There is a large gap between the skills possessed by India's workforce and the needs of the job market. 80% of the workforce lacks marketable skills, and 85% of graduates are unemployable in high-growth industries. Vocational training capacity meets the needs of only 2.3 million people, while the gap is over 18 million. Solutions proposed include introducing vocational education streams aligned with industry needs, improving industry connections through internships and partnerships, and encouraging entrepreneurship through funding and recognition of startups.

1. Front Slide
Employability and Skill Development
Team Name
Ashish Ranjan
Rajiv Ranjan
Poojan
Kalyan Bhaskar
Vatsal Jain

2. Problems
80 % of India’s workforce possesses no identifiable marketable skills
- A Planning Commission study
85 % of graduates are unemployable in India’s high growth industries
- NASSCOM report of 2012
48 % of Indian employers face difficulties in filling vacancies
- International Labor Organization survey
million people enrolled in vocation courses in China by 2012
90
5 million people enrolled in vocation courses in India by that time
National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) in 2009 on a private public partnership model
The gap between education to employability needs to be bridged for a sustainable growth model

3. Aiming for a Demographic Disaster
Dropouts
• 50 % students drop out between class 1 - 8
• Approx. 20-21 million after Class VIII
Formal training capacity
• Available only for - 2.3 million
Lack of new & innovative trades in
VET to attract young children's and
meet the Industry requirements
Though there is a Gap of 18.7 million. In India
so far we have identified only about 150 trades
with a choice of 3000 vocational streams and
only 2-3% of the youth (15-29 yrs) goes in for
formal vocational training.
Obviously there is a big Gap between the
Aspirations and the Availability.
Demand Side Supply Side
Skill development
• 1.3 million Indians over the next five years will
be untrained and undereducated
• Further crises to be caused by mismatch
between jobs available and skill shortage
Thus there is a Gap between the Needs of the
Industry and the Availability
• Children drop out as they do not see the
relevance of education to their lives
• Parents, the decision maker would rather
have their children enter the workplace as
they do not see how learning to read, write,
and do sums can help put bread on the table
• Education should have a tangible end
• Education should aim at improving future
employment prospects
Reasons

4. Lack of Jobs even at college levels
Dropouts
• 50 % students drop out between class 1 - 8
• Approx. 20-21 million after Class VIII
Formal training capacity
• Available only for - 2.3 million
Lack of new & innovative trades in
VET to attract young children's and
meet the Industry requirements
Though there is a Gap of 18.7 million. In India
so far we have identified only about 150 trades
with a choice of 3000 vocational streams and
only 2-3% of the youth (15-29 yrs) goes in for
formal vocational training.
Obviously there is a big Gap between the
Aspirations and the Availability.
Demand Side Supply Side
Skill development
• 1.3 million Indians over the next five years will
be untrained and undereducated
• Further crises to be caused by mismatch
between jobs available and skill shortage
Thus there is a Gap between the Needs of the
Industry and the Availability
• Children drop out as they do not see the
relevance of education to their lives
• Parents, the decision maker would rather
have their children enter the workplace as
they do not see how learning to read, write,
and do sums can help put bread on the table
• Education should have a tangible end
• Education should aim at improving future
employment prospects
Reasons

5. • Introduce vocational education streams across school boards in the country which is related to
current industrial situation
• Mandatory accreditation rating of higher educational institutions, particularly schools offering
professional education, to industry requirement, including the extent to which industry inputs are
taken in drafting curricula.
• The curriculum and the mandate needs to be updated, to focus on the demands of today’s industry
and the reality of where jobs lie.
• To implement a dedicated team of 5-6 members which take care of all the skill set and placement
related processes
– Placement officer (placement cell i.e)
– English tutor
– Senior Admin to regulate placements and other events
– One PR person for marketing
– One two similar role
• Curriculum Changes
– Like permanent two hour classes of English
– Revised English and soft skills courses to be introduced irrespective of the type of degree/diploma
• Improving industry connect through our team
• Improving the interaction of students thru:
– Part time job
– Intern culture
– Volunteer
• Involving more SMEs into the placement process (work of Placement cell)
Solutions: At School and College Level
SchoolCollege

6. Vocational Education and Training
– Synergies between Education (including modern vocational education training/skill
development), Innovation (converting ideas into wealth and employment) and
Entrepreneurship should be encouraged
– To be launched in partnership with educational institutions to give multiple level
qualifications
– More learner-centred and activity-based approach for students
– Teacher training programs to be more frequent and industry oriented to keep them
well informed of current requirements in the labour market
– Focus on “national level competency” development and no center/region based
reports
– Clear assessment guidelines and competency standards to encourage talents
– Designed to deliver latest industry standard training, in consultation with industry
experts

7. Encouraging entrepreneurship
• Creating a platform of budding
start-ups to share resources among
each other and get visibility
through associations
• Recognition and rewards right
from the local up to the national
level will energize and encourage
new entrepreneurs.
Need to demystify perceptions of risk and failure: by facilitating dissemination of
best practices as well as documentation of unsuccessful ideas in the entrepreneurial
space.
Basic guidelines and support system by industry experts for new firms
Availability of seed funding to aspiring entrepreneurs: Through positive efforts on
the part of banks, financial institutions, VCs, angel investors and private equity
(PE) funds

8. Encouraging entrepreneurship
• Agriculture and other activities: Crop production, Plantation,
Forestry, Livestock, Fishing, Mining and Quarrying.
Level 1
• Trading services: Wholesale and retail trade;
Hotels and restaurantsLevel 2
• Old economy or traditional sectors:
Manufacturing, Electricity, Gas and
Water supply
Level 3
• Emerging sectors (including
knowledge intensive sectors):
IT, Finance, Insurance and
Business services,
Construction, Community,
Social & Personal Services,
Supply Chain,
TransportStorage-
Communications etc.
Level 4

9. Youth Level Development
Youth-led Development
Peacechild Foundation first defined the concept of youth-led development. Today many
other UN agencies are also promoting and pursuing the idea of youth-led development as
a key tool in involving youth in the development process.
The Five Principles of Youth Led Development.
1. Youth define their own development goals and objectives;
2. Youth have a social and physical space to participate in development and to be
regularly consulted;
3. Adult mentorship and peer-to-peer mentorship are encouraged;
4. Youth act as role models to help other youth engage in development; and,
5. Youth are integrated into all local and national development programs and
frameworks.

10. • Parameters like
– Total placed
– Total interns increased
– Average increase in per capita income of students passing out
– Number of colleges to be visited by recruiters for the first time
Impact Analysis and Policy changes
Policy Changes
• Changing curriculum
• Redefining hierarchy for the new team formed
• Central monitoring and maintaining system
• Common portal for information exchange for similar graduation streams

11. • State of the Urban Youth, India 2012, Employment, Livelihoods,
Skills, Global Urban
• Youth Employment and Unemployment in India, S. Mahendra
Dev and M. Venkatanarayana, Indira Gandhi Institute of
Development Research (IGIDR)
• Technical Vocational Education & Training (Existing Systems,
Schemes, Models and Best Practices), Mrs. Sushma Berlia
• INTEGRATING VOCATIONAL STREAM IN SECONDARY
SCHOOL: A QUALITATIVE CASE STUDY, Mohamad Hisyam
Mohd. Hashim
• http://knowledgecommission.gov.in/downloads/documents/NKC_En
trepreneurship.pdf
• http://sajournalofeducation.co.za/index.php/saje/article/viewFile/64/
69
• http://www.kln.ac.lk/uokr/ASAIHL/SubThemeA8.pdf
Appendix and references