reviewer

1. IT-WS01
Web Systems and Technologies 1
Marvin DG. Garcia, MSIT

2. Etiquette in
Technology

3. Etiquette
Etiquette is a term that defined as “Something that
relates to a code of behavior among people within a
group, organization, or society”. It includes behavior
expectations or norms within a society, social class, or
group. Etiquette, by definition, is the concept of what is
good, bad, right, and wrong.
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4. Netiquette
Netiquette is a made-up word from the words net and
etiquette. Netiquette thus describes the rules of conduct
for respectful and appropriate communication on the
internet.
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5. Netiquette
Netiquette is often referred to as etiquette for the
internet. These are not legally binding rules,
but recommended rules of etiquette. Netiquette is mostly
used for dealing with unknown people on the internet.
The rules of netiquette very depending on
the platform and its participants . Generally, it is up to
the operator of a website or communication app to
specify the type and scope of netiquette. It is also their
responsibility to monitor compliance with these basic
rules and to penalize violations of them.
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6. Here are the basics of netiquette and some of these
guidelines may be repeated in various forms:
• Writing in ALL CAPS in an online environment is the
same as shouting. Do not SHOUT. Remember: The
person on the other end of a digital communication
cannot see your expression and hear your tone of
voice.
The basics of Netiquette
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7. • Cool off before responding to message in anger. You
will probably regret what you wrote and it is hard to
take it back once it is written and sent.
• Check messages for misspellings and misstatements.
• Respect each other’s privacy and your own
• Use a clear and understandable email subject line.
• Adjust your tone and style to the situation.
The basics of Netiquette
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8. • Do not forward private messages to people they were
not intended for or copy others on replies to personal
messages.
• Keep messages short and to the point.
• No email is totally private – think of an email message
as a postcard being sent through postal service. It is
unwise to send very personal or sensitive information
through email.
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9. • A good rule of thumb to use with email is, do not put it
in email if you would be embarrassed by your
message being read out loud to your mother or
grandmother in a crowd of people.
• Pat attention to grammar and spelling. Though email
is less formal than a report for class, people will form
an opinion of you based on how you write.
The basics of Netiquette
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10. • Sign all emails with your name to avoid confusion. Do
not assume people receiving email will recognize your
nickname ,or just a first name.
• Before sending a message, consider whether you
would say what you have written to the person’s face.
The detached nature of email will sometimes
embolden people to say things they would never say
in person.
The basics of Netiquette
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11. • Instead of hitting Send when you are angry or hurt, you
may consider pressing the “Save to Drafts” button
instead. You can then come back and open the
message later to review it when you are calm, and
then edit if necessary before sending the message.
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12. • It is much easier to delay sending an email that it is to
try to repair the damage from hurtful message.
• If you really cannot help typing a furious response, do
not send it immediately. Walk around the block, do
some homework or watch TV, then reread your
message and tone it down before sending.
The basics of Netiquette
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13. • It is much easier to delay sending an email that it is to
try to repair the damage from hurtful message.
• If you really cannot help typing a furious response, do
not send it immediately. Walk around the block, do
some homework or watch TV, then reread your
message and tone it down before sending.
The basics of Netiquette
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14. • Pay careful attention to where your reply is going; do
not hit “reply all” if you really only want to respond to
sender. If a personal message ends up on a mailing
list or listserv, it may be embarrassing for you and
annoying for the other list members.
The basics of Netiquette
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15. • You will invite spam to your inbox if your post your
email address to random web pages. Only post your
email on sites where your are registering to use a web
tool, or trusted websites you use regularly. Do not use
email address to enter contests or other drawing like
events.
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16. For Social Networkifig, keep this general tips in mind
whenever you log on to different Social Media websites
where you are posting or contributing to discussion:
• Act like you would ifi real life. Just because you are
hiding behind a computer does not mean that people
are not going to connect what you say online with you
are as a real person. How you act on social media
sites is often the most direct way that people will
perceive you.
The basics of Netiquette
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17. • Be extra polite. You would not make nasty comment
to a person you just met at school or work. In a face-
to-face situation you had probably want to seem
friendly and helpful. Apply same attitude to your social
media activity.
• Do fiot ask for favors. Once you have established with
an online contact, you can ask for advice or help, but
do not log on just to ask people to do your work for
you.
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18. • Follow the Goldefi Rule. Treat others the way you want
to be treated, and you will develop a reputation for
being a worthy friend.
• Remember that there are boufidaries. Not everyone
you are following – or who is following you – is your
personal friend, so avoid talking about health
problems and mushy stuff.
The basics of Netiquette
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19. Facebook. Facebook-specific rules address photos,
tagging, and all those applications:
• Do not cyber-stalk
• Do not send apps
• Do not write private messages on wall posts
• Edit your photo choices
• Be careful who you tag
• Write clear status updates
The basics of Netiquette
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20. • Be respectful of the relationship status
• Avoid chain status updates
• Grammar and communication
• Know what @ means
• Use the word not the number
• Do not make stupid mistakes
• Edit your work
• Avoid excessive exclamation points
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21. • Always be honest
• Know which rules you can break
• Do not be a Keyboard Gangsta (AKA Internet Troll)
• Add value to the site
• Do not sabotage other’s efforts
• Listen to others
• Be accountable for your actions
• Be NICE.
The basics of Netiquette
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23. Internet

