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PLAGIARISM SCAN REPORT
Date 2020-04-12
Words 161
Characters 991
Content Checked For Plagiarism
Stereolithography (SLA) is one method of many used for 3D
printing. There are roughly 30 different processes for additive
manufacturing
(commonly called 3D printing) used for different materials from
plastics, metals, ceramics, clay, concrete, chocolate, pancake
batter and other
foodstuffs, paper, and sand (silica) to living tissue and cells.
SLA was one of the earlier 3D methods first developed around
1984. Commercial
SLA printers originally cost hundreds of thousands of dollars,
but can now be purchased for a few hundred or a few thousand
dollars or even
built at home for less [1]. In the SLA process a liquid material
called a photo-polymer is exposed to light from a laser, from a
digital projector,
or from another focused optical source. The radiation causes the
material to solidify (or cure) where the light hits it. When the
full object has
been “drawn”, it is removed from the tank holding the liquid
polymer. And there you have your “heart’s desire” in your hand.
Matched Source
Similarity 89%
Title: What is stereolithography used for? - Quora | How it
works: SLA
stereolithography (sla) is one method of many used for 3d
printing. there are roughly 30 different processes for additive
manufacturing
(commonly called 3d printing) used for different materials from
plastics, metals, ceramics, clay, concrete, chocolate, pancake
batter and
other...
https://www.quora.com/What-is-stereolithography-used-for
Similarity 12%
Title: 1 John commentary - Scripture Verse By Verse
... and a coke and unwraps it for you and puts it in your hand
don't blame him if ... A hatred for sin; a desire to please God
and confession
when we fail are ... If you hate someone you have murdered
them in your heart as far as God is concerned. ... fact that Jesus
is God and
savior and there you have your three witnesses. 9.
https://www.thebibleversebyverse.com/1-john-commentary.html
100%
Plagiarised
0%
Unique
https://www.quora.com/What-is-stereolithography-used-for
https://www.quora.com/What-is-stereolithography-used-for
https://www.quora.com/What-is-stereolithography-used-for
https://www.thebibleversebyverse.com/1-john-commentary.html
https://www.thebibleversebyverse.com/1-john-commentary.html
https://www.thebibleversebyverse.com/1-john-commentary.html
Motivation and Emotion:
Driving Consumer Behavior
Chapter 5
Motivation
Types:
Homeostasis
Maintain yourself in a current acceptable state
Self improvement
Desire to change yourself to a more ideal state
Exercise
Think of something of something you have purchased because
you wanted something thing to remain the same (homeostasis)
Think of something you have purchased because you wanted
something to change (self improvement)
Other ways to look at motivations
Utilitarian
Desire to acquire products that can be used to accomplish things
Hedonic
Desire to experience something personally gratifying
Exercise
Think of something you have purchased for hedonic motivations
Think of something you have purchased for utilitarian
motivations
Exhibit 5.2: Utilitarian and Hedonic Motivations Lead to
Consumer Behaviors
http://www.pinterest.com/pin/26458716532571120/
Consumer Involvement
Types:
Product
Shopping
Situational
Enduring
Emotional
Product Involvement
Tied to amount of risk associated with buying it (financial or
social)
Shopping Involvement
The more involved with shopping the more likely you are to
compare prices, brands, stores, etc.
Ways to influence shopping involvement
Sales
Events
Gifts with purchase
Special discounts
Contests
Free samples
How to facilitate situational involvement
Have personal shoppers
Provide buying guides
Have videos available
Have knowledgeable salespeople
Enduring Involvement
Examples:
Following a sports team or musical group
Collecting things
Buying fashion magazines, watching fashion programs and
buying the latest clothes trends
Pursuing a hobby
Playing a sport
Ways to encourage enduring involvement
Owners groups
Harley Davidson, Corvette, Mini Cooper
Rewards programs
Email subscriptions
Members only offers
Sell limited edition items
Offer early access to tickets, VIP passes
What are emotions?
Specific psychobiological reactions to human appraisals
In other words how we react to things
Other Emotion-based Terms
Mood
Transient (temporary) and general affective state
Affect
Feelings a consumer experiences during the consumption
process
Brand Intimacy Study
Study conducted to investigate the relationships between
emotions and brand purchases
Tries to gage how much consumers are willing to live without a
brand and how much more they are willing to pay for it
Using Emotions in Marketing
Mr. White wears eye-tracking glasses and sits in front of a
camera that records facial expressions as he shops on Vrbo’s
vacation rental site with a phone. Facial-recognition software
identifies different emotions, and correlating that with what Mr.
White looks at tells researchers how travelers react to particular
features on the screen. PHOTO: JULIA ROBINSON FOR THE
WALL STREET JOURNAL
Tracking precisely where an eye is focused lets researchers
analyze different elements of a screen, such as whether a picture
helps close a sale or a navigation marker is
overlooked. PHOTO: JULIA ROBINSON FOR THE WALL
STREET JOURNAL
Matt Hirschy, a frequent Amtrak passenger, wears several
sensory devices on a Northeast Regional ride from Washington,
D.C., to New York. Amtrak recruited Mr. Hirschy to participate
in biometric tests of what passengers like and dislike to help
design new railcars. A camera follows facial expressions, an
eye-tracker records what he looked at and a galvanic skin
response unit on his fingers measures heart rate and oxygen
level on his skin.
