Public Bus Tracking System EzTravel

EASY TRAVEL
Prepared for
Miss Sameera Sultan
Assistant Professor
FAST-NUCES
By
Ibadullah Khan 15k-2122
Muhammad 15k-2231
Adeel Shah 15k-2174
UsamaAbubakar 15k-2137
2nd May 2018

ABSTRACT
This study solves the problem of unusual and unexpected conditions on the roads affect the
smooth operation of the bus system and the movement of vehicles. Also, everyday problems
such as traffic congestion, unexpected delays, randomness in passenger demand, irregular
vehicle dispatching times take place and as a result of which the schedule of the passengers are
affected and they inevitably have to wait for the arrival of their respective bus. This passenger
inconvenience can be avoided by introducing a system which provides real-time information
about the location and estimated time of arrival of the buses. This android application "Easy
Travel" focuses on the implementation of a Real-Time bus Tracking System (RTBTS), by using
GPS and internet service of driver's as well as passenger's android phone. The location of driver
after he launches and login the application, will be send to the firebase database. In passengers
module, he will login. From here the application will retrieve data about location of driver and
display the location on map on passenger's device.

Table of Contents
1. Introduction..............................................................................................................................2
1.1 Motivation .............................................................................................................................2
1.2 Problem Statement..................................................................................................................2
1.3 Purpose..................................................................................................................................2
1.4 Project Description .................................................................................................................3
1.5 Scope.....................................................................................................................................3
1.6 Benefits of Project..................................................................................................................4
1.7 Planning and Management ......................................................................................................4
1.8 Outline...................................................................................................................................4
2. Literature Review ....................................................................................................................5
2.1 Background............................................................................................................................5
2.2 Our Implementation................................................................................................................6
3. Requirement Analysis..............................................................................................................7
3.1 Performance Requirements......................................................................................................7
3.2 Service Requirements .............................................................................................................7
3.3 Software QualityAttributes......................................................................................................7
3.4 Additional Requirements.........................................................................................................7
4. System Design...........................................................................................................................8
4.1 Design Considerations ............................................................................................................8
4.2 Class Diagram........................................................................................................................9
5. Testing.....................................................................................................................................10
5.1 Purpose of Testing................................................................................................................ 10
5.2 Types of Testing Applied ...................................................................................................... 10
6. Conclusion ..............................................................................................................................11
5.1 Conclusion........................................................................................................................... 11
5.2 Known Problems .................................................................................................................. 11
5.3 Future Improvements and Innovations ................................................................................... 11
Refrences.......................................................................................................................................12

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Motivation
One of the most important and unbearable problem common people faces is Public transport
problem. This problem is the main source of creating traffic problems, which people directly and
indirectly interact in their daily life. According to a research, more than 191 million of people
use public transport [10]. These numbers of population usage surely create and extend the
problems in public transport department. The public transport are often late and do not have any
particular time on which they arrive to stops. This is cause by the lack of attention of
administration to the public transport to their buses and work of their drivers. This traffic
problem, which is discussed above, will rise more and more if it is not solved in recent times.
Since, Android Mobiles are becoming more and more common to every user, as it is present in
every people’s pocket, according to a public survey approximately 68% people have Smartphone
having Android as Operating system [11]; therefore some implementation should be take place
to solve problems through android mobiles.
1.2 Problem Statement:
This project is based on an Android Application named “Easy Travel” which will track all the
public buses location and their types with information of users and drivers using real time
database.
1.3 Purpose:
The purpose of “Easy Travel” is to provide a professional application to the authorities and
common people to use this application according to their need. For example: People can use it as
an easy access to fetch the location of the buses according to their need, which helps him to catch
bus on time and also, also to maintenance sector which can have a data of the buses and their
drivers in a formal manner to have a record of buses type and their performance on the road. It
will be useful resource to reduce the public transport problems and comfort the person in
managing his time according to the bus.

