Seriously Open Cloud Native Java Microservices

Seriously Open Cloud-
Native Java
Microservices
Jamie Lee Coleman
Software Engineer/Advocate Team Lead
Email: JLColeman@uk.ibm.com
Twitter: @Jamie_Lee_C

Contents
IBM Developer/ May 26th, 2020 / © 2020 IBM Corporation 2
Why move to the Cloud?
What the Cloud offers
Microservices
Eclipse MicroProfile
Contributors
Community
Vendors/Implementations
MicroProfile Technologies
MicroProfile Stack
MicroProfile Core Technologies
A Full Open Stack
Open Liberty Overview
Open J9 Overview
Docker & Kubernetes
Docker
Testing with Containers
Kubernetes
MicroProfile and Kubernetes

Why move to the
Cloud and what is
Cloud-Native?
3

Demand
time
One big server running all the time?

Demand
time

Agile, Microservices,
DevOps & Cloud
+ +C
B
A
+

Microservices
A microservice is an architectural style that
structures an application as a collection of
loosely coupled services
The benefit of having an application made
up of microservices is that it improves
modularity and make it easier to develop,
test and more resilient to changes
Allows teams to work on individual
services
Enables continuous delivery and
deployment per microservice

What is MicroProfile?
● Eclipse MicroProfile is an open-source
community specification for Enterprise Java
microservices
● A community of individuals, organizations, and
vendors collaborating within an open source
(Eclipse) project to bring microservices to the
Enterprise Java community
microprofile.io

MicroProfile
Contributors

MicroProfile Community
● Over a dozen vendors and Java user groups
● 140 individual contributors
● Over half a dozen independent
implementations

Locations of some
MicroProfile
Contributors
13
IBM Developer/ May 26th, 2020 / © 2020 IBM Corporation
Seattle – USA
Ontario – Canada
Canberra – Australia
Stuttgart – Germany
Rochester – USA
Prague – Czech Rep
Newcastle – UK
Munich – Germany
Paris – France
Hursley – UK
Centurion – South Africa
Boston – USA
Sao Paulo – Brazil
Rio de Janeiro – Brazil
Coimbra – Portugal
Amsterdam – Netherlands
Source: MicroProfile.io

MicroProfile Community
Video HangoutsBi-Weekly & Quarterly
General community
Meetings
MicroProfile ProjectsGoogle Groups
YouTube Channel

MicroProfile
Vendors/Implementations

MicroProfile 3.3 Stack
JSON-B 1.0JSON-P 1.1CDI 2.0
Config 1.4
Fault
Tolerance 2.1
JWT
Propagation
1.1
Health
Check 2.2
Metrics 2.3
Open Tracing
1.3
Open API 1.1
JAX-RS 2.1
Rest Client
1.4

MicroProfile Core
Technologies
18 IBM Developer/ May 26th, 2020 / © 2020 IBM Corporation
B
@Path("/brews")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public class BrewsResource {
@POST
public Response startCoffeeBrew(CoffeeBrew brew) {...)
}
JAX-RS

MicroProfile Core
Technologies
REST Client
BA
@RegisterRestClient
@Path("/resources/brews")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public interface BaristaClient {
@POST
public Response startCoffeeBrew(CoffeeBrew brew);
}

MicroProfile Core
Technologies
CDI
BA
@Path("/orders")
public class OrdersResource {
@Inject
CoffeeShop coffeeShop;
...
}

MicroProfile Core
Technologies
JSON-B & JSON-P
A B
...
@POST
public Response startCoffeeBrew(CoffeeBrew brew) {
CoffeeType coffeeType = brew.getType();
...
}
public class CoffeeBrew {
private CoffeeType type;
public CoffeeType getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(CoffeeType type) {
this.type = type;
}
}

MicroProfile Core
Technologies
Open API
A B
openapi: 3.0.0
info:
title: Deployed APIs
version: 1.0.0
servers:
- url: http://grahams-mbp-2.lan:9081/barista
paths:
/resources/brews:
post:
operationId: startCoffeeBrew
requestBody:
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/CoffeeBrew'
responses:
default:
description: default response
components:
schemas:
CoffeeBrew:
type: object
properties:
type:
type: string
enum:
- ESPRESSO
- LATTE
- POUR_OVER

MicroProfile Core
Technologies
JWT
@POST
@RolesAllowed({ "admin", "coffee-shop" })
public Response startCoffeeBrew(CoffeeBrew brew) {...}
BA

MicroProfile Core
Technologies
Fault
Tolerance
A B
@Retry(retryOn = TimeoutException.class,
maxRetries = 4,
maxDuration = 10,
durationUnit = ChronoUnit.SECONDS)
public void startCoffeeBrew(CoffeeBrew brew) {
Response response = baristaClient.startCoffeeBrew(brew);
...
}

MicroProfile Core
Technologies
Config
A B
@ApplicationScoped
public class Barista {
@Inject
@ConfigProperty(name="default_barista_base_url")
String baristaBaseURL;
...
}