Data from the eye-tracking on Mr. Hirschy shows not only what
he looked at during his ride, but also how long he looked at
different items. The larger the circle, the more time spent
looking at that item.
Article – Your Next Vacation is Written on your Face
List and briefly describe at four of the technologies that are
mentioned in the article
How do these technologies enable researchers to gain more
insights than was previously possible through other research
methods like surveys and focus groups?
What is the most important determinant of customer satisfaction
on airplanes and trains? Why?
What specific actions can travel companies take to improve
their customers' experience after gaining research insights from
these methods?
Plant-Based Meat Makers Want to Put Fake Pork on Your Fork
Impossible Foods to introduce imitation ground pork and
sausage, including patty for Burger King
An Impossible Foods plant-based pork
bao. PHOTO: IMPOSSIBLE FOODS
ByJacob Bunge and Heather Haddon
Updated Jan. 6, 2020 9:39 pm ET
After biting into the U.S. burger business, plant-based food
makers are targeting pork.
Impossible Foods Inc. said Monday that it will introduce
imitation ground pork and sausage, including a patty for a new
sandwich at dozens of Burger King restaurants later this month.
Rival Beyond Meat Inc. BYND +4.51% last year began
supplying plant-based sausage to Dunkin’ Brands
Group Inc., DNKN +0.64%Carl’s Jr. and Tim Hortons
restaurants, mainly for breakfast sandwiches.
Impossible, Beyond and other meat-alternative developers say
their products spare livestock and are better for the environment
than meat because they require less grain, water and fuel to
produce. The companies first worked on beef because they said
it is one of the most environmentally intensive meats to
produce. Pork is the world’s most widely consumed meat,
according to the U.S. Agriculture Department. Plant-based food
makers are also developing chicken and seafood alternatives.
“Pork being the ubiquitous meat it is felt like the natural way to
continue our mission,” David Lee, Impossible’s chief financial
officer, said in an interview.
Meat-free burgers, sausages and nuggets represent a fraction of
overall meat consumption. But their sales are growing much
faster than those of traditional meat. Cases of plant-based
proteins shipped to commercial restaurants from broadline food
distributors increased by 23% in the year ending in November,
according to market-research firm NPD Group. Restaurants say
the products have helped boost traffic and buzz.
That growth has drawn pushback from livestock producers.
Farm groups have urged regulators to block the use of words
like “meat” and “pork” to describe plant-based imitations,
arguing that consumers could be misled about their contents.
Impossible’s pork alternative is made from soy, coconut oil and
starch by the same processes used to make the Impossible
Burger that is now sold in 17,000 restaurants. Soy
leghemoglobin, the protein that Impossible said helps its
burgers taste meaty, is a key ingredient in the pork mimic too,
Mr. Lee said. The Impossible product, labeled “pork made from
plants,” could draw meat-industry opposition. “What’s
impossible is to make pork from plants. This is a brazen attempt
to circumvent decades of food labeling law and centuries of
precedence,” said Dr. Dan Kovich, science and technology
director for the National Pork Producers Council, a trade group.
Mr. Lee said Impossible’s use of the word pork aligns with U.S.
food regulations. “We want meat eaters to understand this can
be used just the same way as any pork product,” he said.
Burger King, which like Tim Hortons is owned by Restaurant
Brands International Inc., said it would begin testing
Impossible’s “pork” sausage on a breakfast sandwich at 139
restaurants in five markets later this month. The “Impossible
Croissan’wich” will feature plant-based sausage on a toasted
croissant with an egg and cheese. It will sell for the same price,
$3.49, as that sandwich with a traditional pork patty. The
restaurants will sell the sandwich in Savannah, Ga.,
Albuquerque, N.M., Montgomery, Ala., Lansing, Mich. and
Springfield, Ill., Burger King said.
The Impossible Croissan’wich can help improve performance at
breakfast, a meal that accounts for roughly 15% of its sales,
said Fernando Machado, Burger King’s chief marketing
officer. McDonald’s Corp. makes a bigger chunk of its sales
from breakfast, and Wendy’s Co. is introducing a morning menu
nationally this year.
The plant-based products are coming to market as the global
pork industry is in flux. African swine fever, a disease deadly to
pigs but not dangerous to humans, has caused the death and
slaughter of tens of millions of hogs in Asia, according to the
USDA. “We felt the pressure of great global demand,” Mr. Lee
said. He said Impossible also wants to reach the estimated 2.5
billion people world-wide who don’t eat pork due to dietary and
religious restrictions.
https://www.wsj.com/articles/plant-based-meat-makers-set-
sights-on-pork-11578356056
Lab Report Guidelines
Title Page
Include the lab title, lab number, your Lab Group number,
experiment date(s), course,
instructor, University, team member names, and a brief
summary of team member
contributions. Format it so that it is centered in the page.