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1.4 Project Description:
This application “Easy Travel” (ET) is an auto and vehicle category application, which helps its
user to deal with public transport. In this application, there are two interfaces; one is Driver
interface and other is Rider interface. In addition, ET has a website platform as panel but only for
the admin to track the record of buses, driver, and riders.
 In driver interface, driver login using his login credentials, which include his personal
username, password, and type of bus, then after login, application, gives him the option
to toggle (enable/disable) location. By enabling the location, it will enable the rider (or
can say bus location as he is sitting in bus) on the MAPS (which will be later discuss in
Rider interface part).
 In Rider interface, rider login using his login credentials which include his username and
password, then after login, application will provide him the type of buses (like D1, W18,
D7 etc.), after selecting it, it will also fetch the rider location automatically and then show
him on the MAPS layout, the nearer buses to his location of the buses type which he
chooses in first place using the location of Driver which he enabled it when Driver started
driving the bus. The bus location on the MAPS changes as the bus moves as the location
changes until it reaches the Rider.
 In admin panel, it requires the authentication of the admin, which can be provided by the
admin username and password. He can then select the option of viewing the data of either
Rider or Driver. The website fetches data from database and display on admin panel
screen.
1.5 Scope
There are a lot of cab booking or private ride booking apps in the market, but there is no
particular application for public busses. Currently, the application can only view the nearest bus
in which the passenger wants to travel, estimated time of arrival of the bus at the location of
passenger, and the details of all bus and drivers and their respective routes but it will get
advanced with time. This application can be advanced to booking seats in public bus so there
will be no problem for passengers to get a seat in bus. Moreover, a feature can be added which
will notify the driver when the bus needs maintenance. Also it can be advanced to an application
which can be used to book bus for picnics.

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1.6 Benefits/Importance of Project
This project has benefits in different areas or perspectives. First, it reduces the time, which
passengers waste, for waiting on the bus stop in tough weather by telling the estimated time of
arrival of bus on a particular stop. Moreover, it resolves the problem of passengers who did not
get seat and travel the whole route standing through the seat booking feature. In addition, people
who are new in travelling in buses do not know the routes of bus that which bus goes to their
destination can use this application to check the routes of all buses. Also, it can be used to know
the details of driver in case of any accidents and can also be used to know about the total number
of buses following a particular route or total number of buses in city.
1.7 Project Planning and Management
First, we will start the analyzing phase of the project, as we have to get the idea of the project
needs and working. Second, we will design the project idea in a graphical manner/design for
better understanding the scenario of the project. The designing will further extend for work
distribution between the workers. Workers will then implement the idea/concept of project into a
practical form by using algorithms to code it. This will then be followed by the testing phase,
where the bugs and errors will be identified and will be debugged by our members who are
assigned to do the work of debugging. Then the project will be launched in beta version. With
some more improvement and feedback of beta users, the original version will be released
afterward.
To perform these sets of task we used agile model, as it is cost efficient and fits best according to
the project’s requirements and needs.
1.8 Outline
For the further part of documentation, there is literature review; which is about the present
knowledge and the methodological contribution towards this project and design; which is about
the converting of idea into practical application, testing; which is about the handling of errors
and bugs. These topics will give the complete idea of how our project is build.

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CHAPTER 2
Literature Review
2.1 Background
There has been a significant work done in utilizing Google maps services for tracking
vehicles.Uber is a well-known global taxi service provider that utilizes the Google maps to
facilitate passengers and taxi drivers. We have taken the idea from their approach and
implemented it on public buses. Previously, Sunil et al (2014) proposed Dynamic Bus Time-
table Using GPS [1], which is a GPS based and manual system designed to display the real-time
location of public buses. This application makes use of the machine learning algorithms to
predict the real time location of buses and provide the accurate prediction of arrival time of bus
at a particular bus stop. Passengers can also book their seats in advance. The main problem of
this application is that it only predicts the location and does not display the accurate location on
map on passenger’s android phone.
Karan et al (2014)gave the idea of Real time Bus Monitoring System using GPS [2] that displays
the current locations of the bus. The system composed of a sender installed on the buses and
receiver devices installed on the bus stations. It provided the relevant bus routes their passengers.
The approach of installing the software at the bus stops is very expensive. Thinking practically
we can conclude that passengers should be provided with the information even before they reach
the bus stop because, most of the people don’t want to rush to the bus stop just to know that their
bus will arrive 15 minutes late. They would rather prefer to spend those precious 15 minutes in
doing something useful at their places.
Dr. Gharge et al (2012) proposed the application namedBus Locator via SMS using Android
Application [3] that uploads the real-time location of the bus to the server. The server then sends
an SMS to all the registered students those are to be picked up at the bus stop. The driver’s
mobile phone is used as a GPS device that receives. It is a tedious procedure where the number
of elements is to be kept and refreshed time to time. The server is over-burdened occasionally to
get points of interest of students at each stop.
Manikandan et al (2012) implemented the real time query system for public transport service
using Zigbee and RFID [4] is suitable to traveller’s requirement and provide information such as
bus location, bus number, and number of passengers inside the bus at a specific time. This
system provides efficient as well as low cost public transport system. The only concern with this
implementation is the complexity of this system.
Kumar, et al (2013) proposed, Design of punctuality enhanced bus transportation system using
GSM and Zigbee [5]. It is surveillance like system based on GSM and Zigbeetechnology to
improve the operation efficiency and introduces the punctuality enhanced bus system from the
aspect of both hardware design and software design. They also gave the potential advantages and

