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Integrated RFIC Front End Architecture for 77 GHz Car Radar
- 1. Integrated RFIC Front End Architecture for 77-GHz Car Radar G. S. Javed, Ph.D. 9 – Jan - 2019 @ConsultantsKing
- 2. Outline • Automotive Radars – 24 GHz vs 77GHz – FMCW Radar Principle • Integrated RFIC Transceiver • Individual Block Units – PA, LNA, VCO, Mixer – Matching Network, LO Distribution, Frequency Doublers RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 2
- 3. Automotive RADARs Functionalities: •Autonomous cruise control (ACC) •ACC support with Stop&Go functionality •Pre-crash sensing •Collision mitigation and avoidance •Parking aid (forward and reverse) •Lane change assistant •Rear crash collision warning Goals: Simultaneous measurement of obstacle range, radial velocity and angle Saponara, Greco, Tutorial, 2012 IEEE Radar Conference RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 3
- 4. Automotive RADAR – 24 vs. 77 GHz 77 GHz is more challenging for designers: given the same technology node performance (gain, NF, ..) at 24 GHz are better but 77 GHz RADAR reduce size, volume, weight and hence cost 77 GHz offers more opportunity for high performance RADAR design: λ is 3 times smaller (few mm) smaller antenna size for a given beam- width spec and/or better angular separability for the same size Combination of high transmit power and high bandwidth available at 77 GHz for long range operation and fine distance separability Due to SiGe and CMOS technologies evolution 77 GHz is affordable 77-81 GHz (under regulation worldwide) offers 4 GHz Bandwidth with EIRP max PSD of - 3dBm/MHz (-9 dBm/MHz outside the vehicle) Saponara, Greco, Tutorial, 2012 IEEE Radar Conference RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 4
- 5. Automotive RADAR – Technical spec (J. Hasch et al., IEEE Tran. Micr Theory Tech, 2012) Saponara, Greco, Tutorial, 2012 IEEE Radar Conference RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 5
- 6. FMCW Automotive RADAR principle Received signal at the ADC Quartz Osc Phase det. fref Loop filter VCO PA 77 GHz Freq. divider X LO LNA RF ampADC FFT & logic Modulation control (B, Tm) Interface UserI/O fbeat f t fbeat TOF f t R TOF=2R/c f t TX RX DSP Target Saponara, Greco, Tutorial, 2012 IEEE Radar Conference RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 6
- 7. FMCW Automotive RADAR equations 43 2 )4( R GGP P rtt r FFT r BWNFTK P SNR r d v f 2 2 )( 2 ff B cT R cpi 2 )( 2 ff f c v c R Receiver power and SNR (min 10 dB required) Range and relative speed detection from batiment frequency analysis (with FFT in digital domain) The FMCW sweep frequency B and the time sweep determine the achievable range resolution and speed resolution Saponara, Greco, Tutorial, 2012 IEEE Radar Conference RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 7
- 8. Source: Fujitsu Laboratories Integrated RFIC Transceiver – 77GHz RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 8
- 9. Source: Fujitsu Laboratories 1.2 x 2.4 mm Date: 12 February, 2009 RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 9
- 10. INDIVIDUAL BLOCK UNITS RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 10
- 11. Power Amplifier • Transformer – based • Power Combiner T.Y.Chang, CICC 2010, DOI:10.1109/CICC.2010.5617399RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 11
- 12. Matching Networks Inter Stage Matching Output Matching T.Y.Chang, CICC 2010, DOI:10.1109/CICC.2010.5617399RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 12
- 13. Passive Mixers A-77-GHz-Frequency-Doubling-Two-Path-Phased-Array, JSSC 2016RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 13
- 14. VCO A-77-GHz-Frequency-Doubling-Two-Path-Phased-Array, JSSC 2016RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 14
- 15. Injection Locked Frequency Doubler A-77-GHz-Frequency-Doubling-Two-Path-Phased-Array, JSSC 2016RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 15
- 16. LO Distribution Network A-77-GHz-Frequency-Doubling-Two-Path-Phased-Array, JSSC 2016RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 16
- 17. LNA A-77-GHz-Frequency-Doubling-Two-Path-Phased-Array, JSSC 2016RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 17
- 18. RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed 18
- 19. Contact: javedg@alum.iisc.ac.in, gsjaved@ieee.org Professional: Senior Member Technical Staff – Circuit Design Terminus Circuits Pvt Ltd Founder, King Consulting and Innovation Labs Co-curricular: Chief Coordinator, IISc Outreach Program, IEEE-IISc SB President, EntIISc facebook.com/Javed.GS.Photography RFIC Front End for 77GHz Car Radar | Dr G S Javed IISc Outreach Program Javed G.S. 19