Formatting
• Font: 12-point Times New Roman
• Text alignment: Justified
• Indentation: 0.3” First line
• Other formatting: see attached image below
• Abbreviations and Acronyms: Define abbreviations and
acronyms the first time they are
used in the text.
• Figures and Tables: All figures and tables should be legible.
Make sure that all figures and
tables your own works. Don’t copy and paste them from lab
instructions.
• Heading: Bold 14-point Times New Roman (Subheadings are
bold 12-point and should not
be numbered).
• Reference style: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical
Engineering (I highly recommend to
use EndNote software to manage references, which is free to
WSU students!)
An example of the reference style:
[1] D. J. Gottlieb et al., “Sleep deficiency and motor vehicle
crash risk in the general
population: a prospective cohort study,” BMC Med., vol. 16, no.
1, 2018, Art. no. 44.
Introduction
• Successfully provides background information and establishes
the scientific concept of
the lab
The introduction serves to provide the reader with the necessary
background information
needed to understand the experiment, establishes the scientific
concepts, and provides the
rationale for doing the experiment.
Background information - In this paragraph you provide the
reader with information on
what has been done in the past regarding your objective. It is
your opportunity to inform
the reader of the theory and/or key concepts the experiment will
demonstrate or examine.
It is also the place where you demonstrate your credibility by
showing that you have done
the necessary research to understand the topic. The background
information paragraph of
the Introduction can be thought of as a sales pitch. For
example, “Previous work in the
field of XYZ has shown that . . . These findings indicate that . .
. An area that warrants
further examination is. These statements should be leading up
to your objective statement.
Establish the scientific concept for the lab - State what the lab
is about, that is, what
scientific concept (theory, principle, procedure, etc.) you are
supposed to be learning about
by doing the lab.
• Effectively presents the hypothesis/objectives of the lab
The objective is the most important component to any
experiment and lab report. It is a
statement of the objective, goal, or purpose of the experiment. It
is a one or two sentence
answer to the question: “What do you hope to accomplish with
this experiment?”
Formulate your objective statement before you begin writing the
report - invest some time
In a paragraph, or more, write out the objectives of the lab in
paragraph form and then
describe the purpose of the lab: what it is that accomplishing
the objectives will help you
learn about the scientific concept of the lab.
The objective(s) are what it is you are supposed to accomplish
in the experimental
procedure itself. The objective(s), therefore, is usually
presented in terms of a specific verb
that describes what you are supposed to be doing in the lab,
such as to measure, to analyze,
to determine, to test etc. Often, the objective(s) for the lab is
given in the lab manual. If
you are having trouble phrasing the sentence about objectives,
try something like: "The
main objectives of this lab were to…"
• Effectively presents the rationale/purpose of lab
Provide the reader with the reason for performing the
experiment (not ”because the teacher
told me too”). Identify what will be learned and why it is
important. Focus your
explanation on the science and how it relates to your objective.
The purpose/rationale of the lab is different in significant ways
from its objective(s).
Purpose provides the wider view; it answers the why question,
why you are doing the lab
in the first place. Instead of focusing just on the specific actions
of the experimental
procedure, purpose looks at the experimental procedure within
the context of what you are
supposed to be learning. Go back to what you have written
about the scientific concept
and look for a link between it and the activities you are
expected to perform in the lab:
what specifically about the scientific concept were these
activities designed to teach you?
Materials & Methods
• A good Methods section describes what you did in the lab in a
way that is easy to understand
and detailed enough to be repeated but is not written as a set of
instructions. Record what
you did to meet the Objective.
• Be specific enough such that someone could read your
methods and have enough information
to repeat your experiment. However, you don’t want to provide
too much detail such that
you overwhelm the reader with trivial information. Include
information that might be unique
to the experimental methodologies.
• The Procedures should be written in the past tense and the
passive voice – e.g. “the sample
was added to the test-tube”, and not “I added the sample to the
test-tube”, nor “Add the
sample to the test-tube”. You are reporting what was done, not
giving instructions on how
to do something.
• Images can help to deliver visual information (e.g.,
experimental setup) you are trying to
convey.
• Don’t copy and paste sentences and/or images from lab
instructions.
Results
• opens with effective statement of overall findings
Results sections typically begin with a brief overview of the
findings. This is where you sum
up your findings. Such a statement is typically a sentence or
two. This summary will act as
the opening sentence for the Results. If you had trouble getting
the first sentence started, here
are some possibilities: "The results of the lab show that …";
"The data from the experiments
demonstrate that…"; "The independent variable X increased as
Y and Z were….". The
Results section is text based. Tables and figures do not
comprise the Results section, they
enhance it. In the Results section, you need to tell the reader
what data you have collected,
what the data means, and what the data shows. You should
refer to figures and tables to aid
in your presentation.
• present visuals clearly and accurately
Figures and Tables should be numbered (figure should have
captions, while tables should
have headings) and should be referred to in the text before they
appear in the report. Graphs
should have the x- and y-axes labeled and units designated
along those axes. Images should
have important parts of the image labeled or annotated.
