2. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Game Plan
Macro-Micro (Multi-Resolution) Modeling Background
Project Application
> Overview
> VISUM Network Adjustment
> Developing Demand for Simulation
> ANM Export / Import
> VISSIM Network Adjustment / Calibration
Conclusion
2
3. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Multi-Resolution Modeling Background
3
Macroscopic
Mesoscopic
Microscopic
Roadway
Design
Roadway
Design
Modes
Roadway
Design
Strategies
Auto
Truck
Transit
Bicycle
Ped.
Active Traffic
Management
Active Lane
Management
(HOV, HOT,
etc)
4. PTV America, Inc. 2010
General Workflow
4
Regional Travel Model
Volume
Data
Network
Data
VISUM
Data
Warehouse
VISSIM
Micro-Level
Simulation
Model
PORTAL
ODOT TCM
Turning Count
Data
Signal Timing
Data
Network
Geometry Data
5. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Oregon DOT’s VISSIM Freeway Protocol
Project Boundary
> Freeways: At least two interchanges and/or two miles outside of study
area.
> Ramp Terminal Intersections: One intersection outside of the study
intersections.
Time Periods
> AM Peak Period – 4 hours, 6:00 ~ 10:00
> PM Peak Period – 5 hours, 14:00 ~ 19:00
Volume Data Interval
> Traffic volumes should be collected in 15-minute increments
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6. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Study Area
6
Corridor Boundary
> Freeways: Including two interchanges
outside of study area.
> One intersection outside of the ramp
terminal intersections.
Time Periods
> AM Peak Period – 4 hours, 6:00 ~ 10:00
> PM Peak Period – 5 hours, 14:00 ~ 19:00
Volume Data Interval
> 15-minute increments
7. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Regional Travel Demand Model
7
Future Macro-Meso-Micro
Network
Current Macro Model Network
8. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Regional Freeway Model
Sub-network Generation Based on Roadway Classification
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9. PTV America, Inc. 2010
I-5 Corridor Model
Sub-network Generation Based on Spatial Selection
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10. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Network Adjustment
Edit Link Shape
> Reshape Links to Better Match Background Image
> One-way Links:
Reshape it along inner
edge of the link
> Detailed Work at this Step
Saved a lot of time on
VISSIM part.
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11. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Network Adjustment
Split / Merge Links
> Split Link to Model Lane Adds and Drops
> Merge Unnecessary Nodes
11
3 Lanes + 1 Lane (Ramp) 4 Lanes 3 Lanes
You can check it in VISSIM Preview Mode in VISUM
12. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Network Adjustment (Junction Editor)
Node
> Control Type: Uncontrolled, Two-way Stop, Two-way Yield, All-way
Stop, Signalized, Roundabout
Links
> Speed, Road Name, and Link Closure
> On-ramp Speed Must be Adjusted to match up with Mainline Speed
(Merging Behavior Issue)
Turns
> Turn Type and Turn Closure
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13. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Network Adjustment (Junction Editor)
13
Turns
> All Turn Types on Freeway segments are set to “2. Straight”.
> ANM Import sets Reduced
Speed Area for Turn Types
Other than “2. Straight”.
> Right Turn : 9 mph
> Left Turn : 16 mph
14. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Network Adjustment (Junction Editor)
Geometry
> Lane Turns Definition Used to Determine Connector Setting in
VISSIM
> Turn Bays / Lane Add /
Lane Drop : Length
> Lane Width, Crosswalks
> Center Island: Length, Width
> Channelized Turn Lane:
Length
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15. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Network Adjustment (Junction Editor)
Signal Timing
> Assign Signal Group to each Movement
> Signal Timing (Including Offset)
Optimization feature in VISUM
15
> Ability to Generate Quick
HCM Report : Easy way of
Checking Validity of Demand
Data
16. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Maintaining
Consistency
Network Adjustment
16
Field
Condition
VISSIM Network
VISUM Network
17. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Developing Demand for Simulation
17
O-D Matrix in Regional Demand
Model (2005)
Matrix Correction for
2-hour Period
Peak 2-hour O-D Matrix (2009)
Simulation Hours O-D Matrix
(2009)
Matrix Correction for
Multi-hour Period
Updated Simulation Hours O-D
Matrix (2009)
2-hour Volume Data
(TCM, Count Data)
Sub-area Freeway Model
Generation
Peak Hours to Multi-hour
Growth Factor (TCM)
Multi-hour Volume Data
(TCM)
18. PTV America, Inc. 2010
2-Hour O-D Matrix Correction
Developing Demand for Simulation
18
O-D Matrix in
Regional Demand
Model (2005)
::: i j l :::
::: # # # #
i # # # #
j # # # #
l # # # #
::: # # # #
2-HR Peak
Freeway / Ramp
Volume Data
(TCM)
Field Collected
Turning Count
(2009)
VISUM Model
19. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Developing Demand for Simulation
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Peak Spreading Issue
> Field Count vs. Peak Demand
Capacity
20. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Developing Demand for Simulation
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Peak Spreading Issue
> Aggregate Flow Data at “Uncongested” Regional Sites
6:45
~
8:45
15:30
~
17:30
Peak Hours to
Multi-hour
Growth Factor
AM Period PM Period
1.755 2.422
21. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Developing Demand for Simulation
21
Expand 2-hr Matrix to Multi-hour Matrix
2-Hr O-D Matrix (2009)
::: i j l :::
::: # # # #
i # # # #
j # # # #
l # # # #
::: # # # #
2-HR Peak
Growth Factor
1.755AM
2.422PM
4-Hr O-D Matrix (2009)
::: i j l :::
::: # # # #
i # # # #
j # # # #
l # # # #
::: # # # #
6:00 - 10:00
5-Hr O-D Matrix (2009)
::: i j l :::
::: # # # #
i # # # #
j # # # #
l # # # #
::: # # # #
14:00 - 19:00
22. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Multi-hour O-D Matrix Correction
Developing Demand for Simulation
22
Multi-hour O-D
Matrix (2009)
Freeway / Ramp
Volume Data
(TCM)
VISUM Model::: i j l :::
::: # # # #
i # # # #
j # # # #
l # # # #
::: # # # #
14:00 - 19:00
23. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Developing Demand for Simulation
Corridor Specific Demand Matrix in 15-minute interval
> Critical TCM count locations at the entering boundary are selected
and analyzed.
