There is an abundant number of minerals around the world, one of which is on the category called oxide minerals. Lets dig in through the depths of the world among the 5 examples of oxide minerals and their properties and purposes.

1. OXIDE MINERALS

2. What makes a mineral an oxide
mineral?
Minerals in this class includes those minerals in
which the oxide anion (O2−) and is bonded to one or more
metal ions. The hydroxide bearing minerals are typically
included also in this class.
Oxide mineral, any naturally occurring inorganic
compound with a structure based on close-
packed oxygen atoms in which smaller, positively
charged metal or other ions occur in interstices. Oxides
are distinguished from other oxygen-
bearing compounds such as the silicates, borates, and
carbonates, which have a readily definable group
containing oxygen atoms covalently bonded to an atom
of another element.

3. LET’S DIG IN DEEPER!

4. MAGNETITE - Fe3O4
(Magnetic Iron Ore)
Magnetite is best known for its
property of being strongly
attracted to magnets. Some forms
of Magnetite from specific
localities are in fact themselves
magnets. Commonly known
as Lodestone, this magnetic form
of Magnetite is the only mineral
that is a natural magnet. Due to
the magnetism of Lodestone, small
iron particles are often found
clinging to its surfaces

5. MORE PROPERTIES ABOUT MAGNETITE
Color – black to brownish black
Lustre – metallic to semimetallic
Mohs Hardness – 5 ½ to 6 ½
Specific Gravity – 5.2
Crystal System – isometric; mostly in octahedrons
Composition – 72.4% Iron and 27.6% Oxygen sometimes contains
Titanium and Manganese
Cleavage – indistinct
Streak - Black

6. USES OF MAGNETITE
AS AN ORE OF IRON -Most of the iron ore mined today is a banded
sedimentary rock known as taconite that contains a mixture of magnetite,
hematite, and chert.
AS A HEAVY MEDIA - Powdered magnetite is often mixed with a liquid to
produce a thick, high-density slurry that is used for specific gravity separations
AS AN ABRASIVE- The abrasive known as "emery" is a natural mixture of
magnetite and corundum.
Other uses include: as a toner in electrophotograpy, as a micronutrient in fertilizers, as a
pigment in paints and as an aggregate in high-density concrete

7. MAGNETITE: DO YOU FIND ME ATTRACTIVE?

8. ILMENITE - FeTiO ₃
(Manaccanite)
Ilmenite is a common
accessory mineral in igneous
rocks, sediments, and sedimentary
rocks in many parts of the world.
Apollo astronauts found abundant
ilmenite in lunar rocks and the
lunar regolith. Ilmenite is a
black iron-titanium oxide with a
chemical composition of FeTiO3.
Ilmenite is the primary ore
of titanium, a metal needed to
make a variety of high-
performance alloys.

9. MORE PROPERTIES ABOUT ILMENITE
Color –iron black
Lustre – metallic to semimetallic
Mohs Hardness – 5 to 6
Specific Gravity – 4.7 to 4.8
Crystal System – hexagonal; thick tabular crystals
Composition – 36.8% Iron, 31.6% Titanium and 31.6% Oxygen
Cleavage – none
Streak - Black

10. USES OF ILMENITE
Small amounts of titanium combined with certain metals will produce durable,
high-strength, lightweight alloys. These alloys are used to manufacture a wide variety
high-performance parts and tools. Examples include: aircraft parts, artificial joints for
humans, and sporting equipment such as bicycle frames. About 5% of the ilmenite
mined is used to produce titanium metal.
Most of the remaining ilmenite is used to make titanium dioxide, an inert,
white, highly reflective material. Whitings are white, highly reflective materials that are
ground to a powder and used as pigments. These pigments produce a white color and
brightness in paint, paper, adhesives, plastics, toothpaste, and even food.

11. YOU SHOOT ME DOWN BUT I WON’T FALL I AM TITANIUM

12. CORUNDUM -Al2O3
(Ruby/Sapphire)
The mineral is widely known for
its extreme hardness and for the
fact that it is sometimes found
as beautiful transparent crystals
in many different colors. The
extreme hardness makes corundum
an excellent abrasive, and when
that hardness is found in
beautiful crystals, you have the
perfect material for
cutting gemstones.