• presents verbal findings clearly and with sufficient support
The presentation of findings in words should be ordered
according the order of the visuals,
each visual being described in words. Each description should
include a sentence or so
summarizing the visual and then any details from the visual
pertinent to the data from that
visual. To make the verbal part of your Results better, follow
this general outline:
• Summary of overall findings of lab
• Paragraph related to visual 1
o Sentence of overall finding from visual 1
o Sentence(s) with key details from the visual 1
• Paragraph related to visual 2
o Sentence of overall finding from visual 2
o Sentence(s) with key details from the visual 2
• Paragraph related to visual 3
o Sentence of overall finding from visual 3
o Sentence(s) with key details from the visual 3 Etc.
• successfully integrates verbal and visual representations
The verbal representation of each visual should refer explicitly
to the visual (Table 1, Figure
2, etc.). You should create the sense that the visual and the
word representations of data are
working together. The primary way of doing that is to cite the
visuals in your verbal findings.
Discussion
• opens with effective statement of support of objectives
The Discussion section is where you explain the meaning and
significance of the results
presented in the Results section in terms of your Objective. The
Discussion should start with
a sentence or two in which you make a judgment as to whether
you have met your
objectives (from the Introduction), supported with
qualifications, or not supported by
the findings. You have gathered and presented the data to meet
your Objective – now you
need to organize the data and present it in a logical/clear way to
lead the reader to your
conclusions.
• backs up statement with reference to appropriate findings
After stating the judgment about meeting the objectives, you
should provide specific
evidence from the data in the Results to back up the judgment.
The first key to this part of
the Discussion is finding specific evidence reported in the
Results that you can use to back
up your judgment about meeting your objectives. The second
key is to describe the evidence
in such a way that the reader can clearly see that there is
sufficient evidence that supports
your judgment about meeting the objectives. Be specific. Point
out specific evidence from
the Results and show how that evidence contributed to your
judgments.
• sufficiently addresses other issues pertinent to lab
A low rating in this area means that the instructor thinks that
there are other
interesting issues you could have discussed about your findings.
Other issues that may be
appropriate to address are (1) any problems that occurred or
sources of error in your lab
procedure that may account for any unexpected results; (2) how
your findings compare to
the findings of other students in the lab and an explanation for
any differences; (3)
suggestions for improving the lab.
Conclusion
• convincingly describes what has been learned in the lab
A good Conclusion takes you back to the larger purpose of the
lab as stated in the
Introduction: to learn something about the scientific concept,
the primary reason for doing
the lab. The Conclusion is your opportunity to show your lab
instructor what you learned
by doing lab and writing the lab report. You can improve your
Conclusion first by making
a clearer statement of what you learned. Go back to the purpose
of the lab as you presented
it in your Introduction. You are supposed to learn something
about the scientific concept or
theory or principle or important scientific procedure that the lab
is about. If you are not sure
if you have stated what you have learned directly enough, read
your first paragraph to see if
your reader would have any doubt about what you have learned.
Simply saying you learned
something is not necessarily going to convince the reader that
you actually did learn it.
Demonstrate that you did indeed learn what you claimed to have
learned by adding more
details to provide an elaboration on the basic statement. Read
over the Results and Discussion
and jot down some notes for further details on what you have
learned. Look carefully at the
statement of what you have learned and underline any words or
phrases that you could
"unpack," explain in more detail. Use this brainstorming as a
way of helping you to find
details that make your Conclusion more convincing.
If you think you need to do more to convince your reader that
you have learned what you say
you have learned, provide more details in the Conclusion. For
example, compare what you
know now with what you knew before doing the lab. Describe
specific parts of the procedure
or data that contributed to your learning. Discuss how you may
be able to apply what you
have learned in the lab to other situations in the future.
Presentation of your Report
• citations and references adhere to proper format
You need to properly cite your references both in the text as
well as a reference list at the
end of the report.
• format of tables and figures is correct
Tables and figures should be done to professional standards,
such as proper headings and
captions and numbering. Figures should be numbered and have a
caption below the figure.
Tables should be numbered and have a caption above the table.
Images should have
important parts labeled, marked, or annotated.
• report is written in scientific style: clear and to the point
Style in this case refers to your choice of words and sentence
structure. The style of science
writing strives to be clear and to the point. You should avoid
using grand thesaurus words
and long, artfully convoluted sentences. As to choice of words,
science writing uses words
that its audience (other scientists in the field) will readily
understand. To outsiders, the
scientific vocabulary of this language looks like a lot of jargon.
But the point is that scientific
words that are obscure to outsiders are usually not obscure to
the insiders that comprise the
scientific audience. Your writing should sound like scientific
writing. This means that you
should go ahead and use proper scientific terminology, but you
should also choose plain,
everyday words for non-scientific terminology.
