This document discusses cultural changes and multicultural education. It defines multiculturalism as emphasizing unique cultural characteristics, especially as they relate to receiving nations. Multicultural education aims to create equal opportunities for all students from diverse backgrounds. There are four approaches to multicultural education: contributions, additive, transformation, and social action. The document also outlines dimensions of multicultural education, including content integration, knowledge construction, prejudice reduction, equity pedagogy, and empowering school culture.

1. Cultural Changes

2. TOPIC OUTLINE:
Multiculturalism
Multicultural Education
Dimensions of Multicultural Education
The Growth of Student Subcultures

3. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the student should be able
to;
•Explain the concepts of multiculturalism and
multicultural education,
•Identify and explain the four approaches in
multicultural education,
•Describe student subcultures and
•Accept the diverse characteristics and needs of
learners.

4. MULTICULTURALISM

5. Multiculturalism – is a policy that emphasizes the
unique characteristics of different cultures,
especially as they relate to one another in receiving
nations.
A theory about the foundations of a culture
rather than a practice which subsumes cultural
ideas. (Harrison-1984)
A systematic and comprehensive response to
cultural and ethnic diversity, with educational,
linguistic, economic and social components and
specific institutional mechanisms.

6. Multiculturalism – is a public
policy approach for
managing cultural diversity
in a multiethnic society,
officially stressing mutual
respect and tolerance for
cultural differences within a
country’s borders.
Emphasis: Unique
characteristics of different
cultures.

7. Referents of Multiculturalism
1. Demographic-descriptive usage
-occurs where the word multicultural
refers to the existence of linguistically,
culturally and ethnically diverse
segments in the population of a society
or state.

8. 2. Ideological-normative usage
-generates the greatest level of debate
since it constitutes a slogan and basis for
political action.
3. Programmatic-political usage
- refers to the specific policies developed to
respond and manage ethnic diversity.

9. Multicultural Education
An emerging discipline whose aim is to
create equal educational opportunities
from diverse racial, ethnic, social class and
cultural groups.
• A progressive approach for transforming
education that holistically critiques and
addresses current shortcomings, failings
and discriminator practices in education.

10. Goals:
Transform the school so that every students from
diverse cultural, social-class, racial and ethnic
groups experience an equal opportunity to learn.
It help all students to acquire knowledge,
attitudes and skills to function effectively in a
community that works for the common good.
It help all students develop more positive
attitudes toward different racial, ethnic, cultural
and religious groups.

11. Contribution
Additive
Transformation
Social ActionApproaches to
Multicultural
Education

12. Approaches to Multicultural Education:
1) Contributions approach – the ethnic heroes
and holidays are included in the curriculum.
2) Additive approach – a unit or course is
incorporated but no substantial change is made to
the curriculum as a whole.
3) Transformation approach – the entire
Eurocentric nature of the curriculum is changed.
4) Social-action approach – students became
directly involved in solving related problems.

13. Dimensions to Multicultural Education
Content
Integration
Knowledge
Construction
Process
Prejudice
reduction
Equity
Pedagogy
Empowering school
culture and social
structure