13. MORE PROPERTIES ABOUT CORUNDUM
Color –red (ruby); blue (sapphire); also variable
Lustre – adamantine to vitreous
Mohs Hardness – 9
Specific Gravity – 4.0 to 4.1
Crystal System – hexagonal; pyramidal crystals
Composition – Aluminum and Oxygen
Cleavage – None; uneven to conchoidal fracture
Streak - Colorless

14. USES OF CORUNDUM
AS JEWEL BEARINGS - The corundum was much harder than
the metals used to make the moving parts of a watch, and it was able
to stand up to the continuous abrasion without failing
AS A GEMSTONE- Gem-quality corundum is a highly prized and
valuable material. When it is bright red in color it is called "ruby."
When it is blue it is called "sapphire." When colorless it is called a
"white sapphire." Gem-quality corundum of any other color is called
"fancy sapphire.
AS AN ABRASIVE- Crushed corundum is processed to remove
impurities and then screened to produce uniformly sized granules and
powders. Can be used also as an emery stone.
Other uses include: as windows of grocery store scanners, watc crystals,
aircraft windows and protective covers for electronic devices

15. HALA ANG PUNUAN SA RUBY NAUGDAW SAPPHIRE

16. HEMATITE-Fe2O3.
Hematite is one of the most
abundant minerals on Earth's
surface and in the shallow crust.
Originally named about 300-325
BCE by Theophrastus from the
Greek, "αιματίτις λίθος"
("aematitis lithos") for "blood
stone". It is possibly the first
mineral ever named ending with a
"-ite" suffix. Translated in 79
by Pliny the Elder to haematites,
"bloodlike", in allusion to the
vivid red colour of the powder.

17. MORE PROPERTIES ABOUT HEMATITE
Color – steel gray; dull to bright red
Lustre –metallic or submetallic to dull
Mohs Hardness – 5 to 6
Specific Gravity –5.3
Crystal System – trigonal (or hexagonal)
Composition – 70% Iron and3 0% Oxygen
Cleavage – None
Streak – Red to reddish brown

18. USES OF HEMATITE
AS AN IRON ORE- Hematite is the world’s most important ore of iron.
Although magnetite contains a higher percentage of iron and is easier to
process.
AS A PIGMENT- Primitive people discovered that hematite could be
crushed and mixed with a liquid for use as a paint or cosmetic. Cave
paintings, known as "pictographs," dating back to 40,000 years ago were
created with hematite pigments.
AS AN GEM MATERIAL/ HEALING STONES- Hematite is a minor
gem material used to produce cabochons, beads, small sculptures, tumbled
stones, and other items. Some people believe that carrying pieces of
tumble-polished hematite, known as "healing stones," will bring relief
from certain medical problems
Other uses include: as material for stopping x-rays, ballast for ships and polisiing
compounds known as “red rouge”

19. ANG TEST SA SCIENCE BA KAY MAKA-HEMATITE

20. CASSETERITE -SnO₂
(Tinstone)
It is the most important source of
tin, and most of the world’s
supply of tin is obtained by
mining cassiterite. Small amounts
of primary cassiterite are found
in igneous and metamorphic rocks
throughout the world. It is also a
residual mineral found in soils
and sediments. Cassiterite is more
resistant to weathering than many
other minerals, and that causes it
to be concentrated in stream and
shoreline sediments.

21. MORE PROPERTIES ABOUTCASSETERITE
Color – reddish or yellowish brown to brownish black
Lustre – adamantine to metallic adamantine, usually splendent
Mohs Hardness – 6 to 7
Specific Gravity – 7.0
Crystal System –tetragonal
Composition – Tin and Oxygen
Cleavage – Imperfect
Streak – A trace of white to no streak at all.

22. USES OF CASSETERITE
AS A PRIMARY TIN ORE- Cassiterite is an economically
important mineral, being the primary ore of the metal tin. It is
also used as a collectors mineral with the transparent forms being
highly desired. Cassiterite is occasionally used as a minor
gemstone, being faceted mostly for collectors.
AS AN GEMSTONE - Gem-quality cassiterite is very rare. To
be suitable for cutting faceted gems cassiterite must be
transparent, free of fractures, be of high clarity and have an
attractive color.

23. DO WHAT IS RIGHT CASSETERITE HUEHUE

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