this books talks about the principles of urban design with various examples the book has been simplified in this ppt

1. STREET, PUBLIC SQUARE FAÇADE
UDURBAN DESIGN
Antony Francis
Darshan Jain
Indrajit koner

2. ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Rob Krier ( b orn 1 9 3 8 in Greven mac h er ) is
a Lu xemb ou rg ian sc u lptor, arc h itec t, u rb an
d esig n er an d th eorist.
He is former p rofessor of arc h itec tu re
at Vienna University of Technology, Austria.
F rom 1 9 9 3 to mid -2 0 1 0 h e worked in
p artn ersh ip with arc h itec t Ch ristop h Koh l in a
joint offic e b ased in Berlin , Germany.
He is th e old er b roth er of fellow
arc h itec t Léon Krier. Both are well -kn own
rep resentatives of New Urb an ism an d New
Classical A rc h itec tu re.

3. CONCEPT OF URBAN SPACE
The concept of urban space without imposing aesthetic criteria
,he says are compelled to designate all types of space Between
buildings in town and other localities as urban space .
Space is geometrically bounded by a variety of elevations .It is
only the clear legibility of its geometrical characteristics and
aesthetic qualities which allow us consciously to perceive
external space as urban space .
The polarity of internal and external space are constantly seen in
this chapter ,since both obey very similar laws not only in
function but also in the form .
Internal space , shielded from weather and environment is an
effective symbol of privacy :external space is seen as open
,unobstructed for movement in open air ,with public semi private
and private zones .
3

4. FR
The space
• He analyzes the typological & morphological elements of urban space.
Urban space can be described as external space in town. He has seen it as
open unobstructed space for movement in open air, with public,
semipublic & private zone.
• The concept of urban space has been elaborated as space between
buildings in towns & other localities. After taking consideration aesthetic
criteria, he observes that urban space has been organized according to its
socio political & cultural attitudes.
• Urban space has been applied to interior spaces like corridor & rooms. He
has considered square & streets as basic elements of urban spaces.
• The only difference is the dimensions of the walls which bound &
characterize them. Square has been illustrated with grouping houses
around an open space & street. It is described as a product of the spread
of settlement when houses are being built along the available space.
4

5. FR
The space
5

6. FR
The street
6
The street is a product of spread of a settlement once the houses are built on the available space
around it's central square .
It provides framework and distribution of land and gives access to individual plots .it is more
profoundly functional character than the square ,which by virtue of its size is a most attractive place
to pass time than the street ,in whose confines one is involuntarily caught up in traffic

7. FR
The street
7
Streets are planned to scale of human being , automobile etc .it rarely
operates as an autonomous isolated space , as for example in the cases of
villages built along the single street . It is mainly perceived as a part of
networks .
Towns have made us familiar with the in exhaustible diversity of spatial
relationship produced by such a complex layout .

8. FR
The street
8

9. FR
The square
Add a footer 9

10. FR
The square and it's functions
Add a footer 10

11. FR
Typology of urban space Different forms & modulating
factors
Add a footer 11
Author has considered three basic geometric shapes-square, circle &
triangle. These three shapes are affected by modulating factors like
angling, segmentation, addition, merging, overlapping & distortion.
These factors can produce regular & irregular results of these spatial
forms. Another thing is large no of building sections which influence
quality of space. He has described ‘closed space’ that is surrounded by
buildings & ‘open space’ partially surrounded.
Scale is also considered one of the factor which plays important role in
all spatial forms. Different scale gives different effects on urban scale.

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13. FRMORPOLOGICAL URBAN
SPACE
13
Rob Krier has illustrated different examples for morphology of
urban space. Range of possible form can be found from historic
towns. He has illustrated it with different examples.
Hanover Square in London from 18th century It has orthogonal
regular ground plan with four central intersections.
Piazza Novona in Rome It is geometrically complex form. It is
combination of several spatial forms & many streets which enters
the square.
Dauphine in Paris It is regular triangular square. This is rarely seen in
history of town planning. The triangular Square can be formed
generally by two roads forking.
Author feels- in town planning history, in our modern cities these
spatial forms are criminally neglected even though they are obvious
& common.

15. FR
Erosion of urban space
15
The observation has been done regarding erosion of
urban space in 20th century. Erosion is ongoing process
& it is with us for long years with technological progress.
This era has started with invention of new military
technology.
Progress in weaponry neutralizes the defensive systems
of the cities. As armies were allowed to walk into the
cities for safety, city walls acting for protection were
demolished.
The need of protection had come up with new discipline
on every town. The activities like construction, rebuilding
& expansion grew in cities. Pressure for expansion of
cities led planners to think about rapid decisions.

16. FR
Redevelopment of the cities
16
This is author’s view point for redeveloping city. The example of Stuttgart is given.
Various possible approaches have been considered for reconstruction of various parts
of Stuttgart. During the Second World War the former coherent urban structure of
Stuttgart was destroyed.
The heart of city was broken up into a large number of small islands battered by heavy
traffic.
In this proposal, he tried to make downtown pedestrian friendly without excluding
cars. He tried to use redevelopment to weld isolated areas. Significance of pedestrian’s
awareness was eroded during the post war years because of costly civil engineering
programs & it was focused in Krier’s scheme. Particular attention was given on
restoring the continuity of spatial experience within urban context. The streets,
squares for pedestrians were designed to keep harmony with existing structures.

17. FR
Redevelopment of the cities
17

18. FRRedevelopment of the cities
18

19. FR
19Stuttgart as it was in 1855

20. FR
20
Difference between the pre and post war architecture

21. Thank you
PDF – rob keier , urban space
https://www.worldwidejournals.com/paripex/recent_is
sues_pdf/2015/December/December_2015_145027023
1__67.pdf
http://Wikipedia.com
Bibliography