Mr. VP Agrawal Chairman, Airports Authority of India at RPR 2012, 23-26 August, Goa, India

1. Increasing Risk to Indian Infrastructure –
Are We Prepared ?
(Master Class on Security)
- VP Agrawal, Chairman-AAI
Increasing Risk to Indian Infrastructure –
Are We Prepared ?
- VP Agrawal,
Chairman-AAI

2. Indian Growth Story
GDP- Growth Rate (%) India Contribution to
12 World GDP
• 2000 – 1.5%
10 9.5 9.6
8.5
9.3 • 2011 – 2.8 %
8.4 8.2
8 7.5
6.8 6.9
• FY 2013 - Projected
5.8
6 growth rate of 7-8.5%
3.8 by different agencies
4
2 • 12th Plan Target
Growth Rate: 9-9.5%
0
Revised : 8-8.5%

3. Growth ἀ Infrastructure
Development
 Projected Investment Requirement in Infrastructure for 9% Growth ~ $
1 Trillon from 2012-17 during 12th Five Year Plan
 High growth in Infrastructure sector with average investment of 9.3%
of GDP will put tremendous pressure on Security of this sector .
 Though expenditure on security does not contribute to GDP but it is an
integral and essential part of the CAPEX for safeguarding the
infrastructure.

4. Indian Infrastructure- The Risk
Factors
 Imminent need - Secure “Critical Infrastructure”
which can be destroyed, incapacitated, exploited
or made in-effective .
 Attack on “Critical Infrastructure” will be a “Force
Multiplier” resulting in Chain Reaction of
FAILURES

5. Risk to Indian Infrastructure - What
Can Happen?
a) Attack on Physical
Infrastructure installations.
 Direct Terrorist Attacks
 Sleeper Cell Attacks
b) Remote Cyber Attack through
 Virus attack akin to “Wiper”
“Stuxnet” etc.
 Hacking of security systems
 Infiltration in operating
systems

6. Risk to Indian Infrastructure- Where It
Can Happen?
Infrastructure which are
vulnerable to physical and cyber
attacks;
 Electric Grids
 Water Supply installations
 Dams
 Nuclear Installations
 Offshore Exploration and
Production installations

7. Risk to Indian Infrastructure- Where It
Can Happen?
Infrastructure which are
vulnerable to physical and
cyber attacks;
 Cyber Networks
 Telecommunication
 Banking and Financial
systems
 Civil Aviation Airports and
Defense bases.

8. Risk to Indian Infrastructure- How It Can
Happen?
HIJACKING
DECEMBER 24 , 1999 IC-814 - INDIA

9. Risk to Indian Infrastructure- Where It
Can Happen?
TERRORIST ATTACK
SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 TWIN TOWERS TRAGEDY - US

10. Probable Risk to Airport Infrastructure in India
Srinagar Leh
Jammu
Amritsar
Chandigarh Itanagar
Pakyong
Lilabari
DELHI Bagdogra Tezpur
Guwahati Dibrugarh
Jaipur Agra Lucknow
 454 airports / airstrips Jodhpur
Gwalior Varanasi Patna
Jorhat
Dimapur
Udaipur
(Operational and Non-Operational) Bhuj Ahmedabad Gaya Barapani Imphal
Khajuraho
 AAI manages -125 Airports
Ranchi Agartala
Jamnagar Vadodra Jabalpur
Indore Bhopal Silchar
International -14 (3 CE)
Gondia Raipur KOLKATA Lengpui
Rajkot Bhubaneshwar
Bhavnagar Aurangabad Nagpur Jamshedpur Cheithu
Custom - 11 (3 CE) MUMBAI Pune
Domestic – 80 Gulbarga
Hyderabad Vizag
Belgaum
Other Civil Enclaves – 20 Goa Bellary
Vijayawada
Tirupati
Mangalore Bangalore
CHENNAI
Port Blair
Coimbatore
Calicut
Trichy
Cochin Madurai
Trivandrum

