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CLEANING TECHNIQUES
FOR HOUSEKEEPERS
AN INSIGHT INTO HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPING
Anastasia. I
Housekeeping Lecturer
THE ORDER OF CLEANINGA QUICK CLASS EXERCISE
Arrange the following in the right order of cleaning
 Clean windows
 Clean fans
 Cobweb
 Sweep
 Dust furniture, fixtures, fittings etc
 Mop
 Empty trash
 Ventilate the room
 Close the windows
 Spray Air freshener
 Close the door
 Knock on the door and open the door
 Get the right cleaning equipment and agent
 Put on Uniforms and safety wear and Check cleaning schedule
 Clean, return and store cleaning equipment and agents
DEFINITION OF
HOUSEKEEPING
• Housekeeping is the provision of a
clean, comfortable, safe and
aesthetically appealing environment.
(RAGHUBALAN.G, &
RAGHUBALAN.S)
 Housekeeping is the maintenance of a
clean, pleasant and orderly
environment which has always formed
an essential part of civilized living.
THE IMPORTANCE OF
HOUSEKEEPING
Housekeeping is often perceived as a
tedious job but One feels comfortable
only in the environment which is clean
and well ordered, so cleanliness is
important for the health of persons.
Cleaning is carried out for the following
reasons;
 Aesthetic appeal
 Hygiene
 Maintenance
 Safety
AESTHETIC APPEAL
 Leave every surface clean. Ceilings,
floors, furniture, walls, windows, fixtures,
fittings etc.
 Leave the area tidy and place every item
in the right place. Maintain order on table
tops, arrange books, pens and other
items, keeping symmetry in mind.
 Take care of indoor plants. Water natural
plants, get rid of dead plants, clean the
pots, vases and leaves. Keep artificial
flowers and other artefacts free of dust.
Use feather dusters on paintings and
fragile decorative items.
HYGIENE
 The process of cleaning is a hygienic
practice because it gets rid of dust, dirt
and germs.
 A Housekeeper must be well
kempt(Change under garments regularly,
brush the teeth and keep the breath
fresh, wear clean and ironed uniforms,
Shave regularly, use anti-perspirants,
Keep the hair clean and tidy)
 Avoid cross contamination by using
disinfectants
HYGIENE
 The use of colour coded equipment
helps to avoid cross contamination as
well. The universal colour code is
RED- for toilets i.e Red dust cloths,
Mop buckets, Mop sticks etc.
YELLOW- for sinks, BLUE- for
furniture and GREEN for the kitchen.
 Special attention should be paid to
sensitive areas such as the toilets,
bathrooms, all the areas in the
hospitals etc
HYGIENE
 The housekeeper needs a lot of order
and presence of mind to be thorough,
fast, effective and efficient and at the
same time being cautious and
sensitive to the health of others and to
his or her health as well.
 Changing hand gloves, dust cloths,
washing the hands regularly,
disinfecting cleaning equipment and
keeping them clean ensures personal
and environmental hygiene.
MAINTENANCE
 The very act of cleaning is a routine
maintenance for that area being
cleaned as such; the housekeeper
needs to be vigilant in observing
items, equipment, appliances etc that
are out place and need repairs.
 Observing is one step, the next step is
to report to the relevant/appropriate
personnel and the third step is to
follow up the repairs.
MAINTENANCE
 The housekeeper needs to acquire
skills of simple maintenance
procedures such as driving in nails,
changing bulbs, tightening screws etc
 Maintenance of the cleaning agents
and equipment is also very important.
This entails storing them properly in a
cleaning store that is airy. Other tips
will be given subsequently.
SAFETY
 The safety of housekeepers is
important as well as the safety of
those who benefit from their services.
 The use PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT is essential. Examples
of PPE are nose masks, hand gloves,
covered shoes, uniforms, goggles, ear
plugs etc
 The housekeeper needs to get rid of
all hazards when cleaning to ensure
SAFETY
Hazards can be categorized as;
o Microbiological- Micro-organisms. They
are gotten rid of mainly through
disinfecting and sterilizing.
o Physical-Hair human/ pet, Insects and
pests, Nuts and Bolts, Drawing Pins, Soil
etc. They can be gotten rid of by
cleaning.
o Chemical- Cleaning agents. They should
be labelled, tightly closed, stored in the
right place and used according to the
manufacturer’s instructions.
THE PROFESSIONAL
HOUSEKEEPER
OBJECTIVES OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPING
 To maintain a high reputation of a
government hospital
 To meet the expectations of the
patients and community as a whole
 To create a clean, safe, comfortable,
aesthetic and hygienic environment
 To create a courteous, reliable and
congenial environment
 To ensure an adequate support of
motivated Staff
OBJECTIVES OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPING
 To create and maintain a good
interdepartmental cordial relation
 To ensure proper quality control of
sanitary equipment and cleaning
agents
 Proper record keeping and feedback
to all concerned
 Interdepartmental communication
Objectives of hospital housekeeping by
Dr N.C Das
COMPONENTS OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPING(Dr N.C Das)
Appealing
Interior decor
and design
Proper waste
disposal
Hospital
Infection control
Pest and
Rodent
control
Sanitation and
Cleanliness
COMPONENTS OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPING (Dr N.C Das)
Odour
control
Clean and
appealing
Restrooms
Adequate
water
supply
Greenary
comfort
HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS
(RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)
 In hospitals, hygiene and cleanliness are of
particular importance in reducing the threat of
cross infection with the result that housekeeping
is highly organized.
 Housekeeping extends towards the
laboratories, administrative areas, doctors’
chambers, lecture rooms, treatment rooms,
waiting areas, mortuaries, kitchens, dining
areas and high risk areas- operation theatres,
intensive care units, transplant units, premature
baby units and isolation wards. The
organizational structure of a housekeeping
department in a hospital varies according to the
type and size of the hospital.
HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS
(RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)
The scope of hospital housekeeping is
enormous.
Here, control of dust and germs is so
important
that the cleaning equipment may have
features
that not to be found in other establishments,
such
as;
 Electrical equipment fitted with extra filters to
reduce the risk of dust distribution.
 Electrical equipment fitted with silencers to
minimize irritation to patients.
