2. Methodology
• *In a global point of view, it involves every aspect of the professional
pedagogical practice:
- The Theorical Producction
- The Research
- The Implementation of Practical techniques
- The Disign of the learning process.
3. Differences among Method, Technique and
Approach
• The Method:
* It is general, since it includes all the elements of the learning process. It
is a guide to teach.
* It is a technical and precisse set of information that is beyond a personal
statement.
* A method must be proved to work efficiently, and must be systematic.
(it must have rules and a theorical basis).
* the method must look for acquiring a Meaningful Learning (Ausubel)
4. The Direct Method
It is an Ancestral
Practice.
It fullly involves
Students into the target
language.
A
Philosophycal
Holistic Basis
Explicit
Exposure to the
target language
5. The Cognitive Method
It has a Scientific
Basis
It pretends an
organized
acquisition of
knowledge
It center on the
student to have
a real
competence
Focused mainly
on learning
strategies and
techniques
Standarizes
Knodledge
Listening
Speaking
Reading
Writing
6. The Affective or Emotional Method
Totally Centered on
the Psychology of the
Students
There is an
Emphasis in the
relation between
Students and
Teachers
Creates an affective
feeling for the
Target Language
(L2)
Cultural Awareness
It has a Motivational
Psychologycal tesis
support
(Psychology
Motivational
School)
7. Communicative Approach
Also Known as Natural Approach
It has an Empiric Philosophycal Base
Centered on Real Life Situations Competences
Experiments with Instructional Materials
(Learning English for especific Purposes)
8. The Structural / Linguistic Method
• A deep study of language not limited to
Acquisition , Origing of language,
Etimology, Variation of Language.
Academic Study of
Languages
• The Creation of the IPA chart. (Phonology)
• Classifies languages :Anglosaxon, Latin,
Asian, Skandinavian, Indigenous, among
others.
International Standard
• Stablishes the Differences among
languages.
• Nature Language, Second Language,
Target Language
Contrastive Linguistics
• Grammar
• Syntax
• Similar Pronounciation
Language Interferience
and Nature.
10. What is didactic?
• It is a teaching method that follows a consistent scientific
approach or educational style to engage the student's mind.
11. WHAT IS AN APPROACH?
• Describes how people acquire their knowledge
• An approach is a way of looking at teaching and learning.
• Underlying any language teaching approach is a theoretical view
of what language is, and of how it can be learnt.
12. What is its function?
• An approach gives rise to methods, the way of teaching
something, which use classroom activities or techniques to help
learners learn.
13. Differences
• Approach is the way in which you will approach the piece of
whatever you are teaching. Approach is what you are going to
teach.
• Method refers to how you are going to teach it: lecture, small-
group work, PowerPoint, worksheet, class discussion, etc.
• Approach is general and method is specific.
14. Examples of teaching approaches
TEACHER - CENTERED LEARNER - CENTERED
SUBJECT- MATTERED CENTER INTERACTIVE
TEACHER DOMINATED CONSTRUCTIVIST
“BANKING” APPROACH INTEGRATED
DISCIPLINAL COLLABORATIVE
INDIVIDUALISTIC DIRECT
INDIRECT, GUIDED
15. • TEACHER- CENTERED.- The teacher is perceived to the only
realiable source of information in contrast to the learner-centered
Approach.
• LEARNER- CENTERED.- In which it is premised on the belief that
the learner is also an important resource because he/she too
knows something and is therefore capable of sharing something.
16. • SUBJECT MATTER-CENTERED.- Subject matter gains primacy over
that of the learner.
• TEACHER DOMINATED.- In this Approach, only the teacher’s voice
is Heard. He/she is the sole dispenser of information.
17. • INTERACTIVE APPROACH.- In this Approach, an interactive
classroom will have more student talk and less teacher talk.
Students are given the opportunity to interact with teacher and
with other students.
• CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH.-The Students are expected to
construct knowledge and meaning out for what they are taught by
connecting them to prior experience.
18. • BANKING .- The teacher deposits knowledge into the “empty”
minds of Students for students to commit to memory.
• INTEGRATED.- It makes the teacher connects what he/she teaches
to other lessons of the same subject “intradisciplinary” or
connects his/her lessons with others subjects thus making his/her
Approach into disciplinary and multidisciplinary
19. • DISCIPLINAL.- It limits the teacher discussing his/her lessons
within the boundary of his/her subject.
• COLLABORATIVE.- It will welcome group work, teamwork,
parterships, and group discussion.
