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Growth Technologies
- 1. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGEAARHUS UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AU TECHNOLOGIES OF THE FUTURE EXPONENTIAL GROWTH
- 2. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING To Educate more Outstanding Engineers on All Levels To Perform Engineering Science Research at the Highest International Level Learn about us – follow the link.
- 3. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU EXPONENTIAL GROWTH An analysis of the history of technology shows that technological change is exponential, contrary to the common-sense “intuitive linear” view. The exponential function: C is the initial amount. t is the time period. (1 + r) is the growth factor, r is the growth rate. y = C (1 + r) t
- 6. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING To Educate more Outstanding Engineers on All Levels To Perform Engineering Science Research at the Highest International Level Associate Professor Martijn J. R. Heck
- 7. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU • MULTI-CORE processors allow for the continuous scaling of Moore’s Law. • Because they overcome bottlenecks of heat dissipation and data synchronization. • Currently: 80 cores are at the high end. It is expected that the number of cores will increase to around one hundred in the next few years and multiple hundreds by 2020. • The maximum number of cores is expected to be around a thousand cores. • Heck’s group is Developing Chip Layouts which incorporate Optical Sources seaking further improvements in Performance and Energy consumption. ENG ECE: PHOTONICS GROUP Heck & Bowers, 2014 Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics
- 8. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU New Chip Designs - new paradigms • Optical approaches as by Heck et al. • Chips are primarely 2D design and it make sence to use the third dimension • Mimicking the Brain and its design The impact of computers will become… COMPUTATIONAL POWER WILL CONTINUE TO INCREASE
- 9. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU Most computers will NOT be computers. How many electric motors do you have in your home? How many did you buy as electric motors? I control several computers, but most computers I control are embedded in cars, remote controls, refrigerators, etc. We will see Smart, or apparently Intelligent Products. Intels computer on stick, 2015
- 10. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING To Educate more Outstanding Engineers on All Levels To Perform Engineering Science Research at the Highest International Level
- 11. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU THE CAR AS AN EXAMPLE TWT in Germany is one of the project’s case companies: They helps car-manufacturers (BMW / Audi) with simulations and models of prototypes. Peter Gorm Larsen: A car built around the turn of the millennium, didn’t contain many computers controlling its functions. A modern car, involves more than 100 different small computers controlling everything from the keys and brakes to cruise control and automatic parking functionality. It is clear that this development provides the car industry with completely new challenges in both the development and the test stages. What do you do when the many computers need to talk to each other? How do you ensure that they adapt as well as possible to the context in which they will be used?
- 12. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU INTELLIGENCE THROUGH ALGORITHMS Agricultural machinery of the future needs to communicate Resources and time to be saved during harvesting if the different field operations and harvesting equipment can be coordinated in a more optimal way
- 13. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU CONSEQUENCE With increasing computational power, system complexity, and with improved algorithms technology will become responsive and demonstrate more complex behaviour: This AUDI autonomously drove across the US
- 14. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING To Educate more Outstanding Engineers on All Levels To Perform Engineering Science Research at the Highest International Level Preben Kidmose
- 15. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU INTERFACING WITH THE BRAIN Preben Kidmose builds this in-the-ear EEG device: It is a Brain-computer interface developed with micro-computers and advanced algorithms that can interpret electrical activity in the brain cells and thereby reveal some mental states An insulin shock detector is one of the many potential applications of the technology The device will protects diabetes patients. Small electrodes measure electrical brain signals and warn the patient if their blood sugar drops to a critically low level
- 16. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING To Educate more Outstanding Engineers on All Levels To Perform Engineering Science Research at the Highest International Level Rune Hylsberg Jakobson
- 17. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU FLEXIBLE USE OF ELECTRICITY NEEDED? Problem: Solar and wind energy is fluctuating. Consumer demand is fluctuating How to minimize a surplus of electricity production & reduce emission of greenhouse gases? Develop an information system placing decision at the consumer level and balance consumers needs and opportunities given to the consumer with actual energy production capabilities Use data analysis to improve understanding – learn - when, how much and in which way energy is used in households Develop algorithms that will informing consumers of alternative choices
- 18. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU CONSEQUENCE With increasing computational power, and with the human brain in the loop our decision process change One impressive technology recently demoed is Skype Translator It provide live translation from one language to another: This is now, what happens with further computational power available?