 Colours used to identify equipment for
HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS
(RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)
Cleaning methods may also differ slightly.
For
example;
 Dusting is carried out with damp cloths
only, so that dust is better controlled.
 Sweeping is carried out using mops with
heads that can be sterilized or disposed
of after each cleaning session.
The responsibilities of the hospital
housekeeping team may include;
 Maintaining a high degree of cleanliness
and hygiene with a focus on health.
 Ensuring safety and security
HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS
(RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)
 Pest control
 Control over contracted cleaning agencies
 Providing staff uniforms.
 Laundering hospital linen, uniforms and
surgical suits.
In the wards, responsibilities also include;
 Cleaning and bed making, which must be done
with the least amount of disturbance to the
patients.
 Arranging flowers and delivering and collecting
the mails of patients.
 Caring for clothes and personal belongings
HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS
(RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)
 Terminal cleaning of rooms, which
must be done soon after a patient is
discharged and before a new patient
is admitted to the room. This includes
total disinfection of the room, including
all furniture and fixtures. Linen is
subjected to a high temperature wash
which is called a TERMINAL WASH.
PRECAUTIONS
All employees working in high risk areas must
wear protective clothing and be gowned and mask
if required. Gowns may be of the disposable variety
or made of cotton. Once used, they should be
treated as infected items and will require specific
disinfection. Hands must be washed before
entering, cleaning and after leaving a unit to
prevent spreading of infection. Cleaning materials
and
agents must be suitably coded and after use, they
must
be disinfected or changed. Waste arising in isolation
areas must be disposed of separately and
appropriately.
Syringes and sharp articles must be disposed of
HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPING(TRENDS)
 Appealing colours of walls and
corridors
 Mechanized cleaning
 Elimination of unpleasant odour
 Control of noise
 Control of noise
 Control of infection through CSSD
(Central sterilization and supply
department)
AREAS WITHIN THE PURVIEW
OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPINGLOW RISK AREAS
 Administrative areas
 Waiting rooms
 Non-sterile supply areas
 Medical records
 Central store
 Engineering workshop
 Library
 Conference and meeting area
 Staff changing facilities (Staff Lounge)
By Dr Anjum Hashmi
AREAS WITHIN THE PURVIEW
OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPINGHIGH RISK AREAS
 CSSD (Central sterilization supply
department)
 Emergency department
 Catering facilities (includes all kitchen
and cafeteria)
 Day Surgery unit
 Treatment room
 Maternity ward
 Pediatric Surgery ward
By Dr Anjum Hashmi
AREAS WITHIN THE PURVIEW
OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPINGVERY HIGH RISK AREAS
 Isolation room
 Intensive care unit
 Operating room
 Neonatal care unit
 Pharmacy I V preparation room
 Delivery room
 Immuno-compromised Patient areas
By Dr Anjum Hashmi
AREAS WITHIN THE PURVIEW
OF HOSPITAL
HOUSEKEEPINGMODERATE RISK AREAS
 Patient wards
 Out-Patient department
 Physiotherapy
 Pharmacy
 Laboratories
 Mortuary
 Radiology
 Accommodation
 Employee Health Clinic
 Cardiology
By Dr Anjum Hashmi
ITEMS TO BE CLEANED
By Dr Anjum Hashmi
 Baby baths, Cots
 Bed frames
 Ceilings
 Urinals
 Curtains
 Floors
 Housekeeping
Equipment
 Lockers
 Incubator
 Mattresses, Pillows
 Sinks, Wash hand
basin
 Soap dispensers
 Telephones
 Toilets/ Bidets
 Walls, Baths, Bowls
 Bed pans, Wheel
chairs
 Toys, switches,
sockets
 Stretchers, Data
points
 Furniture, Mirrors
 Glasses, Fridges
 Showers
 Bins, Sanitary bins
SELECTION OF CLEANING
AGENTS
It should be ;
 Mild
 Of good quality
 Bactericidal
 Of a wide microbe spectrum
 Non corrosive
 Pleasant in terms of odour
SOME CONSTITUENTS OF
CLEANING AGENTS AND THEIR
USES
 Ammonia: Liquid ammonia is a
solution of ammonia gas in water, held
as ammonium hydroxide. It is a strong
alkali used for softening water,
cleaning window panes & emulsifying
grease.
 Hydrochloric acid: this is corrosive &
poisonous mineral acid, used diluted
for removing stains in bathrooms.
 Lemon: Lemon is used for removing
ink stains from wooden surfaces.
SOME CONSTITUENTS OF
CLEANING AGENTS AND THEIR
USES
 Linseed oil: This is obtained from
crushed seeds of the flax plant. It is a
constituent of furniture polishes & paints.
It darkens unpainted wood slightly.
 Methylated spirits: This is used for
cleaning window panes & mirrors to a
shine. It is a constituent of varnishes &
lacquers.
 Oxalic acid: This is an organic acid
used for the removal of stains from
fabrics & bath fittings. It is also used for
cleaning porcelain.
 Turpentine: This is constituent of paints.
It is also diluents for paints & removes
SOME CONSTITUENTS OF
CLEANING AGENTS AND THEIR
USES
 Sodium Hypochlorite- Removing stains and
whitening due to bleaching action on various
types of surfaces. Acts as a disinfectant.
 Vaseline: this is obtained as a residue in
petroleum distillation. It prevents rust
formation on metals, acts as a lubricant &
may be applied on leather to make it soft &
supple.
 Vinegar: Chemically this is 4% acetic acid. It
is used to remove stains & tarnish from
metals such as copper. It is also effective in
removing streaks from glass surfaces such
as window panes & mirrors. 6% acetic acid
can remove hard water stains while 5%
acetic acid is suitable for making glass
cleaners with soft water, methylated spirit and
CLEANING AGENTS
Others are;
 Water-Distilled, Hot and warm water
 Carbon Tetrachloride
 Soapy detergent
 Synthetic detergent
 Chlorine
 Disinfectants-Phenols (strong),
Natural pine oil, Halogens (Chlorine
&Iodine)
CLEANING
TERMINOLOGIES
 Sweeping
 Wet/Damp Dusting
 Dry Dusting
 Cob webbing
 Spray cleaning
 Vacuuming
 Wet/Damp Mopping
 Dry Mopping
 Polishing
 Buffing
 Stripping
 Sealing
 Disinfecting
CLEANING EQUIPMENT
CLEANING EQUIPMENT
GETTING READY TO CLEAN
 First, it is important to dress appropriately.