Your sentences should be clear and readable for your educated
audience. Avoid excessively
long and meandering sentences. But don't use a lot of very short
sentences, either. Vary your
sentence length. If you have difficulties with making your
sentences readable, read over them
aloud, noting the sentences that seem to be too long or are hard
to read. Rewrite those
sentences so that they flow more easily.
Also, avoid using quotations. Scientists very rarely quote from
source materials; they do so
only when a particular wording is important to the point they
are trying to make. Using direct
quotations is appropriate to English papers, but not to lab
reports.
• grammar and spelling are correct
Double check and re-read your report before submitting.

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PLAGIARISM SCAN REPORTDate 2020-04-12Words 161Char.docx

  • 1. PLAGIARISM SCAN REPORT Date 2020-04-12 Words 161 Characters 991 Content Checked For Plagiarism Stereolithography (SLA) is one method of many used for 3D printing. There are roughly 30 different processes for additive manufacturing (commonly called 3D printing) used for different materials from plastics, metals, ceramics, clay, concrete, chocolate, pancake batter and other foodstuffs, paper, and sand (silica) to living tissue and cells. SLA was one of the earlier 3D methods first developed around 1984. Commercial SLA printers originally cost hundreds of thousands of dollars, but can now be purchased for a few hundred or a few thousand dollars or even built at home for less [1]. In the SLA process a liquid material called a photo-polymer is exposed to light from a laser, from a digital projector, or from another focused optical source. The radiation causes the material to solidify (or cure) where the light hits it. When the
  • 2. full object has been “drawn”, it is removed from the tank holding the liquid polymer. And there you have your “heart’s desire” in your hand. Matched Source Similarity 89% Title: What is stereolithography used for? - Quora | How it works: SLA stereolithography (sla) is one method of many used for 3d printing. there are roughly 30 different processes for additive manufacturing (commonly called 3d printing) used for different materials from plastics, metals, ceramics, clay, concrete, chocolate, pancake batter and other... https://www.quora.com/What-is-stereolithography-used-for Similarity 12% Title: 1 John commentary - Scripture Verse By Verse ... and a coke and unwraps it for you and puts it in your hand don't blame him if ... A hatred for sin; a desire to please God and confession when we fail are ... If you hate someone you have murdered them in your heart as far as God is concerned. ... fact that Jesus is God and savior and there you have your three witnesses. 9.
  • 3. https://www.thebibleversebyverse.com/1-john-commentary.html 100% Plagiarised 0% Unique https://www.quora.com/What-is-stereolithography-used-for https://www.quora.com/What-is-stereolithography-used-for https://www.quora.com/What-is-stereolithography-used-for https://www.thebibleversebyverse.com/1-john-commentary.html https://www.thebibleversebyverse.com/1-john-commentary.html https://www.thebibleversebyverse.com/1-john-commentary.html Motivation and Emotion: Driving Consumer Behavior Chapter 5 Motivation Types: Homeostasis Maintain yourself in a current acceptable state Self improvement Desire to change yourself to a more ideal state Exercise Think of something of something you have purchased because you wanted something thing to remain the same (homeostasis) Think of something you have purchased because you wanted something to change (self improvement)
  • 4. Other ways to look at motivations Utilitarian Desire to acquire products that can be used to accomplish things Hedonic Desire to experience something personally gratifying Exercise Think of something you have purchased for hedonic motivations Think of something you have purchased for utilitarian motivations Exhibit 5.2: Utilitarian and Hedonic Motivations Lead to Consumer Behaviors http://www.pinterest.com/pin/26458716532571120/ Consumer Involvement Types: Product Shopping Situational Enduring Emotional
  • 5. Product Involvement Tied to amount of risk associated with buying it (financial or social) Shopping Involvement The more involved with shopping the more likely you are to compare prices, brands, stores, etc. Ways to influence shopping involvement Sales Events Gifts with purchase Special discounts Contests Free samples How to facilitate situational involvement Have personal shoppers Provide buying guides
  • 6. Have videos available Have knowledgeable salespeople Enduring Involvement Examples: Following a sports team or musical group Collecting things Buying fashion magazines, watching fashion programs and buying the latest clothes trends Pursuing a hobby Playing a sport Ways to encourage enduring involvement Owners groups Harley Davidson, Corvette, Mini Cooper Rewards programs Email subscriptions Members only offers Sell limited edition items Offer early access to tickets, VIP passes
  • 7. What are emotions? Specific psychobiological reactions to human appraisals In other words how we react to things Other Emotion-based Terms Mood Transient (temporary) and general affective state Affect Feelings a consumer experiences during the consumption process Brand Intimacy Study Study conducted to investigate the relationships between emotions and brand purchases Tries to gage how much consumers are willing to live without a brand and how much more they are willing to pay for it Using Emotions in Marketing
  • 8. Mr. White wears eye-tracking glasses and sits in front of a camera that records facial expressions as he shops on Vrbo’s vacation rental site with a phone. Facial-recognition software identifies different emotions, and correlating that with what Mr. White looks at tells researchers how travelers react to particular features on the screen. PHOTO: JULIA ROBINSON FOR THE WALL STREET JOURNAL Tracking precisely where an eye is focused lets researchers analyze different elements of a screen, such as whether a picture helps close a sale or a navigation marker is overlooked. PHOTO: JULIA ROBINSON FOR THE WALL STREET JOURNAL Matt Hirschy, a frequent Amtrak passenger, wears several sensory devices on a Northeast Regional ride from Washington, D.C., to New York. Amtrak recruited Mr. Hirschy to participate in biometric tests of what passengers like and dislike to help design new railcars. A camera follows facial expressions, an eye-tracker records what he looked at and a galvanic skin response unit on his fingers measures heart rate and oxygen level on his skin. Data from the eye-tracking on Mr. Hirschy shows not only what he looked at during his ride, but also how long he looked at different items. The larger the circle, the more time spent looking at that item.
