PARTIES INVOLVED IN
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
IMPORTER AND EXPORTER
FREIGHT FORWARDER
CUSTOMS BROKER
INTERNATIONAL BANKER
CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS

FREIGHT FORWARDERS
 DEAL WITH FREIGHT
 INTERNATIONAL DEALINGS
 SAVE TIME AND MONEY
 AGENT - CARGO FROM ORIGIN TO DESTINATION
 EXTERNAL SHIPPING DEPARTMENT FOR SMALL CO.
 ADVISERS, STRATEGISTS, FREIGHT CARRIERS
 EFFECT PROFIT MARGIN OF FOREIGN SALES

CUSTOMS BROKERS
 RESPONSIBLE TO IMPORTER AND GOVERNMENT
 DEPOSIT DUTY AT CUSTOMS
 KNOWLEDGE, HONESTY AND STRICT ATTITUDE TO
PAPERWORK

INTERNATIONAL BANKERS
 VISIT THOSE WHO PROVIDE INTERNATIONAL SERVICES
AND HAVE BRANCHES IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES
 ASK FOR FEES AND LIST OF CHARGES FOR METHODS
OF PAYMENT

CONTRACTS
 AGREEMENT ON THE SALE OR PURCHASE OF GOODS
OR SERVICES
 CONTENTS:
 INFO ABOUT SELLER AND BUYER, ITEMS, PRICE
QUANTITY, METHOD OF PAYMENT- CURRENCY-,
PLACE AND DATE OF ISSUING AND AVAILABILITY
 REQUIREMENTS ON DELIVERY, PLACE AND DATE
 REGULATIONS

DOCUMENTS
 PRO-FORMA INVOICE - QUOTATIONS
 CONSIDERATIONS:
 TYPE OF MARKET AND GRADE OF SPECIFICATIONS,
BACKGROUND EXPORTER’S BUSINESS AND DURATION
 EXPORT PRICE LIST (EXW PRICES)
 COMMERCIAL INVOICE (OFFICIAL AND KEY DOCUMENT
USED AS EVIDENCE OF VALUE. TERMS OF SALE AND
ORIGIN OF CARGO IMPORTANT. NO SPECIFIC FORMAT)

INCOTERMS
 IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS RESPONSIBILITIES
 EXW: BASIC DELIVERY CLAUSE. GOODS AVAILABLE AT
YOUR LOCATION FOR BUYER TO PICK AND TRANSPORT,
PACKED, BANDED AND LABELLED.
 FCA: + LOADING GOODS ON BOARD TRUCK.
 FAS: + TRANSPORTING TO PORT RECEIVED BY AGENT
 FOB: + ARRANGEMENTS SHIPPING BY OCEAN
(WHARFAGE FOR LOADING ON BOARD VESSEL AND
FREIGHT FORWARDER’S BILL)

INCOTERMS
 CFR: IF OCEAN FREIGHT INCLUDED AND PAID.
“PREPAID” BASIS NOT “FREIGHT COLLECT”
 CIF: + A MARINE INSURANCE POLICY
 DAP: PREVIOUS TERM “DDU” AND “DAF”
 DAT: PREVIOUS TERMS “DES” AND “DEQ”
 DDP: + DESTINATION INCLUDING DUTY AT
CUSTOMS
 CPT, CIP (FREIGHT, INSURANCE INLAND)

CUSTOMS
 CUSTOMS BROKER: AGENT WORKING ALONE OR AS
PART OF A COMPANY.
 TASKS: PAPERWORK, PROVIDING ADVICE, FILLING
DOCUMENTS, DEPOSITING DUTIES, OBTAINING
BONDS, ARRANGING DELIVERY, OBTAINING
DRAWBACK.
 WORK OF CUSTOMS: COLLECT IMPORT-EXPORT
DUTIES AND STATISTICS, ISSUE IMPORT-EXPORT
LICENCES

CUSTOMS
 PROCESS: ENTRY FOR COMSUMPTION OR DEPOSITED
IN ….
 BONDED WAREHOUSES WITHIN CUSTOMS TERRITORY
MERCHANDISE PLACED UP TO 5 YEARS WITHOUT
DUTY. CLEANING, REPACKING AND SORTING
 FREE TRADE ZONE OUTSIDE CUSTOMS TERRITORY.
GOODS PAY NO TARIFF OR UNDER GUARANTEE
(BOND) NOT TO ENTER THE DOMESTIC MARKET.
GOODS ALTERED, ASSEMBLED, MANUFACTURED

CUSTOMS
 PROCESS: VALUATION TO APPLY TARIFF, INVOICES
USED TO ASSES DUTY AND GOODS EXAMINED TO
DETERMINE SUITABILITY.
 VALIDATION: CHECKING CLASSIFICATION OF GOODS
THROUGH THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SYSTEM -BTN-
(COMMODITY DESCRIPTION AND CODING)
 AUTHORIZATION AFTER CHECKING DOC.
 LIQUIDATION AFTER ACCEPTANCE OF ENTERING.
 BONDS- DRAWBACK- IMPORT QUOTAS
 PREFERENCES: CEILINGS OR TARIFF QUOTAS. DOC
EUR 1 AND FORM A

CUSTOMS DOCUMENTS
 IMPORT-EXPORT LICENCES (RESTRICTED GOODS,
ANTIQUES, CULTURAL, HISTORICAL GOODS)
 COMMERCIAL INVOICES- CONSULAR INVOICES
 CERTIFICATES OF ORIGIN
 CUSTOMS ENTRY FORMS
 PHYTOSANITARY CERTIFICATE (CONFORM FOREIGN
QUARANTINE IMPORT REGULATIONS)
 SANITARY CERTIFICATE
 SINGLE ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENT (SAD) BETWEEN
EU AND COUNTRIES OUTSIDE EU. 8 FORMS