Flat covered shoes, the hair should be
packed, make-up should be light and the
clothes should be free, airy and if possible,
get a cleaning overall (to be professional).
 Carry out a tour of your cleaning area and
make a list of all the places and items to be
cleaned.
 Schedule these into a cleaning Plan-Daily,
Weekly, Monthly, Fortnightly, Quarterly, Bi-
annually and Annually.
 Follow the Cleaning plan strictly. This applies
for places that are cleaned on a regular basis
 For one-offs/contract cleaning, it is enough to
prioritize following the terms of the contract
PRINCIPLES OF CLEANING
These are the basic rules to follow in any kind
of cleaning activity, whatever the nature of the
surface or the soil.
 All soil should be removed without harming
the surface being cleaned or the surrounding
surfaces.
 The surface should be restored to its original
state
 The top-to-bottom approach should be
always used
 The cleaner should start cleaning from the
farthest end of an area working towards the
exit.
PRINCIPLES OF CLEANING
 When cleaning an area, start with the cleaner
surfaces before proceeding to clean the
heavily soiled area. As such, restrooms and
other sensitive areas should be cleaned last as
it pertains to order in cleaning areas.
 Stains should be removed as soon as
possible.
 Noise levels should be low.
 The Housekeeper should ensure to reach
corners and edges. Search for dirt and clean
them out.
 After cleaning, all equipment should be
cleaned, washed, dried and stored in
accordance with the type of equipment.
GETTING READY TO CLEAN
 Check the schedule to see where you are
cleaning.
 Check the cleaning plan to know what sort of
cleaning is to be done. For example;
Sweeping, Dusting, Mopping, Cob webbing
etc
 Get all equipment and agents to the area of
cleaning.
 Knock on the door, put on the lights (when
necessary), ventilate(Open the windows,
shutters etc), Empty the bin/ trash and
commence the cleaning.
 Dust the area moving in a clockwise or an
anti-clockwise direction in order to avoid
missing out any item.
THE RIGHT ORDER OF
CLEANING
 Using the principles of cleaning you have
just learnt and the tips on getting ready
to clean, re-do the class exercise on
slide 3
 Remember all that is needed to clean,
the professionalism/courtesy of alerting
the recipient of your service, top-to-
bottom approach, dusting in order,
cleaning cleaner surfaces first, tidying up
the area and care of equipment.
 Re-arrange the order; DUST, SWEEP,
MOP, VACUUM
SWEEPING, MOPPING AND
REMOVING COBWEBS Sweep away from you, the broom goes in a back
and forth movement. The housekeeper holds the
broom at the tip and pushes dirt forward focusing
on one side and later moving to the clean side to
sweep the dirty side.
 Mop towards you. Hold the Mop stick firmly and
mop side-to-side making sure that dirt is not
deposited at the edges.
 Use ladders to reach high places not tables,
chairs, stools etc
 Clean the top and bottom of fan blades and in
the same position, using your hands, rotate the
fan slowly to get to the next blade
 Use the cob web remover to reach edges of
ceilings, fixtures, shelves, behind doors, window
frames, beneath furniture etc
SWEEPING, MOPPING AND
REMOVING COBWEBS
 Sweeping ( a daily task)/Brushing
The removal of surface dust and non- greasy soil
with brooms and a dust pan.(floors, foot-mats,
furniture, pavements etc)
 Dry mopping (a daily task)
The light buffing of a floor, using a soft polishing
mop or an impregnated mop.(Wide floor space)
 Cob webbing (a weekly task)
The act of removing cobweb with a cobweb
remover.(ceilings, book shelves, walls, behind
furniture)
In each of these tasks mentioned, it is
important to reach corners, edges, behind
heavy furniture, between two furniture etc
DUSTING(an important act of
cleaning)
 Dry dusting(a daily task)
Surface dust is removed with a soft dry cloth which
is washed and dried after use.(preferably,
COTTON for furniture and LINEN for Glass,
Mirrors and Windows. (furniture, window slabs,
pelmets, switches/sockets, baseboards etc)
 Damp dusting (frequency is dependent on the
item)
Removal of grease, finger marks etc., by using a
cloth wrung out in water and mild detergent, then
rinsed again and left to dry. This is done when the
surface is very dusty, oily and greasy. (windows,
fans,
nets, burglary, doors, walls, furniture, pelmets,
DUSTING
 Dusting is done in a clockwise or anti-
clockwise direction, to avoid missing any
object/furniture.
 It is important to get PROPER DUST
CLOTHS and care for them by washing them
immediately after use (if possible) and storing
them in a bag. Feather dusters can also be
used.
 Dusting Glasses, Windows and Mirrors
should be done using the TOP-TO-BOTTOM
approach, either vertically or horizontally or
both.
 Dust Cloths should be colour-coded to avoid
cross contamination. The international
VACUUMING AND MOPPING
 Vacuuming is the act of using a suction
machine to suck out dust and dirt from
furniture and other surfaces. The machine
has pressure, built in as a result of electricity.
Rugs, Carpets, Window slabs, cushions and
various floors can be vacuumed. The General
procedure is to dust before vacuuming.
 Wet and damp mopping is usually confined
to
floor areas directly concerned with water. It is
done
with detergent or other cleaning agents. Floor
surfaces such as; Tiles, Marbles, Terrazzo,
TOOLS TO HANDLE
SPILLAGE
 Protective clothing- Gloves, Gowns,
Masks, Goggle, Tissue paper, Paper
towel
 Forceps for removal of broken glass
and other sharp object.
 Container of Sodium Hypochlorite or
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate
(NaDCC)- Haz Tabs, P resept.
Dr Anjum Hashmi
HOW TO CLEAN BLOOD AND
BODY FLUID SPILL
 Place a wet floor signage
 Put on PPE (Personal protective
equipment)
 Pick up sharp objects with Forceps
 Cover the area with paper
(Tissue/Towels) and pour bleach.
