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1. Jeromie Caballero
Axiology(Jeromie)
The Theory of Value
 (fromGreek axios, “worthy”; logos, “science”), also called Theory Of Value, the
philosophicalstudy of goodness, or value, in the widest senseof these terms.
 Itcenters upon the nature of different types of value. -include aesthetics, which
investigates the nature of such things as beauty and art; social philosophy and political
philosophy; and, mostprominently, ethics, which investigates both the nature of right
and wrong and the nature of good and evil.
 Axiology is an objective format for measuring intangible attitudes and values.
 Measures the level of development and the types of one’s perceptual biases in one’s
thinking.
 The development of the science makes possiblethe objective measurementof value as
accurately as a thermometer measures heat.
 The term was first used by Paul Lapie in 1902 and Edward Von Hartman in 1908.
Areas of Axiology
Axiology studies mainly two kinds of values: ethics and aesthetics.
 Ethics – investigates the concepts of right and good in individual and social
conduct.
 Aesthetics –studies the concept of beauty and harmony.
Ethics(Heidy)
 Ethics also known as moralphilosophy, is a branch of philosophy that involves
systematizing, defending and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct.
 Ethics is a complement to aesthetics in the philosophicalfield of axiology. In philosophy,
ethics studies the moral behaviour in humans and how one should act.
 While virtually all people are concerned with making ethical judgements and decisions,
philosophers in particular are concerned to
 Explicate the nature of such judgements in general
 Providecriteria for determining whatis ethically right or wrong
 Analysethe reasons wehave for holding them to be correct.
Two Types of Ethical Theory
1. Consequentialist or Teleological Ethical Theory
2. Motivational or Deontological Ethical Theory

2. Jeromie Caballero
Theological and Ethical Theory
 This theory claims that what makes an action right or wrong arethe consequences of
the action; quite simply a “right action” is one which has good consequences and a
“wrong action” has bad consequences.
Deontological Ethical Theory
 This theory holds an opposition to a consequentialist theory that it is not the
consequences but the motivation which prompts the agent to do an action which makes
an action right or wrong. On this type of ethical theory an action motivated by the right
sortof reasons will be “right” no matter whether its consequences are desirable or not,
whereas an action motivated by the wrong sorts of reasons will be a wrong action, even
if its consequences might be considered desirable.
TYPES OF ETHICS (IvyPearl)
 MetaEthics: Itis about the theoretical meaning and reference of moral propositions
and how their truth values may be determined.
 Normative Ethics: Itis about the practical means of determining a moral courseof
action.
 AppliedEthics: Itis about how moral outcomes can be achieved in specific situations.
 DescriptiveEthics: Itis also known as comparativeethics. Itis the study of people’s
beliefs about morality.
AESTHETICS:
 Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of art, beauty and taste,
with the creation and appreciation of beauty. Itis morescientifically defined as the
study of sensory or sensory-emotionalvalues, sometimes called judgements of
sentiment and taste. More broadly, scholars in the field define aesthetics as “ critical
reflection on art, culture and nature”.
Concept Of Aesthetics:
 Introduced into the philosophicallexicon during the eighteenth century, the term
‘aesthetic’ has come to be used to designate among other things, a kind of object, a kind
of judgement, a kind of attitude, a kind of experience and a kind of value.
 whether artworks arenecessarily aesthetic objects;
 how to squarethe allegedly perceptual basis of aesthetic judgements with the fact that
we give reasons in supportof them;
 how best to capturethe elusive contrastbetween an aesthetic attitude and a practical
one

3. Jeromie Caballero
 whether to define aesthetic experience according to its phenomenological or
representational content
 how best to understand the relation between aesthetic value and aesthetic experience.
VALUE (Jeromie)
 Material values –refer to the values of people’s daily necessities, such as commodities
 Spiritual Values – refer to the faculties of intellect, emotion and will or the values of
trueness, goodness and beauty.
KINDS OF VALUE:
 Sungsang Value – is a spiritual value that satisfies the sungsang desire; it consists of
trueness, goodness, beauty and love. Trueness, beauty and goodness arethe values
corresponding to the three faculties of the mind, namely, intellect, emotion and will.
 Hyungsang Value – which satisfies the Hyungsang desire, refers to the value of daily
necessities, such as food, clothing and shelter- called material value or commodity value.
Material value is the value necessary for physicallife or the value that satisfies the
desire of the physicalmind.
Bibliography
 Siddiqui M.H., Philosophicaland Sociological Foundations of Education, A P H Publishing
Corporation, New Delhi.
 Fernandes M.M., The Foundations of Education: The PhilosophicalApproach, Himalaya
Publishing House, New Delhi.
 Das B.N., Foundations of Education, Nil Kamal Publishing House, New Delhi.
 http://www.britannica.com/topic/axiology
PreparedBy:
Jeromie Caballero
Heidy Basiloy
Ivy PearlGudisan

4. Jeromie Caballero
VALUE:
Broadly speaking, values can be categorized as either material values or spiritual values. Material values refer
to the values of people’s daily necessities, such as commodities; in contrast, spiritual values refer to the
faculties of intellect, emotion and will or the values of trueness, goodness and beauty.
Values refer to a quality of an object that satisfies a desire of tile subject. That is, when an object has a certain
quality that satisfies a desire or a wish of the subject and which is recognized as such by the subject, then that
special quality of the object is called value.
KINDS OF VALUE:
Value is the quality in the object that satisfies the desire of the subject. Desires can be divided into Sungsang
desire and Hyungsang desire; as a consequence, there are also Sungsang value and Hyungsang value.
Sungsang value is a spiritual value that satisfies the sungsang desire; it consists of trueness, goodness, beauty
and love. Trueness, beauty and goodness are the values corresponding to the three faculties of the mind,
namely, intellect, emotion and will.
On the other hand, Hyungsang value which satisfies the Hyungsang desire, refers to the value of daily
necessities, such as food, clothing and shelter- called material value or commodity value. Material value is the
value necessary for physical life or the value that satisfies the desire of the physical mind. Physical life is the
basis for file growth of the spirit person and for the fulfilment of the three great blessings. Thus, the
Hyungsang value is a requisite for the realisation of sungsang value.
In this way value includes both Sungsang value and Hyungsang value. Axiology, however, is a philosophical
field that deals primarily with sungsang value.