million is provided by the government of Punjab and its
authorized capital is Rs.500 million.
▪ Operational facilities are provided at daudkhel and at the field camps
along the Indus.

76. PHASE-I PROJECT
▪ The survey of the Indus River Channel was carried out with the support
of Pakistan Navy with funding by a group of entrepreneurs as a private
sector initiative to evaluate the feasibility of this channel.
▪ The Phase-I Project of transporting goods and passengers to and from
Daudkhel to Attock besides commercial advantages will be the impetus
for extending the regime throughout the province of Punjab.

77. ADVANTAGES OF INLAND WATER
TRANSPORT SYSTEM
▪ The saving in fuel and in foreign exchange is phenomenal and
permanently recurring.
▪ Cost of goods transport by water is cheap, less than half that by road
▪ Cost of developing waterways is 80% lower than cost of constructing
highways
▪ Cost of maintaining waterways is marginal as compared to maintaining
roads and railways
▪ Immense potential of creating new zones for industry and tourism

78. CONT…
▪ No major land acquisition is required due to availability of river and
canal corridors.
▪ Environmentally more friendly than road and rail network due to fuel
usage and other related reasons.
▪ Major impetus in providing investments and job opportunities in a huge
new industry related to riverine transport needs and social uplift.
▪ Physical and social integration of the country which cannot be cost
accounted.

79. SUMMARY

80. SUMMARY
▪ Significant economic achievements but a disappointing record of social
development.
▪ Physical infrastructure network has expanded with a vast network of
gas, power, roads and highways, ports and telecommunication facilities.
▪ Insignificant when looked against the missed opportunities.
▪ Macroeconomic stability.
▪ Deep-rooted structural reforms.
▪ Outward looking orientation.
▪ Regional hub make it highly attractive country for business and
investment.

81. LONG TERM STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND
GROWTH

82. Source: https://www.ishrathussain.iba.edu.pk/speeches/Pakistan_Economy_

83. CONCLUSION
“Infrastructure is the backbone of socio-economic
development of a country. A nation can not be
self reliant unless it evolves a large scale
infrastructure network. We should not depend
upon International aid for development. If we
want to get off from crises, we should start saving
resources individually.”

84. REFERENCES
▪ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Planning_and_Development_(Pakistan)
▪ http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/infrastructure.asp
▪ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing_in_Pakistan
▪ https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2016/11/20/current-situation-of-pakistans-real-estate-market/
▪ http://housingproblemsinthe21stcentury.blogspot.com/2012/04/pakistan-housing.html
▪ http://eduproblem.blogspot.com/
▪ http://www.ipripak.org/education-system-of-pakistan-issues-problems-and-solutions/
▪ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_education_in_Pakistan#Rural_vs._urban
▪ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Boards_of_Education_in_Pakistan
▪ http://www.pakistanherald.com/articles/reasons-of-low-levels-of-education-in-pakistan-3065
▪ https://www.dawn.com/news/1260547
▪ http://educationist.com.pk/pakistan-down-in-school-infrastructure-district-education-ranking-2016-by-alif-ailaan-and-sdpi/
▪ http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pakistan/overview
▪ http://www.humqadam.pk/
▪ http://www.pk.undp.org/content/pakistan/en/home/ourwork/crisispreventionandrecovery/successstories/education-for-all-.html

85. THANK YOU