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disadvantages of the different systems based on ARM, Zigbee, GSM technologies. The system
they proposed is very costly because it involves several hardware devices to be installed at every
bus stop. Similar type of GSM based system can be observed in another system.
Real time public transportation information using GSM query response system [7] is capable of a
tracking large number of buses simultaneously, detect their service routes, and predict arrival
time to down station with an acceptable accuracy. The main aim behind the development of this
system is to tackle the traffic congestion that has been growing in many countries. In
thisapproach, the technological advancements of the transportation bodies are yet poor,
automation of activities isn't given significance, and check-in process still takes old strategies.
Moreover, accurate data isn't accessible for monitoring.
S. Chandurkar, et al (2013) proposed bus position monitoring system [8] to facilitate the
passenger. The wireless communication technologies like GSM & GPS are used to send the
information about number of seats available in the bus. Hence, passenger can book their seats
and pay in advance through the online payment methods. Moreover, it uses variety of
technologies to track the location of bus in real time and predict the arrival time of buses at stops
along with their the routes. The main problem with this implementation is that, only GSM and
GPS are used. This creates the problem because these connections are slower as compared to Wi-
Fi. Hence, getting a correct real-time location is almost impossible. In order to get a correct real-
time location of the driver we need to rely on latest technologies like Google maps. The
inventors of College Bus Tracking [9] used this technology. They used client-server model to
estimate the remaining time for bus to reach at the particular stop. Despite the fact that this
application provides real time Google maps based location to the users, it is only limited to the
college students of the particular institution.
2.2 OUR IMPLEMENTATION:
In our proposed system, we have used driver’s android cell phone as a tracker. When driver is on
duty, he will turn on its app and data will be sent through 3G/4G or WiFi if available. To monitor
the moving bus, the firstly important solution of that is to detect the longitude and latitude of
every bus driver’s app and update it after certain interval of time. After that, the information shall
be sent to the server and real time Firebase database [10]. The passengers will have their own
authentication system using email and password. They can see the route of a particular bus,
search for buses available through the bus route id, and get its real time location. Passengers will
also be provided with the details of the driver like name and phone number through which they
can contact with them.

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CHAPTER 3
REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS
3.1 Performance Requirements
Since it is a location based application, therefore a good GPS system on mobile devices is
required. The smartphone are required to have good RAM so that the app can run in the
background.
3.2 Service Requirements
The maps and location required for this project should be clearly accessible from within the
project application instead of opening the maps application individually, allow for user to
interact with map as per need like tapping the location and fetching the public transport
information, providing the option to check out the estimate time the transport will arrive, and
provide a user friendly interface for interacting with the application.
These requirements can be satisfied by using JavaMaps in Android platform. The reason for
using this platform and tool is that, it provides dynamic usage of maps instead of static and
completely synchronizes with the interface of android.
3.3 Software Quality Attributes
This project would be developed completely using open source software and platforms. So,
programmers can use and enhance the software further without spending any money.
3.4 Additional Requirements
Accounts required for this project should be individual and unique for every entry and the
database required is the real time database provided by google i.e Firebase. The Web Server, run
by an Admin, should have all the functionality regarding the application and the Admin can keep
track of all the things happening at a given time
The requirements can be satisfied by connecting android with firebase and connecting firebase
with website because firebase act as a backbone providing the opportunity to connect android
application with a web server.

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CHAPTER 4
SYSTEM DESIGN
4.1 Design Considerations
4.1.1 Operating Environment
Easy Travel is intended to be operated in Android Platform.
4.1.2 Fault Tolerant Design
Application errors will be handled by common fault detection services (e.g. common Java
errors will be handled by try and catch methods).
4.1.3 Design Conventions
Easy Travel software design uses the Object Oriented methodology
4.1.4 Architectural Design
The software capabilities and requirements specified in Easy Travel Software
Requirements Specification are transformed into programs that will execute on android.
Software items are partitioned into classes and packages using Object Oriented
methodology to maximize encapsulation and minimize interfaces.
4.1.5 User Interface
The user or simulator operator interfaces via a text input screen. The user can choose
from several options to perform a specific task.

