2. Where did the ideas of our American
values and government come from?
Vocab Slam: What are
the big 5?
3. Who am I?
“we all live in a
‘state of nature’
.......needed to be a
system of government
to protect basic rights
called a ‘social
contract’....... and
these basic rights are
fundamental as
human beings called
‘natural rights’.....”
What does this mean?
5. Extras for
Understanding
If John Locke inspired Thomas
Jefferson, what ideas did he
inspire?
I. Our Roots from ENGLAND
A. People
John Locke: philosopher and political
scientist whose writings influenced many
future thinkers
B. Vocabulary
● State of nature: live naturally with no
laws or government
● Natural rights: rights we have from birth;
life, liberty and property
● Social contract: contract agreed upon by
the people to protect their rights; people
sacrifice some freedoms in exchange for
protection from government
6. Magna Carta: what ideas are in this
document that impacts our country?
Magna Carta:
7. Understanding the
Magna Carta 1215
Vocab cont.
1. Magna Carta: Great Charter,
1215
*contract between king and
the nobles to share power,
the king gives up some of his
power
*rule of law: both the
government and the people
must obey the law
*****representative government:
a type of government where people
are elected to make rules for
everyone
Ex. Parliament
8. Cause/Effect
C. Reasons for the Magna
Carta to the English Bill of Rights
◦ King was too powerful and was
forced to share his power with the
nobles
◦ Creates a representative
government with Parliament: a
body of people to represent the
governed and make laws
◦ Over time, (400 years) more power
is given to the people to allow life,
liberty and property
◦ John Locke inspired the nobles to
create a fair system with natural
rights
9. Compare these rights to our American system? See any similarities?
Vocab Cont.
English Bill of Rights: gave
rights to Englishmen and
limited the powers of the King,
1689
● free elections for representative
government (Parliament)
● allowed to carry weapons
● cannot collect taxes without consent
● cannot interfere with free speech and
debate
● cannot maintain army in time of peace
● cannot require excessive bail and cruel
and unusual punishment 1689
10. What ideas from England will come to
America?
OfftotheNewWorld
11. A Charter?
What are the politics of
the charter that interfere
with the promises?
Economics?
-. charter: a contract is
signed where the British
crown receives mineral
resources and territory in
exchange for an opportunity
to explore new places
-the New World was a source
of raw materials: mercantilism
- Navigation Acts were
passed: a series of trade laws
that limited the colonies rights
to trade with other countries
***the people can decide
how to govern itself and
is GUARANTEED full
rights and privileges of
English men
◦ 3. charter: monarch defines the territory, and the British crown receives mineral resources, territory can decide how to govern itself but GUARANTEED full rights of and priviledges of English men
12. Under the King’s charter…
***the people can decide how to govern itself and is
GUARANTEED full rights and privileges of Englishmen
What does this
mean to have
full privileges?
14. II. Colonial Government
had…
1. Natural Rights
1. Higher Law: English law was higher
than colonial law, but still rule of law
1. Separation of Powers: power of the
government is separated to create
shared government
a. Executive Power: executes the job of
the government, governor
a. Legislative made the laws and
resembled Parliament
a. Judicial: judges the laws under
English rule to handle conflicts
◦ 3. charter: monarch defines the territory, and the British crown receives mineral resources, territory can decide how to govern itself but GUARANTEED full rights of and priviledges of English men
15. Colonial Government cont.
4. Checks and Balances:
power had to be shared
amongst the branches,
allows branches to check
on each other so no branch
becomes too powerful,
***like a King
4. Representative
government: people elect
representatives to be
his/her voice in
government,
ex.) Virginia in 1619
◦ 3. charter: monarch defines the territory, and the British crown receives mineral resources, territory can decide how to govern itself but GUARANTEED full rights of and priviledges of English men
17. In the colonies, what is becoming obvious about their
government and life? How many years have you been in
the New World? How do you identify?
T
h
e
18. French and Indian War
Too often the seeds of future wars
grow from earlier wars. The French
and Indian war is a factor in the the
American Revolution. Why?
19. The British have a reason to…
● Why are the
British taxing the
colonists?
◦ Proclamation Line (1763)
◦ Stamp Act (1765)
◦ Quartering Act (1765)
◦ Declaratory Act (1766)
◦ Boston Massacre (1770)
◦ Tea Act (1773)
20. Cause and Effect…..
Vocab Cont.
G. First Continental
Congress: 12 of 13 colonies
sent representatives to a meeting
in Philadelphia to start making a
unified government…
and then on April 19, 1775…
Lexington and Concord...
22. What, Where, When
Declaration of Independence: a new social contract?
A. Key Vocabulary
1. Second Continental Congress: a group of representatives from each colony meet to
create the goals of the war
2.Declaration of
Independence: document written by five men and Thomas Jefferson to state our beliefs as a
new country, along with wrongdoings of Britian
2. natural rights:
B Location: Philadelphia
C. Important date: July 4th, 1776
23. Who? Key people
● Declaration of Independence: a social contract?
D. People of the Time
1. Thomas Jefferson: a 33 yr. old educated man who
dabbled in all fields: agriculture, philosophy, science, education
*chosen to write the Declaration
*strong, eloquent writer
* known as father of Declaration
2. Founding Fathers: the men at the Continental Congress responsible for
creating the new ideas; they also signed the Declaration, pledging their lives
*Roger Sherman, Ben Franklin, Roger Livingston, John Adams,
Thomas Jefferson
24. Why a Declaration?
● Declaration of Independence, cont.
E. Reasons for the Declaration
1. need for “life, liberty and pursuit of happiness”
* Britian broke the promises of the Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights
2. "all men are created equal”
* wanted to be ruled by the people, social contract
3. throw “unwanted government” out because of broken contract
*no taxation without representation, Boston Massacre, Intolerable Acts
stated the abuses of the King against the colonies
● declared ourselves the United States of America and that we were from here on
forward ‘free and independent’ pledging our lives and honor
25.
26. American Revolution!!!!
Why does this quote
from Thomas
Jefferson explain the
goal of the American
Revolution? Why a
‘tree of Liberty?’
27. ARE: Creating an
Argument
It is one thing to have an opinion, (I do not like spinach) but it
is another thing to argue a point.(St. Luke’s girl’s sports
teams are treat differently…. Because….. For example)
28. A R E
It is a crucial skill in speaking, writing and sharing to support your assertions to
present a logical argument. Here are the key parts…..
A- Assertion (thesis statement)
R- Reasoning (because…….)
E- Evidence (For example……)
29.
30.
31.
32.
33. Articles of Confederation:
-a loose alliance between the 13 independent states
-national government: the people who make the government who run
the country as a whole
-each state had one vote no matter the population
-Confederation Congress: created only one house of legislature with
no executive branch
Positives Negatives
● Helped fight America Revolution
● Helped to write a treaty with
Britian
● A single state can block a law
(ex: Nathan and his lollipop)
● There is no strong national
leader: executive branch to
balance the branches
● No national money with value
and no national bank
