The functionality of 5G can be tested today using currently deployed LTE Advanced Technology.

1. Pre-5G Trial
Pakistan Telecommunication Authority
Licensing Division
May 2018

2. 5G Requirements

3. 5G Performance Gap w.r.t. 4G
IP Core10-20 ms

4. Proposed 5G Spectrum
Primary Objective Frequency Band
Typical
Applications
Benefit
Coverage Layer
Low Frequency (Below
2 GHz)
URLLC
Wide-area & deep indoor
coverage
Coverage &
Capacity Layer
Medium Frequencies
(2 - 6 GHz)
mMTC
Best compromise between
capacity and coverage
Super Data Layer
High Frequencies
(Above 6 GHz)
eMBB
Addressing specific use
cases requiring extremely
high data rates.
URLLC = Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications
mMTC = Massive Machine Type Communications
eMBB = Enhanced Mobile Broadband

5. TDD/FDD tradeoff

6. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)
• MIMO is used to increase the overall bitrate through transmission
of two (or more) different data streams on two (or more) different
antennas to be received by two or more antennas.
• Using multiple data streams for the same frequency, the data
throughput will double for a 2x2 MIMO system, and quadruple for a
4x4 MIMO system.

7. Throughput and Capacity versus SNIR
• We need to optimize the RF environment
• Good Signal to Interference + Noise Ratio (SINR) will result in high
data speed and will produce more traffic per investment
• Maximize the wanted signal, minimize the noise and interference in
the system (good isolation)

8. Throughput and Capacity versus SNIR
SINR is a better measure of potential performance than Signal Strength
(RSRP)

9. • DAS solutions can provide better SINR results since Inter-cell
Interference is lower than Small Cells
• Active DAS is preferred over Passive DAS because for passive
DAS, supporting 4x4 MIMO means running 4 times the amount of
infrastructure.
Distt. Antenna System (DAS) v/s Small Cells

10. High Order Modulations & Peak data Rates
• QAM, Quadrature amplitude modulation is widely used in many digital
data radio communications and data communications applications.
• The advantage of using QAM is that it is a higher order form of
modulation and as a result it is able to carry more bits of information
per symbol. By selecting a higher order format of QAM, the data rate
of a link can be increased.
Modulation
Bits per
symbol
Symbol Rate
BPSK 1 1 x bit rate
QPSK 2 1/2 bit rate
8PSK 3 1/3 bit rate
16QAM 4 1/4 bit rate
32QAM 5 1/5 bit rate
64QAM 6 1/6 bit rate
256 QAM 8 1/8 bit rate

11. High Order Modulations & Peak data Rates
256 QAM offers at least 30% gain in throughput as compared to 64 QAM
under strong coverage and very good SNIR (~30dB).

12. High Order Modulations & Peak data Rates
Higher Order Modulations, coupled with MIMO deliver maximum
throughput.

13. Carrier Aggregation
• Carrier Aggregation is used in LTE-Advanced in order to increase the
bandwidth, and thereby increase the bitrate.
• Carrier Aggregation can be used for both FDD and TDD.
• LTE-A Rel-12 and above supports 4 or more carriers to be aggregated.

14. User Equipment Category & Classes
• LTE utilizes the UE Categories or classes to define the performance
specifications of LTE devices.
• It enables LTE base stations to be able to communicate effectively
with UE knowing their performance levels.
• Different LTE categories have a wide range in the supported
parameters and performance.
• Category 6 and above UE may achieve higher data rates from
combining multiple 20 MHz channels using Carrier Aggregation.

15. User Equipment Category & Classes
• Maximum data rates shown in the table are for 20 MHz of channel bandwidth.
• Maximum data rates will be lower if less bandwidth is utilized.
UE Category Max. Data Rate (DL) Mbps DL MIMO Layers
Max. Data Rate (UL)
Mbps
3GPP Release
1 10.3 1 5.2
Rel 8
2 51 2 25.5
3 102 2 51
4 150.8 2 51
5 299.6 4 75.4
6 301.5 2 or 4 51
Rel 107 301.5 2 or 4 102
8 2998.6 8 1497.8
9 452.2 2 or 4 51
Rel 11
10 452.2 2 or 4 102
11 603 2 or 4 51
12 603 2 or 4 102
13 391.7 2 or 4 150.8
Rel 12
14 3917 8 9585
15 750 2 or 4 226
16 979 2 or 4 n/a
17 25065 8 n/a
Rel 1318 1174 2 or 4 or 8 n/a
19 1566 2 or 4 or 8 n/a