MicroProfile Core
Technologies
Health
A B
{
"checks": [
{
"data": {
"barista service": "available"
},
"name": "CoffeeShopHealth",
"state": "UP"
}
],
"outcome": "UP"
}
@Health
@ApplicationScoped
public class HealthResource implements HealthCheck {
...
public boolean isHealthy() {...}
@Override
public HealthCheckResponse call() {
if (!isHealthy()) {
return HealthCheckResponse.named(...).down().build();
}
return HealthCheckResponse.named(...).up().build();
}
}

MicroProfile Core
Technologies
Metrics
A B
@POST
@Counted(name="order", displayName="Order count",
description="Number of times orders requested.", monotonic=true)
public Response orderCoffee(@Valid @NotNull CoffeeOrder order) {
...
}

MicroProfile Core
Technologies
Open Tracing
A B
@Traced
public void startBrew(CoffeeType coffeeType) {
...
}
JAX-RS methods
are automatically
traced by default

MicroProfile 3.3 Stack
Reactive
Streams
Operators 1.1
Reactive
Messaging
1.0
GraphQL 1.0
Context
Propagation
1.0
Standalone Projects
Config 1.4
Fault
Tolerance 2.1
JWT
Propagation
1.1
Health
Check 2.2
Metrics 2.3
Open Tracing
1.3
Open API 1.1
JAX-RS 2.1
Rest Client
1.4

A Full Open Stack
MicroProfile
Open Liberty
OpenJ9

Focus on code
Easy to make fast and iterative changes
Easy to write tests
True-to-production testing (as much as possible)
Ready for containers
Not-in-your-way tools and flexibility

Developer
Experience: dev
mode
Boosts developer productivity
Immediate feedback for code and config changes
No re-build necessary
mvn liberty:dev

Developer-oriented Docs

Open J9 Overview
Designed from the start to span all the
operating systems needed by IBM products
This JVM can go from small to large
Can handle constrained environments or
memory rich ones
Is used by the largest enterprises on the
planet
If any JVM can be said to be at the heart of
the enterprise – its this one.

Containers &
Testing with Containers
37

MicroProfile &
Containers
Containers Kubernetes Istio
Config 1.4
Fault
Tolerance 2.1
JWT
Propagation
1.1
Health
Check 2.2
Metrics 2.3
Open Tracing
1.3
Open API 1.1
JAX-RS 2.1
Rest Client
1.4

Containers
build, ship and run any app,
anywhere
docker build -t ol-runtime --no-cache=true .
docker run -d --name rest-app -p 9080:9080 -p
9443:9443 -v <absolute path to
guide>/start/target/liberty/wlp/usr/servers:/servers
ol-runtime

40
my-app:latest
(app container)
mongo:4.0
(DB container)
Dev/Test env
Production env
integration
tests
end users
my-app:latest
(app container)
mongo:4.0
(DB container)
Testcontainers
• Integration tests that are
easy to setup, write, and run
• Test your apps the same
way they run in production
• Tests are portable to any
compatible implementation:
• Liberty
• Wildfly
• Payara
• TomEE
• etc…

MicroShed Testing
• Integration tests that are easy to setup, write,
and run
• Test your apps the same way they run in
production...in Containers
• Can run multiple containers on same network
(e.g. test DB integration)
• http://microshed.org/microshed-testing/
@MicroShedTest
public class MyTest {
// Search for Dockerfile.
// Start app in Container.
// Wait for Container before running tests.
@Container
public static MicroProfileApplication app
= new MicroProfileApplication()
.withAppContextRoot("/myservice")
;
// Inject JAX-RS REST Client
@Inject
public static MyService mySvc;
// A test method like any other
@Test
public void testMyService() {
...
}
}

Deploying to the Cloud
with Kubernetes
42

Regain control with Kubernetes
Organize and govern the container chaos
Kubernetes
Intelligent
Scheduling
Self-HealingHorizontal
Scaling
Automated
Rollouts &
Rollbacks
Secret &
Configuration
Management
Service Discovery &
Load Balancing

Kubernetes

MicroProfile with Kubernetes
Config
A B
env:
- name: GREETING
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: greeting-
config
key: message
kubectl create configmap greeting-config --from-literal
message=Greetings...
@Inject
@ConfigProperty(name =
"GREETING")
private String greeting;

MicroProfile with Kubernetes
Health
A B
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /health
port: 9080
initialDelaySeconds:
15
periodSeconds: 5
failureThreshold: 1

Recap
MicroProfile
• No vendor lock in
• Full set of cloud ready APIs
• Config
• Health
• Metrics
• Fault Tolerance
• …
• Big community
Open Liberty
• Modular Application server
• Light weight
• Easy to configure
• Jakarta EE 8 certified
• Production ready
• Official Docker images available
• Optimized for development
All Open Source!
Open J9
• Low memory footprint
• Fast startup time
• High application throughput
• Smoother ramp-up in the cloud
• Easy to use Docker images

Thank you
49IBM Developer/ May 26th, 2020 / © 2020 IBM Corporation
Jamie Lee Coleman
Software Engineer/Advocate Team Lead
Email: jlcoleman@uk.ibm.com
Twitter: @Jamie_Lee_C

Seriously Open Cloud Native Java Microservices

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