The theory of analytical exposition, including the communicative purpose, language features, generic structure, example and exercise provided with answers

2. Definition.
• Analytical Exposition can be understood as a text that tries to
provide a comprehensive explanation of a problem by displaying
the opinions that support it carefully.
• Analytical exposition text is a text that elaborates the writer’s idea
about the phenomenon surrounding.
• It means analytical exposition text is a text that contains an idea
about the phenomenon surrounding, supported with some
arguments.

3. Communicative Purpose.
• to try/attempt to influence the reader to believe something by
presenting one side of the argument
• to convince the reader to believe something by giving one side of
opinion only.
• To persuade the readers that something is the case

4. Generic Structure.
• Thesis : In section thesis, the author introduces the topic or main
idea that will be discussed. Thesis has always been in the first
paragraph of analytical exposition.
It is divided into 2 parts :
a. Position: it introduces the topics and shows the writer’s position
b. Preview: it gives a brief outline of the main arguments to be
presented

5. • Arguments : the topic discussed by the author is a very important topic
or need attention. In this section this section the author presents the
arguments or the opinions that support the idea of the author, usually
in a text. Analytical exposition have more than two arguments. The
more arguments appear, the more confident the reader.
It is divided into 2 parts :
a. Point: it restates the main arguments stated in preview
b. Elaboration: it elaborates or gives further supports about the
argument.

6. • Reiteration: This section is always located at the end of the
paragraph. Reiteration contains rewriting or replacement of ideas
that contained in the first paragraph. Reiteration is also commonly
called the conclusion.

7. Language Features.
• Using Simple Present Tense (V1), for example eat, give, drink, etc
• Use word that link argument, such as firstly, secondly, in addition,
furthermore
• It usually contains phrases like “from the fact above”, “personally
believe”, “Therefore, my conclusion is”, “In conclusion”.
• Using modals like can, might, must, and many more
• Using internal conjunction ( moreover, in addition, alternatively)
• Using relational process / linking verb (Be (is, am, are, was, were), feel,
keep, indicate, become, weigh, refer to, seem, remain, stay, reflect, appear,
turn, cost, portray, sound, grow, measure, function, look, go, make, act,
taste, run, realize, reveal, smell, come, denote, represent)
• Using causal conjunction ( because, because of, since, for)

8. Where to Find.
• Scientific books
• Articles
• Academic speech

10. Cars Should be Banned
Thesis Cars should be banned in the city.
As we all know, cars create
pollution, and cause a lot of road
deaths and other accidents.
Modal verbs :
should
simple present tense :
cars create pollution

11. Argument 1 Firstly, cars, as we all know, give
contribution to the most of the
pollution in the world. Cars emit
deadly gas that causes illness such
as bronchitis, lung cancer, and
‘triggers’ off asthma. Some of these
illnesses are so bad, so people can
die from them.
Simple present tense :
Cars emit deadly gas that
causes illness
Link Argument:
Firstly
Causal Conjuction :
so
Modal :
can

12. Argument 2 Secondly, the city is very busy.
Pedestrians wander everywhere
and cars commonly hit
pedestrians in the city, which
causes them to die. Cars today
are our roads biggest killers.
Link argument :
Secondly
Linking Verb
Cars today are our
roads biggest killers.
Internal Conjuction
and

13. Argument 3 Thirdly, cars are very noisy.
If you live in the city, you
may find it hard to sleep at
night, or to concentrate on
your homework, and
especially when you talk to
someone.
Link Argument :
Thirdly
Modals :
May

14. Reiteration In conclusion, cars should be
banned from the city for the reason
listed.
Conclusion phrase :
In conclusion
Modals :
should

16. Social Media are Bad for Teenagers
Social media or social network websites such as Twitter, Instagram, Facebook,
Google Plus and many others have become one of the inescapable aspects of
our modern life, especially for most teenagers. These websites are not just
becoming a part of their world, but it’s indeed becoming their world. They
spend their time more and more on social media. It happens because most of
the teens now have their own smartphone. They can use it to connect to the
internet and access social media freely. They are constantly posting and
uploading status, pictures, and videos on social media. This hyper-connected
habit to social media could lead to some bad effects for them.
Firstly, most teens nowadays stay connected to the internet, accessing social
media the whole time. They always check their social media account on the
smartphone from the time they wake up in the morning till they back to sleep
at night. This “always connected” habit is bad because it could make the risk
they are getting bullied higher. These days, bullying doesn’t only happen in
schools or on buses, but it also has spread over social media. It means, if a teen
is getting bullied in real life, the bully will simply keep doing it online on social
media.

17. Secondly, based on the latest study, teenagers who engage with social media
during the night could ruin their sleep pattern and it would lead to a higher risk of
anxiety and depression. Teens who always online tended to feel that they have to
available online 24 hours. It’s resulting anxiety if they didn’t respond or reply text
or post immediately. It showed that teens are so emotionally devoted on social
media that a fifth of secondary school students would stay awake at night just to
make sure they don’t miss anything on social media.
Lastly, Social media could decrease the real life social interaction because they are
being more comfortable with their online friends. A separate study that was
conducted by the National Citizen Service also found that most girls seek comfort
on social media rather than talking their problem to their parents. The survey also
suggested that girls are likely experiencing stress more often than boys about
twice in a week.
Social media websites are basically created to connect people around the world
easily so they can interact and communicate with each other. However, the
excessive use of social media could lead to some bad effects, especially for
teenagers. As it has been mentioned above that social media could be a bullying
media and make the chance of a teen is getting bullied higher, improve the risk of
getting depressed and anxious, and reduce their social interaction in real life.
Therefore, it obvious that social media are dangerous for teenagers’ health both

18. Question 1 : Which of these statements is
said as the points of arguments?
a. A research found that most people are prefer to seek comfort on
internet to discuss their struggles with elder people.
b. Social media websites are basically created to connect people
around the world easily so they can interact and communicate
with each other
c. The majority of today’s yougsters always use the internet to
access social media.
d. Teens onlined tended to feel that they have to available online
every day.

19. C

20. Question 2 : These are not the reasons why
social media is bad for teenagers based on the
text, except
I. Social media plays important role in the increasing rate of bullying.
II. Social media makes social interaction in real life become worse.
III. Social media helps people to become more emotional.
IV. Social media makes teenagers to wake up late until night.
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I and IV
d. I and II

21. D

22. Question 3 : Why social media can increase
the chance of bullying for teenagers
a. Teenagers who feel depressed and full of anxiety is considered
weird by their friends.
b. Inproper habits are found as the result of using the social media
frequently.
c. Bullying mostly happens in social media rather than school or
buses, according to the National Service
d. Teenagers are easily affected mentally by sensitive comments on
instagram

23. B

24. Question 4 : The writer stated some
features of smartphone, which are ...
a. Uploading pictures, status and videos on social media
b. Chatting and emailing
c. Gaming and searching information from the internet
d. Refreshing and online shopping

25. A

26. Question 5 : In Passage, find the word that
has the closest meaning to “worry”!
a. Anxiety
b. Depressed
c. Excessive
d. Ruin

27. A