1. Other Techniques in Selecting and Organizing
Information
1. Brainstorming = listing down
everything that comes into
your mind as fast as you can
for a certain amount of time
= not to
produce a logical flow of ideas,
but to provide yourself with as
many choices for your topic as
possible.
2. Other Techniques in Selecting and Organizing
Information
2. Clustering or Mapping
= start by writing a word or phrase
at the center of the page and
encircle it; this becomes your main
topic. Then, think of other words or
phrases related to that main topic,
write them down, encircle them, and
draw lines connecting them to the
main topic.
3. Other Techniques in Selecting and Organizing
Information
3. Free Writing
= writing down your thoughts
nonstop, in the exact order,
language, and form in that you
think them.
4. Other Techniques in Selecting and Organizing
Information
4. Outlining
= recognizing the
hierarchy of the ideas you
will arrange in outline
format.
5. TWO OUTLINE FORMATS
TWO TYPES OF OUTLINE
Types of outline
1. Topic Outline
2. Sentence Outline
6. TYPES OF WRITING
NARRATIVE
o Tells a story
o Writing a narrative gives you practice in remembering and
retelling significant events in your life.
o Story of fictional characters/events
o Story of nonfictional characters/events
7. TYPES OF WRITING
NARRATIVE
Writing a Narrative Text
• choose an appropriate topic, which is a story;
• compose a clear thesis statement that tells your impression or point of
view about the story;
• support the thesis statement with enough details, which includes the
elements of a story
the plot, setting, character, conflict, climax, and resolution; and
use transitional devices that signal time order.
8. THESIS STATMENT
- the central idea of an essay/story, around which
all other ideas revolve
- the controlling idea of an essay/story
9. THESIS STATMENT
Characteristics of an Effective Thesis Statement:
1.Expresses the main idea in one or two sentences.
2. Focuses on a specific issue
3. States a stand on a topic
4. Says something meaningful by answering the
questions: “So what?” “How?” “Why?”
5. Previews the rest of the essay by being placed in
the introduction
10. THESIS STATMENT
“The officers of the ROTC should exercise more
responsibility toward their authority by being
sensitive to how they lead their fellow students.”
Expresses the main idea in
one or two sentences.
11. THESIS STATMENT
“The officers of the ROTC should exercise more
responsibility toward their authority by being
sensitive to how they lead their fellow students.”
Focuses on a specific issue
12. THESIS STATMENT
“The officers of the ROTC should exercise more
responsibility toward their authority by being
sensitive to how they lead their fellow students.”
States a stand on a topic
13. THESIS STATMENT
“The officers of the ROTC should exercise more
responsibility toward their authority by being
sensitive to how they lead their fellow students.”
Says something meaningful by answering
the questions: “So what?” “How?” “Why?”
14. THESIS STATMENT
“The officers of the ROTC should exercise more
responsibility toward their authority by being
sensitive to how they lead their fellow students.”
Says something meaningful by answering
the questions: “So what?” “How?” “Why?”
15. THESIS STATMENT
More Guidelines
1. Avoid making overly-opinionated stands
The officers of the ROTC are merciless slave
drivers who abuse their fellow students.
The officers of the ROTC should exercise more
responsibility toward their authority by being
sensitive to how they lead their fellow students.
16. THESIS STATMENT
More Guidelines
2. Avoid making announcements
e.g.
In this essay, I will be discussing the benefits of
joining the Reserve Officers Training Corps.
17. THESIS STATMENT
3. Avoid stating only facts.
- Facts are generally not as debatable as opinions.
- State your position that your readers can
oppose.
- Reveal your attitude toward the topic.
18. THESIS STATMENT
Examples of Thesis Statement:
1. Sports (Basketball)
Being part of a high school basketball team is a
good training ground for an athlete who wants to
play for a college basketball team.
19. THESIS STATMENT
2. Transportation (MRT Fare Hike)
The Metro Rail Transit 3 (MRT-3) fare hike is a
reasonable measure because the additional
revenue generated can go to the much-needed
improvement of the train’s coaches.
20. THESIS STATMENT
3. Social Media (Facebook interactions)
Face-to-face conversations are more meaningful
than Facebook interactions because they are
more personal.
23. Forms of Fictional Narratives
Realistic Fiction
• Portrays invented characters and events in
everyday situation
• Often presents problems that many people face
and solutions they devise to solve
24. Forms of Fictional Narratives
Historical Fiction
• about imaginary people living in real places and
times in history
25. Forms of Fictional Narratives
Mystery Stories
• present unexplained or strange events that
characters try to solve
26. Forms of Fictional Narratives
Mythology
• Fictional tales that explain the actions of gods or
heroes or the origins of the elements of nature
• Oral literature
27. Forms of Fictional Narratives
Legend
• Widely-told stories about the past, one that may
or may not have foundation in fact
• Contains supernatural beings/powers
28. Forms of Fictional Narratives
Science Fiction
• Writing that ells about imaginary events that
involves science and technology
29. Forms of Fictional Narratives
Tall Tales
• Tell larger that life characters in real-life settings
• The characters perform amazing acts of strength
and bravery
33. FORMS OF NONFICTION
Diary and Journal
• Highly personal experiences, thoughts, and
feelings
• The author is private
34. FORMS OF NONFICTION
Blogs
• Online journals that may include
autobiographical narratives, reflections, opinions,
and other types of comments
35. FORMS OF NONFICTION
Eyewitness
• Nonfiction writing that focuses on historical or
other important events
• The narrator share his thoughts on the event
38. FORMS OF NONFICTION
Reflective Essays
• Present personal experiences that generally focus
on sharing observations and insights the writer
had while thinking about these experiences
39. TYPES OF WRITING
DESCRIPTIVE
• presents the writer’s impression about a person, place,
thing, or event as the main idea.
• supported by vivid details that appeal to the reader’s
senses – hearing, sight, smell, taste, touch.
• contains transition words and phrases that signal spatial
order.
40. TYPES OF WRITING
DESCRIPTIVE
Writing a Descriptive Text
1. Do the prewriting activities to decide on a topic.
2. Write a thesis statement.
3. Generate details and organize ideas using a description pattern.
4. Begin writing your draft.
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