Allow to act for 3-5 minutes
 Clean up and pour bleach again for 3-
5 minutes.
 Clean up, dispose, disinfect and wash
hands and equipment used.
CLEANING PUBLIC AREAS
The cleaning procedures of these places
depend
on their location, the materials that make up the
furniture, the traffic flow/usage, construction
etc.
Below are some general guidelines that should
help the public area attendant;
 Always use and place the caution sign in
obvious places when cleaning.
 Target to clean public areas when the traffic is
low if you can help it.
 Place cleaning agents and equipment in
discreet areas where guests are unlikely to
 Study the materials used for the furniture in every
area in order to know the right cleaning agents
and cleaning methods to use and adopt.
 Be clean and well groomed at all times and be
courteous because you will come in contact with a
lot of guests.
 When the traffic is a lot, do not clean around the
guests because you would have to ask them to lift
their legs and arms and also to change their
posture or position and this can make some
guests very displeased. Clean other areas where
there is less traffic and then return when the
guests are few.
RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S
CLEANING PUBLIC AREAS
 Clean busy areas like the front desk in
the morning and they should be cleaned
thoroughly.
 Have eyes for details and try to reach
difficult areas. Clean intricate areas and
corners and avoid depositing dirt in
discreet areas where they can be easily
forgotten, pack up dirt as soon as a
place is cleaned.
 Some areas will entail the use of ladders
and other equipment, safety measures
should be carried out when using these
equipment to secure the housekeeper
and the guest.
CLEANING PUBLIC AREAS
HOUSEKEEPING IN
OFFICES
Additional housekeeping factors here,
apart from routine cleaning, include the
following;
 Deep cleaning must be completed before
or after office hours
 Maintenance of indoor plants and flower
arrangements must be regularly
attended to.
 Disposal of confidential waste must take
place by way incineration or using a
shredder.
 Apply disinfectant to telephone mouth
CARE FOR CLEANING
EQUIPMENT
The care of cleaning equipment cannot be over
emphasized because it aids durability,
appearance
and effectiveness. Cleaning equipment should
be
stored in the right places which should be well
ventilated. In matters of hygiene, they play a
major
role. For instance; if a mop stick is not properly
taken care of, moulds can grow on them and
when
they are used to clean rooms, they can pollute
the environment with foul smell and they can
also
CARE FOR CLEANING
EQUIPMENT
 DRY MOPS- Combed or brushed after
use. The base cloth should be
washed, dried and replaced often
 DAMP MOPS- Washed with a
synthetic detergent and water, rinsed,
and left to dry in an airy place.
 BROOMS/BRUSHES/
COBWEB REMOVER-Comb after use
and store with thistles up.
CARE FOR CLEANING
EQUIPMENT
 MOP BUCKETS/DUST PANS &
DUST CLOTH- Wash, rinse and dry
after use.
 FURNITURE POLISH AND OTHER
CLEANING AGENTS- These should
have their caps/lids in place, tightly
closed and labelled. A cleaning store
is essential in a home/property to
store cleaning agents/tools.
CARE FOR CLEANING
EQUIPMENT
A CLEANING STORE IS ESSENTIAL FOR
DURABILITY OF THE CLEANING TOOLS, FOR
ORDER IN THE HOME, FOR SAFETY ETC. A MAKE
SHIFT STORE IS ADVISABLE ESPECIALLY WHEN A
STORE WAS NOT FACTORED INTO THE BUILDING
LAYING THE BED WITH THE
FIVE SHEETS
 Mattress protector
 Bottom sheet
 Top sheet
 Duvet
 Duvet cover
 Bed cover or decorative linen
 Pillow cases
 Strip the bed of all linen, fold up neatly
and place on a clean surface or into the
trolley
 Straighten the mattress protector
LAYING THE BED WITH THE
FIVE SHEETS
 Lay bottom sheet, right side up and mitre
 Place top sheet, wrong side up
 Put duvet into duvet cover and place four
inches from the bed board
 Fold back top sheet on duvet and duvet
cover to get a folded pattern
 Mitre all corners
 Cover with a bed cover or place a
decorative linen at the foot of the bed
 Put pillows into pillow cases and place
according to standards
CLEANING THE TOILET
 One needs a Toilet Basket
 A Mop Stick
 A broom and Dust Pan
 Bin Bag
The Toilet Basket will contain-
 A Tooth brush
 Two sponges for the Sink and the Toilet bowl
 Dust Cloths for the mirrors, window, sinks
and the Toilet Bowls
 A Soapy detergent, Toilet Cleaner and a
Disinfectant/ Bleach
 Hand Gloves
CLEANING THE TOILET
 Ventilate, empty the sanitary bin, clean
the mirror, carry out extra cleaning if
necessary- remove cobwebs, Clean
windows, door knobs, wipe tiles etc.
 Flush toilets, apply soap and bleach.
 Wash, rinse and dry the sinks
 Wash the toilet from the WC down to
the toilet seat. Wash the toilet bowl
with a sponge because the toilet brush
is meant for the user not the
CLEANING THE TOILET
 Wipe off lather with a red dust cloth
 Use a damp cloth to wipe the toilet(top-to-
bottom)
 Dry with a dry cloth
 Flush the toilet
 Leave the toilet seat closed
 Replenish supplies such as toilet rolls, hand
wash, hand towels/napkins, air fresheners,
sanitary towel wraps etc
 Mop the floor or clean the floor with a floor
cloth
 Clean the toilet basket and all the equipment
and agents used.
CLEANING THE
BATHROOMS
 Clean the Baths first, Wash the walls
and the floor of the Baths, Rinse
properly and dry the fixtures.(Use the
Top-To-Bottom approach)
 Place the Guest Supplies according to
Standard
 Clean the floor with a floor cloth or
mop stick.
ETHICS FOR
HOUSEKEEPERSHousekeepers are exposed to the
property of guests, important documents,
sensitive items etc, it is important that they
take care of the following ethical practices;
 Do not open cabinets, wardrobes,
drawers, safety deposit boxes or any other
place containing personal items.
 Do not use the personal items of guests.
