Descripcion sobre algunos conceptos donde esta implicado el Resistoma, que se encuentra relacionado con los genes de resistencia que poseen diferentes organismo como las bacterias y entre otros. Presentación en el idioma ingles

1. Resistome
Juan Diego Peña Niño

2. Introduction
• Antibiotics are susceptible to resistance
• Antibiotics support all major surgeries, cancer chemotherapy, organ transplantation
• Some of our most successful antibiotic classes, such as β-lactams and fluoroquinolones
• Resistance is easily detected in soils, aquatic, atmospheric and built environments
• Wild and domestic animals are also sources of resistance genes and microbial species that are shared with
humans

3. Figure 1: Finley RL, Collignon P, Larsson DGJ,
McEwen SA, Li X-Z, et al. 2013. The scourge
of antibiotic resistance: the important role of
the environment. Clin. Infect. Dis. 57(5):704–10

4. ¿What is the Resistome?
• The resistome consists of the totality of antibiotic resistance genes in pathogens, antibiotic producers and benign
environmental bacteria.
Wright, G. D. (2007). The antibiotic
resistome: the nexus of chemical
and genetic diversity. Nature
Reviews Microbiology, 5(3), 175-
186.

5. Olivares Pacheco, J. A., Bernardini, A., Garcia-Leon, G., Corona, F., Sanchez, M. B., & Martinez, J. L.
(2013). The intrinsic resistome of bacterial pathogens. Frontiers in microbiology, 4, 103.

6. Wright, G. D.
(2007). The
antibiotic resistome:
the nexus of
chemical and genetic
diversity. Nature
Reviews
Microbiology, 5(3),
175-186.

7. Gillings, M. R. (2013). Evolutionary consequences of antibiotic use for the resistome, mobilome and microbial
pangenome. Frontiers in microbiology, 4, 4.

8. The resistome, therefore, also includes the intrinsic systems
biology of organisms that results in evasion of the activity
of antibiotics by an organism
Because of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between microbes
of diverse species and genre.

9. Wright, G. D. (2007). The
antibiotic Resistome: the nexus
of chemical and genetic diversity.
Nature Reviews Microbiology,
5(3), 175-186.

10. The clinical Resistome
For example, a survey of the Murray collection of enterobacteria (433 stains) collected between 1917
and 1952 showed that while pre-antibiotic use bacterial isolates harbored conjugatitive plasmids
capable of HGT, none of them carried resistance genes [68]. In contrast, following the introduction of
antibiotics in a single patient, in a clinical care setting, or across populations, increased prevalence of
resistance is the norm and is predictable (e.g., [27,69,70]).

11. BIBLIOGRAPHY REFERENCES
• Wright, G. D. (2007). The antibiotic Resistome: the nexus of chemical and genetic diversity. Nature Reviews
Microbiology, 5(3), 175-186. https://www.nature.com/articles/nrmicro1614
• Surette, M. D., & Wright, G. D. (2017). Lessons from the environmental antibiotic resistome. Annual review of
microbiology, 71, 309-329.https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-micro-090816-093420
• Wright, G. D. (2007). The antibiotic resistome: the nexus of chemical and genetic diversity. Nature Reviews
Microbiology, 5(3), 175-186. https://www.nature.com/articles/nrmicro1614
• Gillings, M. R. (2013). Evolutionary consequences of antibiotic use for the resistome, mobilome and microbial
pangenome. Frontiers in microbiology, 4, 4. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00004/full