Kurt Lewin's three-stage model of change is summarized as: 1) The "unfreezing" stage where the Indian economy in 1991 was opened up, reforms were introduced, and people experienced sudden change. 2) The "change" stage where initially businesses were bewildered but eventually started understanding and accepting reforms like encouraging private investment and disinvestment in public sectors. 3) The "refreezing" stage where supportive policies reduced recession momentum and encouraged growth through policies like Make in India, formulating laws, and less restrictions.

1. Kurt Lewin’s model of change.
Presented By:
Jay Shah
Student, FMS-B,
The M.S.University of Baroda.
(Organizational Development)

2. - Recognized as “Founder of social psychology”
- One of the first to study group dynamics
and organizational development
- Fantastic model for understanding basics
- For explaining planned change

3. Example used:
Changes made by Narsimha Rao & Manmohan Singh
in the Indian Economy during the year 1991
(Explained from their perspectives)

4. Field Force Analysis: (Diagram)
Driving Forces Restraining Forces
Global pressure Fear of change
Economic Crisis
Functioning of Markets
Modernization
Mundane thinking
Pressure from settled businesses
Influence of foreign economies

5. Refreeze
Change/
Transition
Unfreeze
3 stage Model of change:

6. Unfreezing:
- Opening up of economy
- Beginning of LPG era
- Various reforms introduced
- Sudden change for people
- Small steps in various fields

7. Change:
- Initially bewildered the businessmen
- Gradually people started understanding
- Encouragement to Pvt investments
- Disinvestment in PSUs
- Delicensing
- Accepting foreign capital
- Modified organizational structure

8. Refreezing:
- Supportive actions
- Less restrictions
- Formulated laws
- Reduced recession momentum
- Encouraging policies
- Speed-up of the economy
- Make in India

9. Conclusion:
- Initially chaotic situation
- Assessment of the scenario
- Understanding the need of the hour
- Empowering people by creating awareness
- Taking firm steps
- Solid decisions backed-up by logical reasons
- Successful implementation of the plan
- Timely execution of the policies
- Delighting the economy

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