This is the series of network fundamental course for IT learners. The student should follow the series from the first lecture...

1. CSC339 – NETWORK
FUNDAMENTAL
Jahan University
Computer Science Department
Lecturer: Islahuddin Jalal
Master in Cyber Security
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2. Class Policy
 A student must reach the class-room in time. Late comers may join the class
but are not entitled to be marked present.
 Attendance shall be marked at the start of the class and students failing to
secure 75% attendance will not be allowed to sit in final exam.
 The assignment submission deadline must be observed. In case of late
submission, ten percent may be deducted from each day.
 Those who are absent on the announcement date of the assignment/test.
Must get the topic/chapter of test/assignment confirmed through their peers.
 Mobile phones must be switched-off in the class-rooms.
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3. Grading Evaluation for Network fundamental
Internal Evaluation
Midterm Exam 20%
Attendance 5%
Assignment/Presentations 5%
Quizzes/Tests 10%
Total Internal Evaluation 40%
Final-term Examination
Final-term Exam 60%
Total Marks 100%
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4. Topics to be discussed
 What is network?
 Advantages of Network
 Types of network
 Network Architecture
 Wiring Schema (Topology of Network)
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5. What is Network?
 A collection of computing devices that are connected in various ways in order
to communicate and share resources
Usually, the connections between computers in a network are made using
physical wires or cables
However, some connections are wireless, using radio waves or infrared signals
 The generic term node or host refers to any device on a network
 Data transfer rate The speed with which data is moved from one place on a
network to another
 Data transfer rate is a key issue in computer networks
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6. What is Network?
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7. Advantage of Computer Networks
 Sharing of devices such as printer and scanner
 Sharing of program /software
 Sharing of files
 Sharing of data
 Sharing of information
 Sharing of single high-speed internet connection
 Provide facility to access server centered database
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8. Types of Network
 There are different types of Networks
 LAN
 CAN
 MAN
 WAN
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9. Types of Network
 LAN A network that connects a relatively small number
of machines in a relatively close geographical area
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10. Types of Network
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 CAN – Campus Area Network
 A network spread between multiple contiguous buildings.

11. Types of Network
 MAN A network spread between multiple non-
contiguous buildings within the single metropolitan
area.
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12. Types of Network
 WAN A network that connects two or more local-area networks over a
potentially large geographic distance
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13. Network Architecture
 Overall design of a computer network that describes how a computer network
is configured and what strategies are being used
 It is mainly focuses on the function of the networks.
 It is also known as network model or network design
 Types of network architecture:
 Client /Server Network
 Peer to Peer Network
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14. Types of Network Architecture
 Client/Server
 In a client/Server network each hosts will act specifically as a server (the provider
of resources) or a client (the receiver of resources).
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15. Types of Network Architecture
 Peer-to-Peer
 In Peer-to-Peer network every host will act as a client and a server.
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16. The Differences between Client / Server
and Peer-to-Peer
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17. Network Topologies (wiring Schema)
 Network Topology: Physical layout of a network is called network topology.
 There are different types of network topologies
 Star Topology
 Bus Topology
 Ring Topology
 Mesh Topology
 Hybrid topology
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18. Star Topology
 All the computers are connected through a central connection point (hub,
switch etc)
 A single break in the cable would only take down communication to one
computer
 As hub failure would take down the entire network
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19. Bus Topology
 All the computers are connected in straight line
 Terminators must be used at each end of a bus segment to prevent signals
from bouncing
 A single break in the cable would take down the entire network
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20. Ring Topology
 All the computers are connected in circular fashion
 Data is passed around the ring from computers to computer
 A break in the cable would take down the entire network
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21. Mesh Topology
 All the computers are connected to all other computers
 Typically used in a WAN environment
 Provides fault tolerance in the event of a connection failure
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22. Hybrid Topology
 Different types of topologies can be used together to form a hybrid topology.
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23. Questions Regarding Topologies
 Which kinds of network topologies connect all devices to a central device?
 What kind of network topology is this?
 What kind of network topologies is used in 802.11 wireless network?
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24. Basic Network
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Hub
Pamir Khkula
How would you say the
PC named Pamir
communicates with the
PC named Khkula?
“Hey Khkula, I love you”
or
“Hey 192.168.0.3, I love
you”
Which one is right?
Both are wrong But why?

25. Basic Networking
 Because Pamir is actually going to use Khkula’s MAC address
 But what would happen if pamir only knows her name and doesn’t know her IP
address and Mac Address?
 Pamir query
Khkula Response
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This Problem is solved by
ARP
Source Destination protocol Info
192.168.0.2 Broadcast ARP Who has 192.168.0.3? Tell 192.168.0.2
Source Destination protocol Info
192.168.0.3 192.168.0.2 ARP 192.168.0.3 is at 00:0b:db:99:d3:5e
192.168.0.3 192.168.0.2 NBNS Name query response NB 192.168.0.3

26. Questions
 What would happen if the network grows and grows and become a large
network?
 What would be the solution?
 What is the Process to split a larger network into a smaller Networks?
 Which devices are needed for network Segmentation?
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The Network speed become low
To split the network into a smaller Network
Network Segmentation
Routers, Switches and Bridges

27. END
Thanks for
hearing…………………….