- 19. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU HYBRID THINKING Ray Kurzweil elaborated in a recent TED talk on what happens when you combine: › Brain machine interfaces › Communication networks › Cloud computing › Increased computational power
- 20. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU Martijn Heck: “You only succeed if you can do it well. If you cannot do it well, basically you have a useless technology”. This attitude, our curriosity drives evolution. Like the chip design evolving through paradigms. It is the Evolution Process which is Exponential, not only Moore’s law. Miniaturization of technology is also an evolution process. The fundamental concepts driving this is our ability to apply Materials and Control their Arrangement. TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IS AN EVOLUTION
- 22. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU US Initiative by Barack Obama, 2011 For many years, the United States has been a dominant player in the discovery of transformative materials that are the basis of entirely new products and industries, yet the time lag between discovery of advanced materials and their use in commercial products can be 20 years or more. At the heart of MGI is the Materials Innovation Infrastructure › Framework for seamlessly integrated Experiments, Computation, Theory › Access to Digital Data › A Well-Equipped Workforce MATERIALS GENOME PROJECT (MGI)
- 23. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING To Educate more Outstanding Engineers on All Levels To Perform Engineering Science Research at the Highest International Level Assoc. Prof. Søren P. Madsen
- 24. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU IMPROVING SOLAR ENERGY PRODUCTION Søren Madsen is building Mathematical Models of the Nano Material and its Layout, solving the Electro Magnetic field equations to get an idea of Electron Transport in the Titanium dioxide layer as Sun Light hits the Surface The Material Development Cycle is reduced as a high number of variation of Silver nanoparticle shapes and layout is virtually tested prior to production in the iNANO clean room We need computational power to test more advanced material systems Johannsen et al. 2015 in Applied Physics Letters
- 25. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU … and you get a self powered camera: The pixel’s photodiode can be used to not only measure the incident light level, but also convert the incident light into electrical energy MERGING SOLAR ENERGY PRODUCTION WITH INTEGRATED ELECTRONICS Nayar, S.K., Sims, D.C. & Fridberg, M., 2015 Towards Self-Powered Cameras. Proceeding of the International Conference on Computational Photography ICCP.
- 26. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING To Educate more Outstanding Engineers on All Levels To Perform Engineering Science Research at the Highest International Level
- 27. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU Microstructure from 3D print: • Shielding of the nanostructure because of the large differences in stiffness needed for transduction and native tissue • Anatomical correct shapes to fit the site of implant Nano: Micro:Same material Combined into a single component Nanostructure: • Bioactivity induced mechanically and chemically. BIOMATERIAL GUIDE CELLS TO BUILD TISSUE
- 28. 25 nm
- 30. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU Functionalized Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering We have established methods to build 3D scaffolds in a manner that enables us to synthesize designs which include functions within the 3D scaffold at all length scales from macro to nano: Advanced functionalization is needed if a scaffold is to succeed with correct tissue regeneration. Regenerated tissue must include inherent functions realized in native tissue. Thus, an integrated design approach is needed. Anatomical correct shapes to fit the site of implant made by the surgeon. Molecular surface modifications to improve cellular signaling and / or nanostructural interaction. Artificial vascularisation to improve perfusion and cultivation of thick tissues. Use of composites to tailor scaffold morphology and improve host integration. mm μm nm Particles Fibers Platelet Porous
- 31. 3D Characterization Nygaard et al. in Biotech. & Bioeng. The history of LevOss – a journey of innovation AcademicCommercial 2006 20132012 2014 2015 2020 Filing of IP Three-dimentional Nanostructured Hybrid Scaffold and Manufacture Thereof. Patent nr. PCT/DK2010/050167 Spun out from University Jan 2012 with Seed investment from SEED capital 2010 HTF Grant 2 M Euro GMP partner and in vivo models Closure of next Seed Round Invitation for X M Euro Building of syndicate Large animal model Mini pig study Weak translation of rabbit data in larger animals Multiple tissues Biomarkers by gene expression Scaffold Production Chen et al. in Acta Biomaterialia MQUL Collaboration Drug delivery system for OA MIT Collaboration Microtia tissue engineering New SAB Prof Mats Brittberg Prof Verdonk Q3 2015 Mechanotransduction hypothesis – cartilage ? Biomarkers by gene expression AU Thesis Mechanics of Stem Cells Filing new IP Injectable PA/2013 70759 Bone Repair Jensen et al. in J. Biomed. Mater. Res. BREAK THROUGH PAPER ENGLER ET AL. 2006 IN CELL MATRIX ELASTICITY DIRECTS STEM CELL LINEAGE SPECIFICATION Nanoporous Deformations Nygaard et al. on Invited Biomechanics Workshop AU Thesis Cartilage signaling siRNA to Stem Cells Andersen et al. in Molecular Therapy Vascularization Wittenborn et al. in J Magn Reson Imaging Nanostructured Scaffold Bjerre et al. on ORS 55th Annual Meeting Cartilage Repair Christensen et al. in Knee Surg. Sports Trauma. Arthroscopy B.Sc Course Design of Medical Devices M.Sc Course Tissue Engineering (first in Denmark) 3D Print with RNA Andersen et al. in Adv. Func. Materials
- 32. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING To Educate more Outstanding Engineers on All Levels To Perform Engineering Science Research at the Highest International Level
- 33. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU FOCUSING ON A SINGLE CELL Peter Kristensen is able to find the few cancer cells between billions of healthy cells in a blood sample The key is a small chip that is able to bind the cancer cells on its surface using antibodies Through selection (image processing) that single cell of interest is identified and the surroundings are destroyed with UV light Access to single cells will enhance our understanding of disease progression and how cell functions and interact
- 34. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING To Educate more Outstanding Engineers on All Levels To Perform Engineering Science Research at the Highest International Level Associate Professor Xuping Zhang
- 35. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU ROBOTIC SINGLE-CELL HANDLING Xuping Zhang builds a robot that works within a microscope With it, he can handle cells: pick-and-place, positioning, rotating, sorting, patterning, identification, inspection, isolation, injection, etc. Specifically he works on an intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) system.