11. CIVIL AVIATION SECURITY
AIM & PRIMARY OBJECTIVE
AIM : To safeguard International civil
Aviation Operations against acts of unlawful
interference.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE : Safety and
security of passengers, crew, ground
personnel, general public, airports, aviation
installations

12. CIVIL AVIATION SECURITY
SET-UP IN INDIA
 BCAS - Regulatory Authority for civil aviation security
in India responsible for the development,
implementation and maintenance of the National Civil
Aviation Security.
 Security functions at all the airports in the country were
performed by the police personnel till January 2000.
 In order to bring in uniformity and ensure effective control
and supervision, airports security was entrusted to a single
force CISF instead of different State Police forces.
 The dedicated CISF contingent earmarked for aviation
security functions at airports in India has been notified as
Aviation Security Group (ASG).

13. LEVEL OF THREATS
Based on threat perception selected preventive security
measures are applied at the Airports.
There can be three levels of threat conditions
(a)Baseline: In the absence of verifiable intelligence
information there may be the possibility of unlawful
interference by individuals or groups due to causes such
as civil unrest, labour disputes and the active presence
of anti-government factions.
(b)Intermediate: Intelligence information indicates
probability of attack on aircraft operators and/or airports.
(c)High: Intelligence information indicates specific aircraft
operator and/ or airports are targeted for attack.

14. CATEGORIZATION OF AIRPORTS
Based on threat perception at the airport all
operational airports in the country get
categorized as follows:
 Normal airport
 Sensitive airport
 Hyper sensitive airport

15. CIVIL AVIATION SECURITY IN INDIA
A SEGMENTED RESPONSIBILITY
Law Enforcing Airline Security Airport operators
Agency
•Anti Hijacking •Anti Sabotage •Terminal Access
•Access Control •Ladder Point •Access to Cargo,
(landside/Airside) Security (Access Terminal Building
•Search, Frisking, to aircraft) from Landisde
checking of baggage •Hold/cheeck-in •Perimeter
•Terminal surveillance baggage Checking, Security
of SHA screening at Domestic Airports
•Perimeter Security at •Hangar Security •Common User
Airports •Catering, Cargo, Facilities
•Control of Proximity Courier, •Guarding of Airport
to aircraft Consignment, Navigational
Company Stores Facilities

16. DEVICES USED FOR RISK MITIGATION
Devices of a specialized nature are used in prevention or detection of act of
unlawful interference related to civil aviation.
1) Weapon detection device
 HHMD
 DFMD
2) Explosive detection device
 Dog squad
 Electron capture
 Mass spectrometry
 Gas chromatography
 Chemiluminescence
 Ion trap mass spectrometry
3) Intrusion detection device
 Closed circuit television (CCTV)
 Infrared detector
 Proximity sensors
 Video motion detector
4) X-ray baggage machine

17. ROLE OF AIRPORT MANAGEMENT
Provision and maintenance of physical
security measures:
 Barriers in restricted areas to prevent inadvertent
access.
 Perimeter wall
 Gates/entry and Access points
 Security Lighting
 Isolated parking Bay
 Cooling pit for a possible disposal of a bomb or
any explosive device by Bomb Detection and
Disposal squad (BDDS).

18. ROLE OF AIRPORT MANAGEMENT
 Electronic detection devices for
passengers, hand baggage, registered
baggage, cargo screening etc.
 Security hold areas with seating
arrangements and adequate amenities.
 Guarding of vital installations on and off
the airport
 Issuance of Vehicle permits , Temporary
pass/permit at airports

19. CONTINGENCY MEASURES FOR
UNLAWFUL INTERFERENCE
To deal with acts of unlawful interference with civil
aviation the following Group/Committees has been
established:
 Cabinet Committee on Security
 Committee of Secretaries on Aircraft Hijack
(COSAH)
 Central Committee (CC)
 Aerodrome Committee (AC)

20. Lets Strive for Secured, Safe
and Sustainable Growth