Place them in safe places
 Do not have unnecessary personal
dealings with guests/customers
 Do not read documents, books, articles etc
of the guests.
ETHICS FOR
HOUSEKEEPERS
 Do not pilfer
 Do not leave cleaning areas insecure,
take care of keys and hand them over
to authorized persons
 Be punctual
 Do not lie, follow official procedures
concerning sick leaves, off days,
annual leaves etc
 Avoid unreasonable short cuts in
cleaning

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Hospital housekeeping

  • 1. CLEANING TECHNIQUES FOR HOUSEKEEPERS AN INSIGHT INTO HOSPITAL HOUSEKEEPING Anastasia. I Housekeeping Lecturer
  • 2. THE ORDER OF CLEANINGA QUICK CLASS EXERCISE Arrange the following in the right order of cleaning  Clean windows  Clean fans  Cobweb  Sweep  Dust furniture, fixtures, fittings etc  Mop  Empty trash  Ventilate the room  Close the windows  Spray Air freshener  Close the door  Knock on the door and open the door  Get the right cleaning equipment and agent  Put on Uniforms and safety wear and Check cleaning schedule  Clean, return and store cleaning equipment and agents
  • 3. DEFINITION OF HOUSEKEEPING • Housekeeping is the provision of a clean, comfortable, safe and aesthetically appealing environment. (RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)  Housekeeping is the maintenance of a clean, pleasant and orderly environment which has always formed an essential part of civilized living.
  • 4. THE IMPORTANCE OF HOUSEKEEPING Housekeeping is often perceived as a tedious job but One feels comfortable only in the environment which is clean and well ordered, so cleanliness is important for the health of persons. Cleaning is carried out for the following reasons;  Aesthetic appeal  Hygiene  Maintenance  Safety
  • 5. AESTHETIC APPEAL  Leave every surface clean. Ceilings, floors, furniture, walls, windows, fixtures, fittings etc.  Leave the area tidy and place every item in the right place. Maintain order on table tops, arrange books, pens and other items, keeping symmetry in mind.  Take care of indoor plants. Water natural plants, get rid of dead plants, clean the pots, vases and leaves. Keep artificial flowers and other artefacts free of dust. Use feather dusters on paintings and fragile decorative items.
  • 6. HYGIENE  The process of cleaning is a hygienic practice because it gets rid of dust, dirt and germs.  A Housekeeper must be well kempt(Change under garments regularly, brush the teeth and keep the breath fresh, wear clean and ironed uniforms, Shave regularly, use anti-perspirants, Keep the hair clean and tidy)  Avoid cross contamination by using disinfectants
  • 7. HYGIENE  The use of colour coded equipment helps to avoid cross contamination as well. The universal colour code is RED- for toilets i.e Red dust cloths, Mop buckets, Mop sticks etc. YELLOW- for sinks, BLUE- for furniture and GREEN for the kitchen.  Special attention should be paid to sensitive areas such as the toilets, bathrooms, all the areas in the hospitals etc
  • 8. HYGIENE  The housekeeper needs a lot of order and presence of mind to be thorough, fast, effective and efficient and at the same time being cautious and sensitive to the health of others and to his or her health as well.  Changing hand gloves, dust cloths, washing the hands regularly, disinfecting cleaning equipment and keeping them clean ensures personal and environmental hygiene.
  • 9. MAINTENANCE  The very act of cleaning is a routine maintenance for that area being cleaned as such; the housekeeper needs to be vigilant in observing items, equipment, appliances etc that are out place and need repairs.  Observing is one step, the next step is to report to the relevant/appropriate personnel and the third step is to follow up the repairs.
  • 10. MAINTENANCE  The housekeeper needs to acquire skills of simple maintenance procedures such as driving in nails, changing bulbs, tightening screws etc  Maintenance of the cleaning agents and equipment is also very important. This entails storing them properly in a cleaning store that is airy. Other tips will be given subsequently.
  • 11. SAFETY  The safety of housekeepers is important as well as the safety of those who benefit from their services.  The use PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT is essential. Examples of PPE are nose masks, hand gloves, covered shoes, uniforms, goggles, ear plugs etc  The housekeeper needs to get rid of all hazards when cleaning to ensure
  • 12. SAFETY Hazards can be categorized as; o Microbiological- Micro-organisms. They are gotten rid of mainly through disinfecting and sterilizing. o Physical-Hair human/ pet, Insects and pests, Nuts and Bolts, Drawing Pins, Soil etc. They can be gotten rid of by cleaning. o Chemical- Cleaning agents. They should be labelled, tightly closed, stored in the right place and used according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
  • 14. OBJECTIVES OF HOSPITAL HOUSEKEEPING  To maintain a high reputation of a government hospital  To meet the expectations of the patients and community as a whole  To create a clean, safe, comfortable, aesthetic and hygienic environment  To create a courteous, reliable and congenial environment  To ensure an adequate support of motivated Staff
  • 15. OBJECTIVES OF HOSPITAL HOUSEKEEPING  To create and maintain a good interdepartmental cordial relation  To ensure proper quality control of sanitary equipment and cleaning agents  Proper record keeping and feedback to all concerned  Interdepartmental communication Objectives of hospital housekeeping by Dr N.C Das
  • 16. COMPONENTS OF HOSPITAL HOUSEKEEPING(Dr N.C Das) Appealing Interior decor and design Proper waste disposal Hospital Infection control Pest and Rodent control Sanitation and Cleanliness
  • 17. COMPONENTS OF HOSPITAL HOUSEKEEPING (Dr N.C Das) Odour control Clean and appealing Restrooms Adequate water supply Greenary comfort
  • 18. HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS (RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)  In hospitals, hygiene and cleanliness are of particular importance in reducing the threat of cross infection with the result that housekeeping is highly organized.  Housekeeping extends towards the laboratories, administrative areas, doctors’ chambers, lecture rooms, treatment rooms, waiting areas, mortuaries, kitchens, dining areas and high risk areas- operation theatres, intensive care units, transplant units, premature baby units and isolation wards. The organizational structure of a housekeeping department in a hospital varies according to the type and size of the hospital.