24. The Internet, also called the Net, is a global system of
interconnected computer networks that use the standard
Internet Protocol suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users
worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of
millions of private, public, academic, business, and
government networks, of local to global scope, that are
linked by a broad array of electronic wireless, and optical
networking technologies. The internet carries a vast range
of information resources and services, such as interlinked
hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and
the infrastructure to support electronic mail.
Internet
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25. Internet
A network is a group of two or more computer systems
linked together. There are two main type of networks:
• Local Area Network. A LAN is two or more connected
computers sharing the resources in a relatively small
geographic location, often in the same building.
Examples include home networks and office networks.
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26. Internet
• Wide Area Network. A WAN typically consists of two of
more LANs. The computers are farther apart and are
linked by telephone lines , dedicated telephone lines, or
radio waves. The Internet is the largest Wide Area
Network in existence.
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27. Evolution of the Internet
Paper was the main medium used for information sharing
and horses the main carrier for that medium. But science
kept working, and in 1
8
3
1 Joseph Henry invented the first
electric telegraph. Four years later, Samuel Morse invented
the Morse Code, and worked on the very first long-distance
electric telegraph line.
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28. Evolution of the Internet
A bigger leap in communication progress was made by
Alexander Graham Bell , who patented the electric
telephone in 1876. Long distance communication was
finally a reality, but still archaic compared to what was to
be achieved.
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29. Evolution of the Internet
With the arrival of computers in the mid twentieth century,
people realized the potential of storing and processing
data in those amazing new machines. Furthermore, the
United States and the Soviet Union were deep in the Cold
War, and the fear of a possible strike was constantly
present. Prior to 1957, computers only worked on one task at
a time. This limitation, called batch processing, was
bypassed when the idea of time-sharing emerged.
Timesharing allows for a single computer to be operated
by multiple users at once. This discovery established the
groundwork for information communication.
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30. Evolution of the Internet
The origins of this method can be traced to the Defense
Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) which was
founded in 1958. One of DARPA’s first projects was to plan a
large-scale computer network to increase the rate of
information exchange. Scientists and researchers used it to
communicate and share data with one another through
what was known as DARPANET (Defense’s Advanced
Research Projects Agency Network). This was in response to
the Soviet Union bombings and a need to create a
communication network which was free from interference
and disruption.
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31. Evolution of the Internet
The Internet began in 1969 as a project of the U.S.
Department of Defense called ARPANET, or Advanced
Research Projects Agency Network. The goal of this project
was to design a nationwide computer network that could
withstand major disasters. If one part of the network was
destroyed, the other parts would continue to function due
to the decentralized structure of the network.
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32. Evolution of the Internet
In the Internet's early days (the 1960s and 1970s), only
government, military, and educational institutions had
computers connected to the Internet. The Internet was
originally designed for research and scholarly
communication. But as it grew, its services became more
popular, and new ways of using the Internet multiplied.
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33. Evolution of the Internet
By the end of the 1970’s, a computer scientist name Vinton
Cerf had began to develop a way for all computers all over
the world to communicate with each other with the use of
“Transmission Control Protocol” or TCP. TCP/IP was
described to be the “handshake” between computers all
over the world. It enabled each computer to have its own
identity.
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34. Evolution of the Internet
In 1991,Tim Berners-Lee introduced the World Wide Web: an
internet that was not simply a way to send files from one
place to another but was itself a “web” of information that
anyone on the Internet could retrieve. Berners-Lee created
the first browser and the Internet we know today.
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35. The World Wide Web
In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee presented the World Wide Web to
the Conseil Europeen de Recherche Nucleaire (CERN;
European Organization for Nuclear Research). The idea
was to come up with a set of standards for information
sharing that scientists around the world be able to use.
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36. The World Wide Web
The goal was to be able to have all research documents in
a format and location accessible to all interested
regardless the platform being used. In 1994 the World Wide
Web Consortium (W3C) was created to lead the World
Wide Web to its full potential.
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37. The World Wide Web
The World Wide Web (WWW), or Web, consists of a
worldwide collection of electronic documents. Each
electronic documents on the Web is called Web page,
which can contain text, graphics, animation, audio and
video. Additionally, Web pages usually have built-in
connections to other documents. Some Web pages are
static (fixed); others are dynamic (changing).
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38. The World Wide Web
A Web site is a collection of related Web pages and
associated items, such as documents and pictures, stored
on a Web server. A Web server is a computer that delivers
requested web pages to the browser.
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39. The World Wide Web
A Web browser, or browser, is application software that allows users
to access and view Web pages. It also interpret the page sent back
by the Web server and display it on the monitor of the computer.
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40. Connecting to the Internet
Many home and small business users connect to the
Internet via a high-speed broadband Internet service.
Examples of broadband Internet service include cable, DSL
fiber, radio signals, and satellites.
 Cable Internet service, provides high-speed Internet
access through the cable television network via a cable
modem.
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41. Connecting to the Internet
 Fixed wireless, provides high-speed Internet connections
using a dish-shaped antenna to communicate with a
tower location via radio signals.
 Cellular radio network, offers high-speed Internet
connections to devices with built-in compatible
technology or computers with wireless modems.
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42. Connecting to the Internet
 A Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity), network that uses radio signals to
provide high-speed Internet connections to compatible or
properly equipped wireless computers and devices.
 Satellite Internet service, provides high-speed Internet connections
via satellite.
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43. How the Internet works?
Computers connected to the Internet work together to
transfer data and information around the world using
servers and clients and various wired and wireless
transmission media. On the Internet, the computer is the
client that can access data, information, and services on a
variety of servers. Internet backbone serves as major
carriers of network traffic in the Internet.
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44. How the Internet works?
Computers connected to the Internet work together to
transfer data and information around the world using
servers and clients and various wired and wireless
transmission media. On the Internet, the computer is the
client that can access data, information, and services on a
variety of servers. Internet backbone serves as major
carriers of network traffic in the Internet.
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45. IT-WS01. NEUST