  • 9. Article – Your Next Vacation is Written on your Face List and briefly describe at four of the technologies that are mentioned in the article How do these technologies enable researchers to gain more insights than was previously possible through other research methods like surveys and focus groups? What is the most important determinant of customer satisfaction on airplanes and trains? Why? What specific actions can travel companies take to improve their customers' experience after gaining research insights from these methods? Plant-Based Meat Makers Want to Put Fake Pork on Your Fork Impossible Foods to introduce imitation ground pork and sausage, including patty for Burger King An Impossible Foods plant-based pork bao. PHOTO: IMPOSSIBLE FOODS ByJacob Bunge and Heather Haddon Updated Jan. 6, 2020 9:39 pm ET After biting into the U.S. burger business, plant-based food makers are targeting pork. Impossible Foods Inc. said Monday that it will introduce imitation ground pork and sausage, including a patty for a new sandwich at dozens of Burger King restaurants later this month. Rival Beyond Meat Inc. BYND +4.51% last year began supplying plant-based sausage to Dunkin’ Brands Group Inc., DNKN +0.64%Carl’s Jr. and Tim Hortons restaurants, mainly for breakfast sandwiches. Impossible, Beyond and other meat-alternative developers say their products spare livestock and are better for the environment than meat because they require less grain, water and fuel to
  • 10. produce. The companies first worked on beef because they said it is one of the most environmentally intensive meats to produce. Pork is the world’s most widely consumed meat, according to the U.S. Agriculture Department. Plant-based food makers are also developing chicken and seafood alternatives. “Pork being the ubiquitous meat it is felt like the natural way to continue our mission,” David Lee, Impossible’s chief financial officer, said in an interview. Meat-free burgers, sausages and nuggets represent a fraction of overall meat consumption. But their sales are growing much faster than those of traditional meat. Cases of plant-based proteins shipped to commercial restaurants from broadline food distributors increased by 23% in the year ending in November, according to market-research firm NPD Group. Restaurants say the products have helped boost traffic and buzz. That growth has drawn pushback from livestock producers. Farm groups have urged regulators to block the use of words like “meat” and “pork” to describe plant-based imitations, arguing that consumers could be misled about their contents. Impossible’s pork alternative is made from soy, coconut oil and starch by the same processes used to make the Impossible Burger that is now sold in 17,000 restaurants. Soy leghemoglobin, the protein that Impossible said helps its burgers taste meaty, is a key ingredient in the pork mimic too, Mr. Lee said. The Impossible product, labeled “pork made from plants,” could draw meat-industry opposition. “What’s impossible is to make pork from plants. This is a brazen attempt to circumvent decades of food labeling law and centuries of precedence,” said Dr. Dan Kovich, science and technology director for the National Pork Producers Council, a trade group. Mr. Lee said Impossible’s use of the word pork aligns with U.S. food regulations. “We want meat eaters to understand this can be used just the same way as any pork product,” he said. Burger King, which like Tim Hortons is owned by Restaurant Brands International Inc., said it would begin testing Impossible’s “pork” sausage on a breakfast sandwich at 139
  • 11. restaurants in five markets later this month. The “Impossible Croissan’wich” will feature plant-based sausage on a toasted croissant with an egg and cheese. It will sell for the same price, $3.49, as that sandwich with a traditional pork patty. The restaurants will sell the sandwich in Savannah, Ga., Albuquerque, N.M., Montgomery, Ala., Lansing, Mich. and Springfield, Ill., Burger King said. The Impossible Croissan’wich can help improve performance at breakfast, a meal that accounts for roughly 15% of its sales, said Fernando Machado, Burger King’s chief marketing officer. McDonald’s Corp. makes a bigger chunk of its sales from breakfast, and Wendy’s Co. is introducing a morning menu nationally this year. The plant-based products are coming to market as the global pork industry is in flux. African swine fever, a disease deadly to pigs but not dangerous to humans, has caused the death and slaughter of tens of millions of hogs in Asia, according to the USDA. “We felt the pressure of great global demand,” Mr. Lee said. He said Impossible also wants to reach the estimated 2.5 billion people world-wide who don’t eat pork due to dietary and religious restrictions. https://www.wsj.com/articles/plant-based-meat-makers-set- sights-on-pork-11578356056 Lab Report Guidelines Title Page Include the lab title, lab number, your Lab Group number, experiment date(s), course, instructor, University, team member names, and a brief
  • 12. summary of team member contributions. Format it so that it is centered in the page. Formatting • Font: 12-point Times New Roman • Text alignment: Justified • Indentation: 0.3” First line • Other formatting: see attached image below • Abbreviations and Acronyms: Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are used in the text. • Figures and Tables: All figures and tables should be legible. Make sure that all figures and tables your own works. Don’t copy and paste them from lab instructions. • Heading: Bold 14-point Times New Roman (Subheadings are bold 12-point and should not be numbered). • Reference style: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering (I highly recommend to use EndNote software to manage references, which is free to WSU students!) An example of the reference style:
  • 13. [1] D. J. Gottlieb et al., “Sleep deficiency and motor vehicle crash risk in the general population: a prospective cohort study,” BMC Med., vol. 16, no. 1, 2018, Art. no. 44. Introduction • Successfully provides background information and establishes the scientific concept of the lab The introduction serves to provide the reader with the necessary background information needed to understand the experiment, establishes the scientific concepts, and provides the rationale for doing the experiment. Background information - In this paragraph you provide the reader with information on what has been done in the past regarding your objective. It is your opportunity to inform the reader of the theory and/or key concepts the experiment will demonstrate or examine. It is also the place where you demonstrate your credibility by showing that you have done the necessary research to understand the topic. The background information paragraph of
  • 14. the Introduction can be thought of as a sales pitch. For example, “Previous work in the field of XYZ has shown that . . . These findings indicate that . . . An area that warrants further examination is. These statements should be leading up to your objective statement. Establish the scientific concept for the lab - State what the lab is about, that is, what scientific concept (theory, principle, procedure, etc.) you are supposed to be learning about by doing the lab. • Effectively presents the hypothesis/objectives of the lab The objective is the most important component to any experiment and lab report. It is a statement of the objective, goal, or purpose of the experiment. It is a one or two sentence answer to the question: “What do you hope to accomplish with this experiment?” Formulate your objective statement before you begin writing the report - invest some time In a paragraph, or more, write out the objectives of the lab in paragraph form and then describe the purpose of the lab: what it is that accomplishing the objectives will help you
  • 15. learn about the scientific concept of the lab. The objective(s) are what it is you are supposed to accomplish in the experimental procedure itself. The objective(s), therefore, is usually presented in terms of a specific verb that describes what you are supposed to be doing in the lab, such as to measure, to analyze, to determine, to test etc. Often, the objective(s) for the lab is given in the lab manual. If you are having trouble phrasing the sentence about objectives, try something like: "The main objectives of this lab were to…" • Effectively presents the rationale/purpose of lab Provide the reader with the reason for performing the experiment (not ”because the teacher told me too”). Identify what will be learned and why it is important. Focus your explanation on the science and how it relates to your objective. The purpose/rationale of the lab is different in significant ways from its objective(s). Purpose provides the wider view; it answers the why question, why you are doing the lab in the first place. Instead of focusing just on the specific actions
  • 16. of the experimental procedure, purpose looks at the experimental procedure within the context of what you are supposed to be learning. Go back to what you have written about the scientific concept and look for a link between it and the activities you are expected to perform in the lab: what specifically about the scientific concept were these activities designed to teach you? Materials & Methods • A good Methods section describes what you did in the lab in a way that is easy to understand and detailed enough to be repeated but is not written as a set of instructions. Record what you did to meet the Objective. • Be specific enough such that someone could read your methods and have enough information to repeat your experiment. However, you don’t want to provide too much detail such that you overwhelm the reader with trivial information. Include information that might be unique
  • 17. to the experimental methodologies. • The Procedures should be written in the past tense and the passive voice – e.g. “the sample was added to the test-tube”, and not “I added the sample to the test-tube”, nor “Add the sample to the test-tube”. You are reporting what was done, not giving instructions on how to do something. • Images can help to deliver visual information (e.g., experimental setup) you are trying to convey. • Don’t copy and paste sentences and/or images from lab instructions. Results • opens with effective statement of overall findings Results sections typically begin with a brief overview of the findings. This is where you sum up your findings. Such a statement is typically a sentence or two. This summary will act as the opening sentence for the Results. If you had trouble getting the first sentence started, here are some possibilities: "The results of the lab show that …"; "The data from the experiments
  • 18. demonstrate that…"; "The independent variable X increased as Y and Z were….". The Results section is text based. Tables and figures do not comprise the Results section, they enhance it. In the Results section, you need to tell the reader what data you have collected, what the data means, and what the data shows. You should refer to figures and tables to aid in your presentation. • present visuals clearly and accurately Figures and Tables should be numbered (figure should have captions, while tables should have headings) and should be referred to in the text before they appear in the report. Graphs should have the x- and y-axes labeled and units designated along those axes. Images should have important parts of the image labeled or annotated. • presents verbal findings clearly and with sufficient support The presentation of findings in words should be ordered according the order of the visuals, each visual being described in words. Each description should include a sentence or so summarizing the visual and then any details from the visual
  • 19. pertinent to the data from that visual. To make the verbal part of your Results better, follow this general outline: • Summary of overall findings of lab • Paragraph related to visual 1 o Sentence of overall finding from visual 1 o Sentence(s) with key details from the visual 1 • Paragraph related to visual 2 o Sentence of overall finding from visual 2 o Sentence(s) with key details from the visual 2 • Paragraph related to visual 3 o Sentence of overall finding from visual 3 o Sentence(s) with key details from the visual 3 Etc. • successfully integrates verbal and visual representations The verbal representation of each visual should refer explicitly to the visual (Table 1, Figure 2, etc.). You should create the sense that the visual and the word representations of data are working together. The primary way of doing that is to cite the visuals in your verbal findings. Discussion • opens with effective statement of support of objectives
