2.  a psychological reactions that occurs after experiencing a
highly stressing event ( as wartime combat, physical
violence, or a natural disaster) outside the range of normal
human experience and that is usually characterized by
depression, flashbacks, anxiety, recurrent nightmare and
avoidence of reminders of the event

4.  Living through dangerous events and traumas
 Having a history of mental illness
 Getting hurt
 Seeing people hurt or killed
 Feeling horror, helplessness, or extreme fear
 Having little or no social support after the event
 Dealing with extra stress after the event, such as loss of
a loved one, pain and injury, or loss of a job or home.

5. I. Re-experiencing symptoms - include ways in which the
person persistently re-experiences the traumatic event.
II. Avoidance symptoms - are ways in which the person tries
to avoid anything associated with the traumatic event.
III. Symptoms of hyper arousal - may be similar to symptoms
of anxiety or panic attacks

6.  Cognitive-behavioral therapy - Cognitive-behavioral
therapy for PTSD and trauma involves carefully and
gradually “exposing” self to thoughts, feelings, and
situations that remind the person of the trauma.
 Family therapy can help the loved ones understand what
you’re going through
 EMDR - incorporates elements of cognitive-behavioral
therapy with eye movements or other forms of rhythmic, left-
right stimulation, such as hand taps or sounds.

7.  Group therapy - talk with a group of people who also have
been through a trauma.
 Medications - that are usually used to help post-traumatic
stress disorder sufferers include serotonergic antidepressants

8.  Nursing Diagnosis
Severe to panic anxiety related to current memory of past
traumatic life event.
 Nursing Goal
The patient will experience decreased in severe panic anxiety.

9. INTERVENTION RATIONAL
 Asses degree of anxiety/fear  Identifies needs for developing plan
present, associated behavior and of care. Clearly understanding patient
reality of threat perceived by patient. perception is pivotal to providing
appropriate assistance in evercoming
the fear.
Identify wether incident has  Concerns/psychological issues will
reactivated preexisting or coexisting be recycled every time trauma is
situations ( physical/psychological). reexperienced and affect how the
patient views current situation.
 Identify development of phobic  This may trigger feeling from
reactions. original trauma and need to be dealt
with sensitively, accepting reality of
feelinfs and stressing ability to patient
to handle.

10. INTERVENTION RATIONAL
 Evaluate social aspects of  Problems that occurred in the
trauma/incident. original trauma may have left
visible reminders that have to
be dealt with daily.
Administered medications as  Used to decrease anxiety, lift
indicated. mood, aid in management of
behavior, and ensure rest until
patient regains control of own
self.

11.  Nursing Evaluation
The patient decreased in severe panic anxiety.

12. The traumatic events that lead to post-traumatic stress disorder
are usually so overwhelming and frightening that would
upset anyone. Following a traumatic event, almost everyone
experiences at least some of the symptoms of PTSD. When
sense of safety and trust are shattered, it’s normal to feel
crazy, disconnected, or numb. It’s very common to have bad
dreams, feel fearful, and find it difficult to stop thinking
about what happened. These are normal reactions to
abnormal events.
For most people, however, these symptoms are short-lived. They
may last for several days or even weeks, but they gradually
lift. But if you have post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD),
the symptoms don’t decrease. You don’t feel a little better
each day. In fact, you may start to feel worse.