  • 19. HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS (RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S) The scope of hospital housekeeping is enormous. Here, control of dust and germs is so important that the cleaning equipment may have features that not to be found in other establishments, such as;  Electrical equipment fitted with extra filters to reduce the risk of dust distribution.  Electrical equipment fitted with silencers to minimize irritation to patients.  Colours used to identify equipment for
  • 20. HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS (RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S) Cleaning methods may also differ slightly. For example;  Dusting is carried out with damp cloths only, so that dust is better controlled.  Sweeping is carried out using mops with heads that can be sterilized or disposed of after each cleaning session. The responsibilities of the hospital housekeeping team may include;  Maintaining a high degree of cleanliness and hygiene with a focus on health.  Ensuring safety and security
  • 21. HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS (RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)  Pest control  Control over contracted cleaning agencies  Providing staff uniforms.  Laundering hospital linen, uniforms and surgical suits. In the wards, responsibilities also include;  Cleaning and bed making, which must be done with the least amount of disturbance to the patients.  Arranging flowers and delivering and collecting the mails of patients.  Caring for clothes and personal belongings
  • 22. HOUSEKEEPING IN HOSPITALS (RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S)  Terminal cleaning of rooms, which must be done soon after a patient is discharged and before a new patient is admitted to the room. This includes total disinfection of the room, including all furniture and fixtures. Linen is subjected to a high temperature wash which is called a TERMINAL WASH.
  • 23. PRECAUTIONS All employees working in high risk areas must wear protective clothing and be gowned and mask if required. Gowns may be of the disposable variety or made of cotton. Once used, they should be treated as infected items and will require specific disinfection. Hands must be washed before entering, cleaning and after leaving a unit to prevent spreading of infection. Cleaning materials and agents must be suitably coded and after use, they must be disinfected or changed. Waste arising in isolation areas must be disposed of separately and appropriately. Syringes and sharp articles must be disposed of
  • 24. HOSPITAL HOUSEKEEPING(TRENDS)  Appealing colours of walls and corridors  Mechanized cleaning  Elimination of unpleasant odour  Control of noise  Control of noise  Control of infection through CSSD (Central sterilization and supply department)
  • 25. AREAS WITHIN THE PURVIEW OF HOSPITAL HOUSEKEEPINGLOW RISK AREAS  Administrative areas  Waiting rooms  Non-sterile supply areas  Medical records  Central store  Engineering workshop  Library  Conference and meeting area  Staff changing facilities (Staff Lounge) By Dr Anjum Hashmi
  • 26. AREAS WITHIN THE PURVIEW OF HOSPITAL HOUSEKEEPINGHIGH RISK AREAS  CSSD (Central sterilization supply department)  Emergency department  Catering facilities (includes all kitchen and cafeteria)  Day Surgery unit  Treatment room  Maternity ward  Pediatric Surgery ward By Dr Anjum Hashmi
  • 27. AREAS WITHIN THE PURVIEW OF HOSPITAL HOUSEKEEPINGVERY HIGH RISK AREAS  Isolation room  Intensive care unit  Operating room  Neonatal care unit  Pharmacy I V preparation room  Delivery room  Immuno-compromised Patient areas By Dr Anjum Hashmi
  • 28. AREAS WITHIN THE PURVIEW OF HOSPITAL HOUSEKEEPINGMODERATE RISK AREAS  Patient wards  Out-Patient department  Physiotherapy  Pharmacy  Laboratories  Mortuary  Radiology  Accommodation  Employee Health Clinic  Cardiology By Dr Anjum Hashmi
  • 29. ITEMS TO BE CLEANED By Dr Anjum Hashmi  Baby baths, Cots  Bed frames  Ceilings  Urinals  Curtains  Floors  Housekeeping Equipment  Lockers  Incubator  Mattresses, Pillows  Sinks, Wash hand basin  Soap dispensers  Telephones  Toilets/ Bidets  Walls, Baths, Bowls  Bed pans, Wheel chairs  Toys, switches, sockets  Stretchers, Data points  Furniture, Mirrors  Glasses, Fridges  Showers  Bins, Sanitary bins
  • 30. SELECTION OF CLEANING AGENTS It should be ;  Mild  Of good quality  Bactericidal  Of a wide microbe spectrum  Non corrosive  Pleasant in terms of odour
  • 31. SOME CONSTITUENTS OF CLEANING AGENTS AND THEIR USES  Ammonia: Liquid ammonia is a solution of ammonia gas in water, held as ammonium hydroxide. It is a strong alkali used for softening water, cleaning window panes & emulsifying grease.  Hydrochloric acid: this is corrosive & poisonous mineral acid, used diluted for removing stains in bathrooms.  Lemon: Lemon is used for removing ink stains from wooden surfaces.
  • 32. SOME CONSTITUENTS OF CLEANING AGENTS AND THEIR USES  Linseed oil: This is obtained from crushed seeds of the flax plant. It is a constituent of furniture polishes & paints. It darkens unpainted wood slightly.  Methylated spirits: This is used for cleaning window panes & mirrors to a shine. It is a constituent of varnishes & lacquers.  Oxalic acid: This is an organic acid used for the removal of stains from fabrics & bath fittings. It is also used for cleaning porcelain.  Turpentine: This is constituent of paints. It is also diluents for paints & removes
  • 33. SOME CONSTITUENTS OF CLEANING AGENTS AND THEIR USES  Sodium Hypochlorite- Removing stains and whitening due to bleaching action on various types of surfaces. Acts as a disinfectant.  Vaseline: this is obtained as a residue in petroleum distillation. It prevents rust formation on metals, acts as a lubricant & may be applied on leather to make it soft & supple.  Vinegar: Chemically this is 4% acetic acid. It is used to remove stains & tarnish from metals such as copper. It is also effective in removing streaks from glass surfaces such as window panes & mirrors. 6% acetic acid can remove hard water stains while 5% acetic acid is suitable for making glass cleaners with soft water, methylated spirit and
  • 34. CLEANING AGENTS Others are;  Water-Distilled, Hot and warm water  Carbon Tetrachloride  Soapy detergent  Synthetic detergent  Chlorine  Disinfectants-Phenols (strong), Natural pine oil, Halogens (Chlorine &Iodine)
  • 35. CLEANING TERMINOLOGIES  Sweeping  Wet/Damp Dusting  Dry Dusting  Cob webbing  Spray cleaning  Vacuuming  Wet/Damp Mopping  Dry Mopping  Polishing  Buffing  Stripping  Sealing  Disinfecting
  • 38. GETTING READY TO CLEAN  First, it is important to dress appropriately. Flat covered shoes, the hair should be packed, make-up should be light and the clothes should be free, airy and if possible, get a cleaning overall (to be professional).  Carry out a tour of your cleaning area and make a list of all the places and items to be cleaned.  Schedule these into a cleaning Plan-Daily, Weekly, Monthly, Fortnightly, Quarterly, Bi- annually and Annually.  Follow the Cleaning plan strictly. This applies for places that are cleaned on a regular basis  For one-offs/contract cleaning, it is enough to prioritize following the terms of the contract
  • 39. PRINCIPLES OF CLEANING These are the basic rules to follow in any kind of cleaning activity, whatever the nature of the surface or the soil.  All soil should be removed without harming the surface being cleaned or the surrounding surfaces.  The surface should be restored to its original state  The top-to-bottom approach should be always used  The cleaner should start cleaning from the farthest end of an area working towards the exit.
