1. DNA BARCODING
Antigua Seventh-day Adventist Secondary School
Teacher: Miss Asher Agard
Orecia Daley
Esther Chuekwuemka
Azariah Thomas
Jeduthun Clarke
Kadesh Wilson
2. INTRODUCTION
What is DNA?
DNA is the chemical
from which genes and
chromosomes are made.
What are genes?
A gene is a part of a
chromosome or in other words
a length of DNA that codes for
the production of one protein,
or for one characteristics.
Where is DNA
found?
DNA is found in the nucleus
of a cell.
3. STRUCTURE OF DNA
DNA is made up of two strands that
are linked through bases A, T, C,
and G.
The two strands are also twisted
around each other. This forms a
‘Double Helix’.
DNA base pairs are nitrogen-
containing bases that are paired
together to make up the structure
of DNA.
Base Pairs found in DNA:
• Thymine - T
• Adenine - A
• Guanine - G
• Cytosine - C
Double Helix
DNA Base Pairs
4. DNA BARCODING
• What is DNA Barcoding?
- DNA Barcoding is the identification of
species by the characteristics displayed by
one specific gene.
• Importance:
- Helps on the development of accurate
and efficient strategies for identifying
existing species.
- Allows unknown species to be discovered
using a sequence.
• Uses:
- Identify plant leaves for specific plants
- Investigating crime scenes
- Research purposes
5. DAY 1: PLANT DNA EXTRACTION
Condensed Procedure
1. Grind, lyse and precipitate plant tissue
2. Centrifuge through QIAshredder
3. Add ethanol and bind DNA
4. Wash
5. Elute
6.
7. DAY 2: PCR AND GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
• PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction
• It is used to multiply the DNA of the leaves so that they
could be visible.
• Negative Control was used to identify any contamination
found in the samples prepared.
8. GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
• Gel electrophoresis is a biotechnology technique used to
separate charged molecules such as DNA molecules
according to their size. The gel used is made of Agarose
and has a positive and negative end.
9. SEQUENCING AND BIOINFORMATICS
• We imported our sequence files
unto the DNA Subway website.
• The steps used to identify the
sequence species identity:
1. Trim sequences
2. Pair the sequences
3. Match the sequences against the
data base using BLASTN
11. BAUHINIA VARIEGATA
• The Bauhinia Variegata
is a flowering plant
most commonly known
as the ‘Orchid tree’.
• It is native to China,
India, and it can also
be found in Africa,
Tropical America, West
Indies and several
countries in the Pacific
and Indian oceans.
USES:
• Medical Uses
1. Tonic
2. Treatment of ulcers
3. Reduce the effects of
cancer
4. Skin diseases
5. Antidote to snake venom
• Other Uses:
1. Making of nutritious meals