  • 20. The Discussion section is where you explain the meaning and significance of the results presented in the Results section in terms of your Objective. The Discussion should start with a sentence or two in which you make a judgment as to whether you have met your objectives (from the Introduction), supported with qualifications, or not supported by the findings. You have gathered and presented the data to meet your Objective – now you need to organize the data and present it in a logical/clear way to lead the reader to your conclusions. • backs up statement with reference to appropriate findings After stating the judgment about meeting the objectives, you should provide specific evidence from the data in the Results to back up the judgment. The first key to this part of the Discussion is finding specific evidence reported in the Results that you can use to back up your judgment about meeting your objectives. The second key is to describe the evidence in such a way that the reader can clearly see that there is
  • 21. sufficient evidence that supports your judgment about meeting the objectives. Be specific. Point out specific evidence from the Results and show how that evidence contributed to your judgments. • sufficiently addresses other issues pertinent to lab A low rating in this area means that the instructor thinks that there are other interesting issues you could have discussed about your findings. Other issues that may be appropriate to address are (1) any problems that occurred or sources of error in your lab procedure that may account for any unexpected results; (2) how your findings compare to the findings of other students in the lab and an explanation for any differences; (3) suggestions for improving the lab. Conclusion • convincingly describes what has been learned in the lab A good Conclusion takes you back to the larger purpose of the lab as stated in the Introduction: to learn something about the scientific concept, the primary reason for doing
  • 22. the lab. The Conclusion is your opportunity to show your lab instructor what you learned by doing lab and writing the lab report. You can improve your Conclusion first by making a clearer statement of what you learned. Go back to the purpose of the lab as you presented it in your Introduction. You are supposed to learn something about the scientific concept or theory or principle or important scientific procedure that the lab is about. If you are not sure if you have stated what you have learned directly enough, read your first paragraph to see if your reader would have any doubt about what you have learned. Simply saying you learned something is not necessarily going to convince the reader that you actually did learn it. Demonstrate that you did indeed learn what you claimed to have learned by adding more details to provide an elaboration on the basic statement. Read over the Results and Discussion and jot down some notes for further details on what you have learned. Look carefully at the
  • 23. statement of what you have learned and underline any words or phrases that you could "unpack," explain in more detail. Use this brainstorming as a way of helping you to find details that make your Conclusion more convincing. If you think you need to do more to convince your reader that you have learned what you say you have learned, provide more details in the Conclusion. For example, compare what you know now with what you knew before doing the lab. Describe specific parts of the procedure or data that contributed to your learning. Discuss how you may be able to apply what you have learned in the lab to other situations in the future. Presentation of your Report • citations and references adhere to proper format You need to properly cite your references both in the text as well as a reference list at the end of the report. • format of tables and figures is correct Tables and figures should be done to professional standards, such as proper headings and
  • 24. captions and numbering. Figures should be numbered and have a caption below the figure. Tables should be numbered and have a caption above the table. Images should have important parts labeled, marked, or annotated. • report is written in scientific style: clear and to the point Style in this case refers to your choice of words and sentence structure. The style of science writing strives to be clear and to the point. You should avoid using grand thesaurus words and long, artfully convoluted sentences. As to choice of words, science writing uses words that its audience (other scientists in the field) will readily understand. To outsiders, the scientific vocabulary of this language looks like a lot of jargon. But the point is that scientific words that are obscure to outsiders are usually not obscure to the insiders that comprise the scientific audience. Your writing should sound like scientific writing. This means that you should go ahead and use proper scientific terminology, but you should also choose plain,
  • 25. everyday words for non-scientific terminology. Your sentences should be clear and readable for your educated audience. Avoid excessively long and meandering sentences. But don't use a lot of very short sentences, either. Vary your sentence length. If you have difficulties with making your sentences readable, read over them aloud, noting the sentences that seem to be too long or are hard to read. Rewrite those sentences so that they flow more easily. Also, avoid using quotations. Scientists very rarely quote from source materials; they do so only when a particular wording is important to the point they are trying to make. Using direct quotations is appropriate to English papers, but not to lab reports. • grammar and spelling are correct Double check and re-read your report before submitting.