  • 40. PRINCIPLES OF CLEANING  When cleaning an area, start with the cleaner surfaces before proceeding to clean the heavily soiled area. As such, restrooms and other sensitive areas should be cleaned last as it pertains to order in cleaning areas.  Stains should be removed as soon as possible.  Noise levels should be low.  The Housekeeper should ensure to reach corners and edges. Search for dirt and clean them out.  After cleaning, all equipment should be cleaned, washed, dried and stored in accordance with the type of equipment.
  • 41. GETTING READY TO CLEAN  Check the schedule to see where you are cleaning.  Check the cleaning plan to know what sort of cleaning is to be done. For example; Sweeping, Dusting, Mopping, Cob webbing etc  Get all equipment and agents to the area of cleaning.  Knock on the door, put on the lights (when necessary), ventilate(Open the windows, shutters etc), Empty the bin/ trash and commence the cleaning.  Dust the area moving in a clockwise or an anti-clockwise direction in order to avoid missing out any item.
  • 42. THE RIGHT ORDER OF CLEANING  Using the principles of cleaning you have just learnt and the tips on getting ready to clean, re-do the class exercise on slide 3  Remember all that is needed to clean, the professionalism/courtesy of alerting the recipient of your service, top-to- bottom approach, dusting in order, cleaning cleaner surfaces first, tidying up the area and care of equipment.  Re-arrange the order; DUST, SWEEP, MOP, VACUUM
  • 43. SWEEPING, MOPPING AND REMOVING COBWEBS Sweep away from you, the broom goes in a back and forth movement. The housekeeper holds the broom at the tip and pushes dirt forward focusing on one side and later moving to the clean side to sweep the dirty side.  Mop towards you. Hold the Mop stick firmly and mop side-to-side making sure that dirt is not deposited at the edges.  Use ladders to reach high places not tables, chairs, stools etc  Clean the top and bottom of fan blades and in the same position, using your hands, rotate the fan slowly to get to the next blade  Use the cob web remover to reach edges of ceilings, fixtures, shelves, behind doors, window frames, beneath furniture etc
  • 44. SWEEPING, MOPPING AND REMOVING COBWEBS  Sweeping ( a daily task)/Brushing The removal of surface dust and non- greasy soil with brooms and a dust pan.(floors, foot-mats, furniture, pavements etc)  Dry mopping (a daily task) The light buffing of a floor, using a soft polishing mop or an impregnated mop.(Wide floor space)  Cob webbing (a weekly task) The act of removing cobweb with a cobweb remover.(ceilings, book shelves, walls, behind furniture) In each of these tasks mentioned, it is important to reach corners, edges, behind heavy furniture, between two furniture etc
  • 45. DUSTING(an important act of cleaning)  Dry dusting(a daily task) Surface dust is removed with a soft dry cloth which is washed and dried after use.(preferably, COTTON for furniture and LINEN for Glass, Mirrors and Windows. (furniture, window slabs, pelmets, switches/sockets, baseboards etc)  Damp dusting (frequency is dependent on the item) Removal of grease, finger marks etc., by using a cloth wrung out in water and mild detergent, then rinsed again and left to dry. This is done when the surface is very dusty, oily and greasy. (windows, fans, nets, burglary, doors, walls, furniture, pelmets,
  • 46. DUSTING  Dusting is done in a clockwise or anti- clockwise direction, to avoid missing any object/furniture.  It is important to get PROPER DUST CLOTHS and care for them by washing them immediately after use (if possible) and storing them in a bag. Feather dusters can also be used.  Dusting Glasses, Windows and Mirrors should be done using the TOP-TO-BOTTOM approach, either vertically or horizontally or both.  Dust Cloths should be colour-coded to avoid cross contamination. The international
  • 47. VACUUMING AND MOPPING  Vacuuming is the act of using a suction machine to suck out dust and dirt from furniture and other surfaces. The machine has pressure, built in as a result of electricity. Rugs, Carpets, Window slabs, cushions and various floors can be vacuumed. The General procedure is to dust before vacuuming.  Wet and damp mopping is usually confined to floor areas directly concerned with water. It is done with detergent or other cleaning agents. Floor surfaces such as; Tiles, Marbles, Terrazzo,
  • 48. TOOLS TO HANDLE SPILLAGE  Protective clothing- Gloves, Gowns, Masks, Goggle, Tissue paper, Paper towel  Forceps for removal of broken glass and other sharp object.  Container of Sodium Hypochlorite or Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC)- Haz Tabs, P resept. Dr Anjum Hashmi
  • 49. HOW TO CLEAN BLOOD AND BODY FLUID SPILL  Place a wet floor signage  Put on PPE (Personal protective equipment)  Pick up sharp objects with Forceps  Cover the area with paper (Tissue/Towels) and pour bleach. Allow to act for 3-5 minutes  Clean up and pour bleach again for 3- 5 minutes.  Clean up, dispose, disinfect and wash hands and equipment used.
