In Pharmaceutical science polymer is very important for many uses..specially pharmaceutical excipient...

1. Course Title: Basic Pharmaceutics &
Dosage Form Design
Course Code: BPH-2027
Welcome to my presentation
My topic name is –
“Polymers in Pharmaceutical
Science”

2. Presented to-Presented to-
Faria Farzana PerveenFaria Farzana Perveen
LecturerLecturer
Department of PharmacyDepartment of Pharmacy
Presented by-Presented by-
Imran HossainImran Hossain
Id-2015000300036Id-2015000300036
Batch-25Batch-25thth
(B)(B)

3. IntroductionIntroduction
PropertyProperty
CharacteristicsCharacteristics
ClassificationClassification
Application & Polymeric System in DrugApplication & Polymeric System in Drug
ExampleExample

4. Polymers are very large molecules made when hundreds of monomers
join together to form long chains by covalent bonds or chemical bonds.
The word ‘polymer’ comes from the Greek words poly (meaning
‘many’) and meros (meaning ‘parts’).
Example: POLYBUTADIENE =
(BUTADIENE+ BUTADIENE+......)n
Where n = 4,000
Polymer Science has been the backbone for the development of new
formulations for past few years and led to development of several
applications in pharmaceutical science.

5. The physical properties of a polymer, such as :-
 Polymers are organic, chain molecules
 They can, vary from a few hundreds to thousands of atoms long.
 The properties of polymers depend heavily on the molecule
length.
 Chain length - In general, the longer the chains the stronger the
polymer.
 Side groups - Polar side groups give stronger attraction between
polymer chains, making the polymer stronger.
 Cross-linking - If polymer chains are linked together by covalent
bonds, the polymer is harder and more difficult to melt.

6.  It Should be a wide range of physical, chemical properties.
 It Should be non-toxic and should be easily administered.
 It Should be cheap.
 It Should be easy to fabricate.
 It Should be low density.
 The polymer should be soluble and easy to synthesis.
 It should have finite molecular weight.
 It should be compatible with biological environment.
 It should be biodegradable.
 It should provide good drug polymer linkage.

7.  Classification based on source.
 Classification based on structure.
 Classification based on polymerisation.
 Classification based on molecular force.
 Classification based on composition.
Classification based on source
1. Natural polymers:- Proteins, Cellulose, Starch.
2. Semi-synthesis polymers:- Cellulose derivatives -
Cellulose acetate (Rayon).
3. Synthesis polymers:- Buna-S, Buna-R, Nylon,
Polythene, Polyester.

8. Classification based on structure
1.Linear polymers:- Pvc
2.Branched chain polymers:- Low density polymer.
3.Cross linked chain polymers:- Melamine.
Classification based on polymerization
1.Addition Polymers :- The formation of polythene from
ethene and polypropene from propene.
2.Condensation Polymers :- Dacron, nylon 6, etc

9. Classification based on molecular force
1. Elastomers :- Buna-S, buna-N, neoprene.
2. Fibers :- Polyamides (nylon 6, 6), polyesters .
3. Liquid resins :- Epoxy adhesives .
4. Plastics :- (a) Thermoplastic and (b) thermosetting
plastic .
Classification based on composition
1. Homopolymer :- Polyethylene, polystyrene.
2. Copolymer :- Silicone, Ethyl cellulose.

10.  Mainly used for drug delivery.
– As a coating material
examples :- Methyl cellulose, Propylene glycol.
– As a binders in tableting , examples: Acacia, Sodium alginate.
– As a thickening agent in suspension and ophthalmic preparations
Example: methyl cellulose.
– Gelatin used as suppository base, as an emulsifying agent and
suspending agent.
 Micelles for cancer therapeutics
 Targeted drug delivery systems
 Medicine:-
 Many biomaterials, especially heart valve replacements and blood vessels,
are made of polymers like Dacron, Teflon
 Venlafexine - Anti-depressant - Beeswax, Carnauba wax
 Domperidone - Anti-emetic - Carbopol-934

11. 1. Oral delivery system:- These techniques are capable of
controlling the rate of drug from the delivery systems that
can be utilized for controlled delivery of drugs.
Some of novel drug delivery system for oral controlled
release drug administration include:
Osmotic pressure controlled GI delivery system.
Diffusion controlled GI delivery system.
Bio[muco]adhesive GI delivery system.
2. Transdermal drug delivery system:- Mostly used when
the medicaments are applied on topical route. E.g.
Transdermal patch of copolamine, nitro glycerin etc.
Polymeric System in Drug

12. 3. Ocular Drug Delivery System:- It allows
prolonged contact of drug with the surface of the
eye. Highly viscous suspension and emulsion are
prepared to have such purpose. E.g. Pilocarpine
used in treatment of glaucoma.
Other,
1. Drug delivery of various contraceptives and
hormones.
2. Drug delivery and the treatment of diabetes

13. Polyethylene Glycol
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a polyether compound with many
applications from industrial manufacturing to medicine. PEG, PEO, or
POE refers to an oligomer or polymer of ethylene oxide.
Uses:-
Used to treat constipation. It works by holding water in the stool to
soften the stool and increases the number of bowel movements.
PEG is also used as an excipient in many pharmaceutical products.
E.g. solvent, surfactant, ointments, suppository base, tablet and
capsule lubricant.
PEG is the basis of many skin creams
PEG is also used as an anti-foaming agent in food.
PEG is used in a number of toothpastes as a dispersant.

14. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), also commonly called
polyvidone or povidone, is a water-soluble polymer made
from the monomer N-vinylpyrrolidone.
Use:-
Used as suspending and dispersing agent.
PVP was used as a plasma volume expander for trauma
victims after the 1950s.
It is used as a binder, Lubricants, Guidant's in many
pharmaceutical.

15. Smart Polymer
Smart polymers are polymers that respond to different
stimuli or changes in the environment. Smart polymers
appear in highly specialized applications and everyday
products alike.
Use:-
Smart drug delivery systems.
Stimuli-responsive surfaces.
Used as cancer therapy to identify tumors.
Killing of tumor.
Smart polymer in protein purification.
Smart polymer in gene therapy.