The document discusses several factors that influence second language acquisition: the social context, including the status of the first and second languages; the quantity and quality of second language input; the relationship between the first and second languages; age differences in learning capacity; individual aptitude; motivation; and instructional methods. Younger learners may have an advantage in achieving near-native competence due to brain plasticity and time to learn, while older learners' learning is affected by fewer cognitive advantages and less possibility of achieving native-like ability.
2. Social context
The features of the social
context are involved in the
success of the learner status
of L1 and L2, and it
determines the reason of
the studies of the learner.
These factors affect the
attitude and learning
opportunity for the student.
3. A relevant influence on the
success of L2 learning is
determined by the quantity
and quality of L2 input and
interaction. The learner
needs to experience the
target language in a social
context.
4. Relationship of L1 and L2
Many languages have no
relationship between L1 and L2
concerning to genetic, typological
and historical, which may affect to
transfer the vocabulary,
grammatical structure and written
system.
5. Age
Older learners:
Learning capacity,
analytic ability,
pragmatic skills, less
possibility to achieve
near-native
competence.
Young learners: Brain
plasticity, fewer
inhibitions, time to
learn any language,
ability to achieve
near-native
competence
6. Aptitude
The tool to know if a
learner is able to acquire
the target language, to
discriminate the sounds
and if it is able to
differentiate linguistics
systems