- 36. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU DRUG DELIVERY NANOCOMPOSITE DELIVER SIRNA TO STEM CELL AND CONTROL THEIR DIFFERENTIATION Andersen et al. 2010 Molecular Therapy 18 (11) 2018-2027
- 37. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU DRUG DELIVERY NANOCOMPOSITE DELIVER SIRNA TO STEM CELL AND CONTROL THEIR DIFFERENTIATION Making bone and fat within the same material – in each side, solely by delivering two different siRNA sequences to stem cells (hMSC): Histological sections from the mouse stained with von Kossa (mineralization appears black) and by immunohistochemistry for osteocalcin (osteocalcin appears brown) Andersen et al. 2010 Molecular Therapy 18 (11) 2018-2027
- 38. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU MATERIALS ENGINEERING BIOMATERIALS – SELF ASSEMBLY IN NATURE Fratzl and Weinkamer (2007)
- 39. glass fibers organic kevlar fibers The smallest chip: Michigan Micro Mote Technological evolution continues
- 40. 24TH OF APRIL 2015 FD HEAD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JENS VINGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AARHUS UNIVERSITYAU DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING To Educate more Outstanding Engineers on All Levels To Perform Engineering Science Research at the Highest International Level Learn about us – follow the link.
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Morning – thank you for taking your time to show up. My opportunity to let you know about a recent perspective on Technology and let become a bit more familiar with My Department of Engineering I have taken the liberty to alter the language into English
- We came to this organisation from international standards (Body of Knowledge) on how the Engineering Disciplines is established through history It is combined with the fact coming from that it is people in our organisation who actually do the science.
- The current computational power The computational power to come Passing the computational power of the brain in a mouse 2020 and humans some 2050 ?
- Picture of the Intel Pentium chip Can we continue to improve on this kind of technology, the densification of transistors?
- We agree on that the computational power in computers will continue to grow as predicted. And it will transcent the capability of the human brain to do calculations
- Intel has rather impressively crammed in a quad-core Atom CPU, 32GB of storage and 2GB of RAM, along with a USB port, WiFi and Bluetooth 4.0 support and a mini-USB connector for power. It runs Windows 8.1. What runs the in the computer is code, software. The smartness comes from the algorithms – the code.
- The enabling step in building smart / intelligent products is profound integration of hardware and software.
- http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/industry/engineering/11495706/Driverless-cars-to-create-320000-UK-jobs-and-save-2500-lives.html Driverless cars to create 320,000 UK jobs and save 2,500 lives Britain will get huge economic boost from driverless cars which will also cut death toll on roads, new report predict. Why don’t we see this AUDI on the streets? Because technology is being brought to marked along with comsumer adaptation and willingness to pay for features. Self driving cars tend to make pasengers sick (12%)
- One of the most complex systems that we know of is our brain.
- Accumulating information on Energy comsumption and guide consumers in their behaviour. we create a better balance between our electricity consumption and our electricity production from renewable energy sources.”
- Live translation and live information support will change negotiations, lower barriers and improve conflict handling.
- The transition towards hybrid thinking starts with the Google Glass and Apple Watch and once these technologies is combined with our knowledge on Medical Devices we will get to the hybrid thinking as presented here. It will be great as a scientist in 2040 when my brain together with my exponential growing non-biological cloud brain crack problems.
- Materials Genome Initiative National Science and Technology Council Committee on Technology Subcommittee on the Materials Genome Initiative DECEMBER 2014 Here in Europe we do the same; we call it something else less coordinated, but the X-Ray facility in Lund is one example.
- Ti O2 = Titanium dioxide
- This is an example on how Materials Engineering and System Integration lead to innovation.
- The continued miniturization provide improved sensors in our microscopes letting us see smaller details leading to improved processing – its an evolution Materials Engineering harness computation power to predict materials behaviour during processing or in its final state 3D printing of the macro structure rely on Digital Manufacturing converting 3D geometry into physical shapes
- Turn through a material investigating a single cells frozen while in the process of developing bone. XTM Image from ESRF How long time did it take me to make this image – approximately 2,5 years.
- His chip works according to a simple principle. It contains a canal with fluid through which the patient’s blood is injected. There are special antibodies on the inner surface of the canal that are able to capture the cancer cells in the sample.
- Cells are like Robots. From the Genome they are program using DNA. During the process of decoding DNA in actions, that the cell take, it splises the DNA into RNA as a natural process. You can take advantage of this proces and deliver RNA directly into the cell using nanoparticles and program it.
- BCL2L2 = Osteogenic (BONE) TRIB2 = adipose (FAT)
- Euplectella :
- Not only as miniturization as shown here But also with increase in system integration (complexity) The Michigan Micro Mote is thought as sensor for medican devices, collecting information, proces it and transmitting response using its radio layer.