16. Specs X24 LTE Modem X20 LTE Modem X16 LTE Modem
LTE Category LTE Category 20
LTE Category 18
(downlink)
LTE Category 16
(downlink)
LTE Category 13
(uplink)
LTE Category 13
(uplink)
Downlink Features
7x20 MHz carrier
aggregation
5x20 MHz carrier
aggregation
4x20 MHz carrier
aggregation
Up to 4x4 MIMO on
five carriers
Up to 256-QAM Up to 256-QAM
Maximum 20 spatial
streams
Up to 4x4 MIMO on
three carriers
Up to 4x4 MIMO on
two carriers
Full-Dimension MIMO
(FD-MIMO)
Maximum 12 spatial
streams
Maximum 10 spatial
streams
Up to 256-QAM
Peak Download Speed
2 Gbps
1.2 Gbps 1 Gbps
1+ Gbps
User Equipment Category (Qualcomm)

17. PAKISTAN –Government Policy
• Government Policy for Test and Trials for future Networks in place
since Oct 2017.
• Possible identification of spectrum in 2.6 GHz, 3.5 GHz and
millimeter wave Band.
• Working Group – Telecom Operators, Vendors, manufacturers,
Academia, R&D Organizations, Regulator (Pakistan Telecom
Authority - PTA), GoP (Ministry of Information Technology &
Telecommunications – MoIT&T) and Spectrum Management Body
(Frequency Allocation Board - FAB).
• Applications will be responded with in 3 months.
https://www.pta.gov.pk/assets/media/policy_directive_281217.pdf

18. PAKISTAN –Way Forward
• A PTA- FAB – MoIT&T - Operator – Vendor- Academia based
Working Group is being established
• Pakistan to participate with Standardization bodies especially in
WRC-19
• Free Trials will be offered. Test & Trial Framework in progress
• Spectrum Need Analysis by Vendors
• ICT R&D Fund to be used for 5G Trials
• Spectrum Re-farming activities to be expedited
• Initial discussion be made for trials in 3.5GHz band or as per
applications received for trials subject to availability.

19. Permission for 5G Trials

20. Frequency Allocation – 3.5 GHz Band

21. • 4.5G LTE-Advanced (Rel. 12 and above) can be utilized as a bridge
towards 5G Networks.
• For conducting Pre-5G trial, Hot Spots can be set-up using Fixed
Broadband Network based on TDD-LTE technology (Rel 12 at
least)
• Trial conditions can be better met in an Indoor Network because it
allows better control on SINR conditions thus resulting in
utilization of higher modulation schemes (64 & 256 QAM) and
support high order MIMO (4x4 and above)
• User Equipment (UE) of Category 16 or above to be used to
ensure Gbps DL speed is supported.
Pre 5G Trial - A Practical Scenario

22. How to achieve Gbps-level DL Throughput
Customer Premises Equipment / Modem
Network Side – 4.5 G, LTE-Advanced (Rel. 12 or above)

23. THANKS

24. Frequency Band
(MHz)
Bandwidth
(MHz)
Status
700 703-748/758-803 Under Refarming
800 791-821/832-862
Subject to adoption of band in 700 MHz and
current assignment in 850
850 824-849/869-894
10 MHz assigned to Telenor in 2016.
Remaining under discussion for refarming during
license renewals
1800
1710-1785/1805-1880
MHz
Under discussion for refarming during license
renewals and Top up
2100 1950-1980/2140-2170
1960-1980 MHz under refarmation from
Worldcall and Telecard
2300 2300-2400 Under Refarming
2600 2500-2570/2620-2690 Under Refarming
3500 - Becoming important for fixed/mobile and 5G
Future Spectrum Roadmap

25. Future Spectrum Roadmap (continued..)
Bandwidth
Status
(MHz)
3800 – 5000 MHz
Point-to-point Microwave.
These bands used by commercial
telecommunications operators mainly for
backhaul transmission. There are also
government users in these bands.
5925 – 7100 MHz
7425 – 9000 MHz
10.15 – 10.65 GHz
10.7 – 11.7 GHz
12.75 – 13.25 GHz
14.4 – 15.35 GHz
17.7 – 19.0 GHz
21.2 – 23.6 GHz
24.5 – 26.5 GHz
27.5 – 29.5 GHz
31.8 – 33.4 GHz
37.0 – 39.5 GHz
51.4 – 52.6 GHz
55.78 – 57.0 GHz
71 – 76 / 81 – 86 GHz (E Band)

26. 4.5G LTE-Advanced (Rel. 12 and above) can be utilized as a bridge towards
5G Networks
Technology Evolution