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CHAPTER 5
TESTING
5.1 Purpose of testing
Software testing is the process used to help identify the correctness, completeness, security and
quality of developed computer software. Testing software is essential in removing bugs and
errors from application.
5.2 Types of testing applied
We used three different types of testing for our system which includes:
1. Visual user testing
2. Automated unit test cases
3. End user testing
In Visual user testing a member of the team uses the test cases to check if the expected result
actually occurred. Any difference in any of the step is noted down and then forwarded for
changing to optimize the program.
The Automated test cases were executed in certain parts of code to check errors. These include
spell checking and security checking when the new code is implemented we knew that our
working code was never affected.
End user testing is one of the most important part of the testing cycle. In this type of testing,
feedback is acquired by the real users who would be using this system in real life. Testing by
non-computer users also shows how user-friendly the system is.
After all these testing is completed, it is very important to review the results and act on them that
means fixing the bugs and errors or looking into the aspects in which we have failed.

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CHAPTER 6
6.1 Conclusion
In conclusion, to the overall development of this android application, we believe that we have
succeeding developing a project that has demonstrated our knowledge and skills in designing and
development. Our project has all the potential in being beneficial for the society. It can solve a
major transportation problem, which has been existing in Pakistan for years. Moreover, if we are
given more time and resources in the future, we can polish this system for commercial use.
6.2 Known Problems
There is significant drawback if we use this in practical life. Bus drivers in Pakistan are not very
much familiar with the new technologies in smartphones. In fact, most of the public bus drivers
don’t know how to use an android phone. This is a critical issue because, to understand and use
Easy travel they must possessed some background in using android phones. The solution to this
problem is that, there must be a dedicated group of paid people, who can constantly solve the
driver’s problem and monitor their routes from a single control room.
6.3 Future Improvements and Innovations
As Android phones are widely used everywhere, it is obvious that applications like these offer
simple solutions to do our daily activities. Later we can use these concepts for
 We can used this in future to manage not only college buses but also the vehicles that
belong to the institution.
 We can have a separate panel if someone is new and does not know places.
 We can create another app for tourist to help them mark and travel at amazing places.

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References
[1] Gunjal Sunil N. , Joshi Ajinkya V. , GosaviSwapnil C. , KshirsagarVyankteshB, “Dynamic
Bus Timetable Using GPS” International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer
Engineering & Technology (IJARCET) , ISSN :2278-1323, Volume 3, Issue 3, March 2014.
[2] Karan Punjabi, PoojaBolaj, PratibhaMantur, SnehaWali, “Bus Locator via SMS Using
Android Application” International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies
(IJCSIT) , ISSN :0975-9646, Volume 5(2), 2014.
[3] Dr.(Mrs.) SayleeGharge, ManalChhaya, GauravChheda, JiteshDeshpande, NiketGajra, “Real
Time BusMonitoring System Using GPS” Engineering Science andTechnology: An International
Journal (ESTIJ), ISSN: 2250-3498, Volume 2, Number 3, June 2012.
[4]S.P.Manikandan and P. Balakrishnan, “An Efficient Real Time Query System for Public
Transportation Service using Zigbee and RFID”,Bonfring International Journal of Research in
Communication Engineering, Vol. 2, No. 2, June 2012
[5] MadhuManikya Kumar, K. Rajesekhar, K. Pavani, “Design of punctually enhanced bus
transportation system using GSM and Zigbee,” International Journal of Research in Computer
and Communication Technology, Vol. 2, Issue 12, December 2013.
[7] R. Manikandan, S. Niranjani, “Implementation on real time transportation information using
GSM query response system,” Contemporary Engineering Sciences,Vol. 7, No.11, pp: 509-514,
2014.
[8] Swati Chandurkar, SnehaMugade, SanjanaSinha, PoojaBorkar, “Implementation of real time
bus monitoring and passenger information system,” International Journal of Scientific and
Research Publications, Vol. 3, Issue 5, May 2013.
[9]G. Kiran Kumar, C.B. Aishwarya, A. SaiMounika, “College Bus Tracking Android
Application using GPS” International Journal of New Innovations in Engineering and
Technology, ISSN: 2319-6319, Volume 4, Issue 4, April 2016.
[10] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_in_Pakistan.
[11] Farzan khan, “Smart-phone-usage-in-pakistan-infographics”, http://pas.org.pk/, 19th January
2016.

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