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24. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Developing Demand for Simulation
Time-Series Demand Data
> Enter Time-series Value for AM and PM Time Periods
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25. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Dynamic User Equilibrium (DUE) Assignment
Developing Demand for Simulation
25
Time-Dependent Travel
Demand
Capacity Variation
DUE Assignment
Time-Varying O-D Path
Flow
26. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Demand Adjustment
Sub-Area Cut O-D Adjustment
26
Zone 1
Zone 2
Eliminate Unrealistic
O-D Trips
28. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Developing Demand for Simulation
Evaluating Corrected Matrix
> 40% of Demand on Ramp did not satisfy threshold (±10%)
> Need for additional demand adjustment.
28
Acceptable
(60%)
Not acceptable
(40%)
29. PTV America, Inc. 2010
How to Adjust O-D Matrix ?
Developing Demand for Simulation
29
Confirm Ramps with
Significant Differences
Visual Inspection of O-D
Data using Flow Bundle
O-D Matrix Adjustm
30. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Demand Adjustment
Matrix Adjustment Result
> Both AM and PM results fall within ±4% Range.
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31. PTV America, Inc. 2010
ANM Export / Import
31
It is important to maintain “LINK-NODE Structure”.
ANM Export (VISUM) ANM Import (VISSIM)
32. PTV America, Inc. 2010
15-minute Volume Data in VISSIM
Routing DecisionVehicle Input
Demand Data in VISSIM
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33. PTV America, Inc. 2010
VISSIM Network Adjustment
Signal Control
> Signalized Intersections : Convert Signal Controller Type to RBC
> Ramp Meter : Convert Signal Controller Type to VAP
Vehicle Composition
> Single Matrix (Car) in VISUM Generates Vehicle Type “Car” only
> Code in Heavy Vehicle Percentage Based on Count Data
Routing Decision
> Single Matrix (Car) in VISUM Generates Vehicle Type “Car” only
> Change to All Vehicle Types
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34. PTV America, Inc. 2010
VISSIM Network Adjustment
34
Vehicle Models
> New Vehicle Fleets Models for North America
35. PTV America, Inc. 2010
VISSIM Network Calibration
Calibration Measures
> Volume Data: Peak 2-hour Ramp Volume
> 15-minute Average Speed on I-5 Mainline
(Entire simulation period, PORTAL)
> Visual Check
Calibration Method
> Comparison of Field Data and Simulation Output (3-days)
> Iterative Process until it matches
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36. PTV America, Inc. 2010
VISSIM Network Calibration
Calibration Parameters
> Wiedemann 99 Model Parameters
> Headway Time (CC1) : Headway Time directly impact Safety Distance
calculation process in VISSIM
> Lane Change Behavior Parameters
> Deceleration Rates
> Safety Distance Reduction Factor
> Max. Deceleration for Cooperative braking
> Lane Change Distance
> It should be long enough so that cars which needs to use certain connector
can complete necessary lane change behavior safely.
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37. PTV America, Inc. 2010
VISSIM Calibration Result - Volume
2-Hour Ramp Volume Data
> Both AM and PM data are within acceptable range.
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40. PTV America, Inc. 2010
Conclusions
> Network geometry, volume, and signal control coded and maintained
in single platform.
> Detailed geometry coding saved time in latter steps.
> Demand development and adjustment could be completed effectively
with VISUM.
> Calibration result of VISSIM network were acceptable (Speed,
Volume).
> Project completed in ~ 200 hours.
> Additional scenario with different demand level can be simulated with
minimal effort
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41. PTV America, Inc. 2010
More Conclusions
> PTV Vision - Complete framework and toolbox for long-term
sustainability of macro-meso-micro simulation modeling
> Comprehensive and Flexible Network [Planning -> Operations]
> More realistic demand
> Complementary diagnostic tools [HCM, queueing]
> PTV Vision – More Tools
> Flexible DTA Support [DUE, VISTA, Dynus-T]
> Traffic Count Management (TCM) provides project analysis support
– Count data quality (includes speed)
– Management and utilization (VISUM export)
– Expanded simulation analysis (VISSIM import)
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