HBaseCon 2014-Just the Basics
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My HBaseCon 2014 talk that introduced the basic concepts of HBase. This shows the basic workings of HBase, the programming API, and schema design.
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HBaseCon 2014-Just the Basics
- 1. 1 HBase: Just the Basics Jesse Anderson â Curriculum Developer and Instructor v2
- 2. 2 What Is HBase? Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.2 ⢠NoSQL datastore built on top of HDFS (Hadoop) ⢠An Apache Top Level Project ⢠Handles the various manifestations of Big Data ⢠Based on Googleâs BigTable paper
- 3. 3 Why Use HBase? Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.3 ⢠Storing large amounts of data (TB/PB) ⢠High throughput for a large number of requests ⢠Storing unstructured or variable column data ⢠Big Data with random read and writes
- 4. 4 When to Consider Not Using HBase? Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.4 ⢠Only use with Big Data problems ⢠Read straight through files ⢠Write all at once or append new files ⢠Not random reads or writes ⢠Access patterns of the data are ill-defined
- 5. 5 HBase Architecture How it works
- 6. 6 Meet the Daemons Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.6 ⢠HBase Master ⢠RegionServer ⢠ZooKeeper ⢠HDFS ⢠NameNode/Standby NameNode ⢠DataNode
- 7. 7 Daemon Locations Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.7 NameNode DataNodeDataNode Standby NameNode DataNode RegionServer Master RegionServerRegionServer ZooKeeper ZooKeeper ZooKeeper Master Master DataNodeDataNode DataNode RegionServerRegionServerRegionServer Master Nodes Slave Nodes
- 8. 8 Tables and Column Families Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.8 Column Family âcontactinfoâ Column Family âprofilephotoâ Tables are broken into groupings called Column Families. Group data frequently accessed together and compress it Group photos with different settings
- 9. 9 Rows and Columns Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.9 Row key Column Family âcontactinfoâ Column Family âprofilephotoâ adupont fname: Andre lname: Dupont jsmith fname: John lname: Smith image: <smith.jpg> mrossi fname: Mario lname: Rossi image: <mario.jpg> Row keys identify a row No storage penalty for unused columns Each Column Family can have many columns
- 10. 10 Regions Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.10 Row key Column Family âcontactinfoâ adupont fname: Andre lname: Dupont jsmith fname: John lname: Smith A table is broken into regions NameNode DataNodeDataNode Standby NameNode DataNode RegionServer Master RegionServerRegionServer ZooKeeper ZooKeeper ZooKeeper Master Master DataNodeDataNode DataNode RegionServerRegionServerRegionServer Row key Column Family âcontactinfoâ mrossi fname: Mario lname: Rossi zstevens fname: Zack lname: Stevens Regions are served by RegionServers
- 11. 11 Client Write Path Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.11 NameNode DataNodeDataNode Standby NameNode DataNode RegionServer Master RegionServerRegionServer ZooKeeper ZooKeeper ZooKeeper Master Master DataNodeDataNode DataNode RegionServerRegionServerRegionServer 1. Which RegionServer is serving the Region? 2. Write to RegionServer
- 12. 12 Client Read Path Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.12 NameNode DataNodeDataNode Standby NameNode DataNode RegionServer Master RegionServerRegionServer ZooKeeper ZooKeeper ZooKeeper Master Master DataNodeDataNode DataNode RegionServerRegionServerRegionServer 1. Which RegionServer is serving the Region? 2. Read from RegionServer
- 13. 13 HBase API How to access the data
- 14. 14 No SQL Means No SQL Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.14 ⢠Data is not accessed over SQL ⢠You must: ⢠Create your own connections ⢠Keep track of the type of data in a column ⢠Give each row a key ⢠Access a row by its key
- 15. 15 Types of Access Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.15 ⢠Gets ⢠Gets a rowâs data based on the row key ⢠Puts ⢠Upserts a row with data based on the row key ⢠Scans ⢠Finds all matching rows based on the row key ⢠Scan logic can be increased by using filters
- 16. 16 Gets Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.16 1 2 3 4 Get g = new Get(ROW_KEY_BYTES); Result r= table.get(g); byte[] byteArray = r.getValue(COLFAM_BYTS,COLDESC_BYTS); String columnValue = Bytes.toString(byteArray);
- 17. 17 Puts Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.17 1 2 3 4 Put p = new Put(ROW_KEY_BYTES); p.add(COLFAM_BYTES, COLDESC_BYTES, Bytes.toBytes("value")); table.put(p);
- 18. 18 HBase Schema Design How to design
- 19. 19 No SQL Means No SQL Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.19 ⢠Designing schemas for HBase requires an in-depth knowledge ⢠Schema Design is âdata-centricâ not ârelationship- centricâ ⢠You design around how data is accessed ⢠Row keys are engineered
- 20. 20 Treating HBase like a traditional RDBMS will lead to abject failure! Captain Picard
- 21. 21 Row Keys Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.21 ⢠A row key is more than the glue between two tables ⢠Engineering time is spent just on constructing a row key ⢠Contents of a row key vary by access pattern ⢠Often made up of several pieces of data: <group_id><email>
- 22. 22 Schema Design Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved.22 ⢠Schema design does not start in an ERD ⢠Access pattern must be known and ascertained ⢠Denormalize to improve performance ⢠Fewer, bigger tables
- 23. 23 Š2014 Cloudera, Inc. All rights reserved. Jesse Anderson @jessetanderson