46. How the Internet works?
The Web relies on these mechanism:
 Protocols, set of standards used to access resources via
the Web.
 Universal Resource Locator (URL), uniform naming
scheme for Internet resources.
 HTML, document formatting language used to design
most Web pages.
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47. How the Internet works?
 CGI, Common Gateway Interface, is a standard way for
a web server to pass a web user’s request to an
application program and to receive data back to
forward to the user.
 Servlet, Application run by a server connected to the
WWW. It is one of the most popular avenues for Java
development today.
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48. Protocols
Standard set of rules that governs how computers
communicate with each other. HTTP (HyperText Trafisfer
Protocol ) is the underlying protocol used to transmit
information over the Web. HTTP is based on request-
response paradigm:
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49. Protocols
Connection: Client establishes connection with Web server.
Request: Client sends request to Web server.
Response: Web server sends response (HTML document) to
client.
Close: Connection closed by Web server.
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50. URL
The Ufiiform Resource Locator or URL is the most
recognizable part of the web. An example of a fully
qualified domain name is www.veresoftware.com. A
domain name is commonly used now to identify
companies, market to individuals, and find your favorite site
on the web. A URL starts with “http://,” which identifies the
protocol to be used on the Internet and stands for
hypertext transfer protocol.
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51. URL
After the protocol usually comes the designator WWW,
which we all know now stands for World Wide Web. Adding
the WWW can be optional today because most browsers
today will add the WWW. Additionally you may encounter
WWW2 or WWW3 prior to a web address. These addresses
and other prefixes can be used by an organization to
identify other web content or websites, but don’t refer to
any standards or Internet protocols.
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52. URL
After identifying the protocol to be used, the domain name
is the next significant part of the URL. The domain name is
the registered name that identifies the location the
browser will request information from on the Internet. A
domain is formatted like veresoftware. At the end of the
domain is the top level domain (TLD).
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53. URL
TLDs are what the user commonly identifies as the end of
the domain registration. The TLD identifies the highest level
of the hierarchical structure of the URL. TLDs historically
included the commonly recognized.com, .org, .mil, .edu.
Over the past several years, mainly due to the increasingly
diminishing English language domain availability
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54. AERO JOBS
AR MIL
ARPA MOBI
ASIA MUSEUM
BIZ NAME
CAT NET
COM ORG
COOP POST
EDU TEL
GOV TRAVEL
INFO XXX
URL
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55. URL
Country codes will appear after the TLD as a designator of
the country to which the domain is registered. Country
codes are by standard a two letter code at the end of the
URL.
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