presentation of literature review concerning Interactive whiteboard adoption and implementation

1. J a m e s P e t e r s e n
E T E C 6 1 1
Dr. Grace Lin
Spring 2011
University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa
Literature Review
Interactive Whiteboards in
Teaching and Learning:
an evolving classroom environment
Sunday, April 28, 13

2. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
A Doctor from 1896...
suddenly
transported to
a modern ER
Trauma
Center would
be lost
Sunday, April 28, 13

3. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
A Teacher from 1896...
Suddenly
transported to
many modern
school classrooms
would know
exactly what to do
Sunday, April 28, 13

4. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
This is changing...
...and a big part of
this change is
from ICT
technologies such
as
INTERACTIVE
WHITEBOARDS
Sunday, April 28, 13

5. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Interactive Whiteboard (IWB)studies
Most early studies of IWB
adoption and use focused
primarily on one of the two
major forces in the classroom;
teachers and students.
Teacher studies deal mainly with
adoption, use, and changes in
pedagogy occurring following the
introduction of the IWB to the
classroom.
Student studies tend to look at attitude,
engagement, and achievement.
Sunday, April 28, 13

6. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Much of the literature from the U.K.
Beginning the 1990s
U.K. Home Office used British
Educational Communications and
Technology Agency (BECTA) to
enhance technology in local authority
schools
BECTA also commissioned studies
of efficacy of Technology
much of the literature from countries
with centralized educational
authorities
Sunday, April 28, 13

7. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Pedagogy...
Many studies drew on
BECTA findings-
concerned with adoption and
infusion of IWB technology and
whether teachers who adopted this
technology developed new
approaches to teaching. (Glover, et al.,
2007)
Of particular interest is to determine
if teachers are actually developing
new ways of teaching or simply
using the new technologies to
supplant older classroom tools.
(Zevenbergen & Lerman, 2008)
Sunday, April 28, 13

8. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Pedagogy...
Stages of adoption
of IWBs
Several investigators have noted that
there seems to be a step-wise
development in the adoption of the
new technology:
•
Stage one: teachers utilize
the IWB as a replacement
for a previously used tool
•
Stage two: teachers begin
to use some of the
interactive features not
previously available
•
Stage three: students utilize
the IWB for knowledge
construction and
communication (Zevenbergen &
Lerman, 2008)
Sunday, April 28, 13

9. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Teacher Development
One study felt that IWB use was
actually a step backward in the
sense that it served to solidify the
role of the teacher as the center of
learning and the classroom since the
teacher had control of the tools of
learning. (2007)
One of the reasons for this
phenomenon is that many teachers
do not progress along the
continuum of competence and
confidence-building and continue to
use the IWB as a very expensive
chalkboard or overhead projector.
(Zevenbergen & Lerman, 2008
Most of the literature points out that
the degree to which the IWB is
integrated in learning and teaching
and the uses to which the tool is put
depend largely on the development
of teacher skills and confidence.
Sunday, April 28, 13

10. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Students- Attitudes and Behaviors
Studies of student attitude toward
IWBs in the classroom generally point
out that increased motivation and
engagement with classroom learning
as being among the main benefits of
IWB classroom use. (Yáñez & Coyle,
2010)
Simply having IWB technology in the
classroom is not an absolute
predictor of enhanced levels of
student learning; even when student
attitudes toward the classroom are
more positive
Sunday, April 28, 13

11. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Student Achievement
Some studies have begun to
investigate whether there is a
causal link between classroom
IWB use and a positive growth
in student achievement.
One of the most extensive of these
was a 2 yr study by the Marzano
Research Laboratory that was
sponsored by a major IWB
manufacturer; Promethean Ltd.
This quasi-experimental, pretest-
postest, non-equivalent group study
used a statistical meta-analysis of
data that derived from classrooms
that utilized the Promethean IWB
Sunday, April 28, 13

12. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Student Achievement
The results of this study
suggested that there was a
positive and statistically
significant correlation
between teacher use of
the IWB and its
“ActivClassroom” system
and a higher level of
achievement among the
treatment groups of
students. (Marzano & Haystead, 2010).
Sunday, April 28, 13

13. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
The Classroom as a System
Rather than examining just changes
in teaching strategies or student
attitudes and outcomes, this
theoretical framework seeks to
describe and develop an
understanding of the impact of IWB
technologies on the interactions of
the parts that make up the system of
the classroom as a cultural entity.
One theoretical framework involves
the study of the classroom from a
socio-cultural perspective. Vygotsky,
Fisher (2006) and Wertsch (1998)
described the role of tools in
mediating human activity,
Sunday, April 28, 13

14. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Classrooms as Systems
...the role of Technology in providing
opportunities to create new kinds of
activities,
skills gained from using the new
tools that create different activities
and strategies and not the tools
themselves
as teachers became more skillful in
the use of the technology, they
developed new ways to interact with
pupils. In many cases, the teachers
observed had adjusted their styles to
be more inclusive and cooperative
in supporting learning activities. (Lewin,
Somekh, & Steadman, 2008).
Sunday, April 28, 13

15. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Systems Perspective...
Another study that utilized a socio-
cultural framework for analysis
concluded that a major strength of
IWBs in the classroom was as an
organizational tool that provides an
environment for whole-class
discussions and exercises.
They found that IWBs provide a more
authentic environment for student
learning by bringing in examples from
the real world through website
access and student interaction.
(Kearney, & Schuck, 2008).
One researcher found that one
students utilized IWBs in
collaborative activities, the
“vicarious presence” of the teacher
in the technology enabled them to
connect with, interpret and act upon
teacher intentions for the task.
Sunday, April 28, 13

16. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Emerging Area for Study
An investigator concluded that the
IWB can provide an environment
conducive to the “creation of a
shared dialogic space within which
co-constructed knowledge building
can take place.” (Warwick, Kershner, & Staarman,
2010).
An emerging area of investigation
involves the study of classrooms
as dynamic systems of
interaction and a complex cultural
environment. The introduction of
tools such as IWBs can have a
significant and profound impact on
this environment and bring about a
number of inter-connected events
that significantly influence the
ways in which teachers teach and
students learn.
Sunday, April 28, 13

17. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Summary of Findings
Most early studies of IWB adoption
and use focused on one of two major
forces in the classroom; teachers
and students.
Teacher studies dealt mainly
with adoption, use, and changes
in pedagogy following the
introduction of IWBs
Student studies tend to look at
attitude, engagement, and
achievement.
Sunday, April 28, 13

18. James Petersen
interactive
whiteboards
Summary...
An emerging area of investigation
involves the study of classrooms as
dynamic systems of interaction
and a complex cultural
environment.
The introduction of tools such as
IWBs can have a significant and
profound impact on this
environment and bring about a
number of inter-connected events
that significantly influence the ways
in which teachers teach and
students learn.
All images in this presentation are either the property
of the author or are licensed under creative commons
fair use policies
Sunday, April 28, 13