  • 50. CLEANING PUBLIC AREAS The cleaning procedures of these places depend on their location, the materials that make up the furniture, the traffic flow/usage, construction etc. Below are some general guidelines that should help the public area attendant;  Always use and place the caution sign in obvious places when cleaning.  Target to clean public areas when the traffic is low if you can help it.  Place cleaning agents and equipment in discreet areas where guests are unlikely to
  • 51.  Study the materials used for the furniture in every area in order to know the right cleaning agents and cleaning methods to use and adopt.  Be clean and well groomed at all times and be courteous because you will come in contact with a lot of guests.  When the traffic is a lot, do not clean around the guests because you would have to ask them to lift their legs and arms and also to change their posture or position and this can make some guests very displeased. Clean other areas where there is less traffic and then return when the guests are few. RAGHUBALAN.G, & RAGHUBALAN.S CLEANING PUBLIC AREAS
  • 52.  Clean busy areas like the front desk in the morning and they should be cleaned thoroughly.  Have eyes for details and try to reach difficult areas. Clean intricate areas and corners and avoid depositing dirt in discreet areas where they can be easily forgotten, pack up dirt as soon as a place is cleaned.  Some areas will entail the use of ladders and other equipment, safety measures should be carried out when using these equipment to secure the housekeeper and the guest. CLEANING PUBLIC AREAS
  • 53. HOUSEKEEPING IN OFFICES Additional housekeeping factors here, apart from routine cleaning, include the following;  Deep cleaning must be completed before or after office hours  Maintenance of indoor plants and flower arrangements must be regularly attended to.  Disposal of confidential waste must take place by way incineration or using a shredder.  Apply disinfectant to telephone mouth
  • 54. CARE FOR CLEANING EQUIPMENT The care of cleaning equipment cannot be over emphasized because it aids durability, appearance and effectiveness. Cleaning equipment should be stored in the right places which should be well ventilated. In matters of hygiene, they play a major role. For instance; if a mop stick is not properly taken care of, moulds can grow on them and when they are used to clean rooms, they can pollute the environment with foul smell and they can also
  • 55. CARE FOR CLEANING EQUIPMENT  DRY MOPS- Combed or brushed after use. The base cloth should be washed, dried and replaced often  DAMP MOPS- Washed with a synthetic detergent and water, rinsed, and left to dry in an airy place.  BROOMS/BRUSHES/ COBWEB REMOVER-Comb after use and store with thistles up.
  • 56. CARE FOR CLEANING EQUIPMENT  MOP BUCKETS/DUST PANS & DUST CLOTH- Wash, rinse and dry after use.  FURNITURE POLISH AND OTHER CLEANING AGENTS- These should have their caps/lids in place, tightly closed and labelled. A cleaning store is essential in a home/property to store cleaning agents/tools.
  • 57. CARE FOR CLEANING EQUIPMENT A CLEANING STORE IS ESSENTIAL FOR DURABILITY OF THE CLEANING TOOLS, FOR ORDER IN THE HOME, FOR SAFETY ETC. A MAKE SHIFT STORE IS ADVISABLE ESPECIALLY WHEN A STORE WAS NOT FACTORED INTO THE BUILDING
  • 58. LAYING THE BED WITH THE FIVE SHEETS  Mattress protector  Bottom sheet  Top sheet  Duvet  Duvet cover  Bed cover or decorative linen  Pillow cases  Strip the bed of all linen, fold up neatly and place on a clean surface or into the trolley  Straighten the mattress protector
  • 59. LAYING THE BED WITH THE FIVE SHEETS  Lay bottom sheet, right side up and mitre  Place top sheet, wrong side up  Put duvet into duvet cover and place four inches from the bed board  Fold back top sheet on duvet and duvet cover to get a folded pattern  Mitre all corners  Cover with a bed cover or place a decorative linen at the foot of the bed  Put pillows into pillow cases and place according to standards
  • 60. CLEANING THE TOILET  One needs a Toilet Basket  A Mop Stick  A broom and Dust Pan  Bin Bag The Toilet Basket will contain-  A Tooth brush  Two sponges for the Sink and the Toilet bowl  Dust Cloths for the mirrors, window, sinks and the Toilet Bowls  A Soapy detergent, Toilet Cleaner and a Disinfectant/ Bleach  Hand Gloves
  • 61. CLEANING THE TOILET  Ventilate, empty the sanitary bin, clean the mirror, carry out extra cleaning if necessary- remove cobwebs, Clean windows, door knobs, wipe tiles etc.  Flush toilets, apply soap and bleach.  Wash, rinse and dry the sinks  Wash the toilet from the WC down to the toilet seat. Wash the toilet bowl with a sponge because the toilet brush is meant for the user not the
  • 62. CLEANING THE TOILET  Wipe off lather with a red dust cloth  Use a damp cloth to wipe the toilet(top-to- bottom)  Dry with a dry cloth  Flush the toilet  Leave the toilet seat closed  Replenish supplies such as toilet rolls, hand wash, hand towels/napkins, air fresheners, sanitary towel wraps etc  Mop the floor or clean the floor with a floor cloth  Clean the toilet basket and all the equipment and agents used.
  • 63. CLEANING THE BATHROOMS  Clean the Baths first, Wash the walls and the floor of the Baths, Rinse properly and dry the fixtures.(Use the Top-To-Bottom approach)  Place the Guest Supplies according to Standard  Clean the floor with a floor cloth or mop stick.
  • 64. ETHICS FOR HOUSEKEEPERSHousekeepers are exposed to the property of guests, important documents, sensitive items etc, it is important that they take care of the following ethical practices;  Do not open cabinets, wardrobes, drawers, safety deposit boxes or any other place containing personal items.  Do not use the personal items of guests. Place them in safe places  Do not have unnecessary personal dealings with guests/customers  Do not read documents, books, articles etc of the guests.
  • 65. ETHICS FOR HOUSEKEEPERS  Do not pilfer  Do not leave cleaning areas insecure, take care of keys and hand them over to authorized persons  Be punctual  Do not lie, follow official procedures concerning sick leaves, off days, annual leaves etc  Avoid unreasonable short cuts in cleaning