Presented by Awet Estifanos at the IPMS Workshop on Alternatives for Improving Field AI Delivery System to Enhance Beef and Dairy Production in Ethiopia, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 24-25 August 2011

1. The Tigray Regional Governmental State Bureau of Agriculture Tigray Agricultural Research Institute (TARI)Past Experiences and Next Year Plan of Dairy Synchronization in Tigray Awet EstifanosIPMS Workshop on Alternatives for Improving Field AI Delivery System to Enhance Beef and Dairy Production in EthiopiaILRI, Addis Ababa, 24-25 August 2011 8/26/2011 1

2. Introduction -The pain or Jealousy?? 8/26/2011 2 The Indian milk

4. The demand for milk and milk products is increasing from time to time in Ethiopia and world in general.

6. The main constraints of the sector are:

7. low production potential animal breeds,

8. disease

9. infrastructure problem, and

10. inefficient available feed8/26/2011 4

12. poor heat detection

13. unskilled AI technicians, and

14. some logistic problems

15. It is still possible to improve the reproductive performance of dairy herd using efficient heat detection,

16. So searching other technology that could solve the problem is mandatory8/26/2011 5

18. Match feed available season with cattle breeding so as Decrease calf mortality

19. Timed milk production

20. Match the milk produced with time of high consumption (Escape fasting) 8/26/2011 6

23. The collaboration 8/26/2011 9

25. Gantafshumin kebeles/Tabias:

26. Buket,

27. Dibla,

28. Sasunand

29. mesanu and

30. Klteablalo in kebeles/Tabias

31. Genfel,

32. A/sandeded,

33. Metseko, and

34. Maymesan

35. Second Phaseof- Woredas

36. TahtayMaichew

37. LaelayMaichew

38. Adwa

39. Some additional from the 1st phase areas8/26/2011 10

42. dairy belt area of the region or vicinity to urban and per urban for milk market (Mekelle – Wukro- Adigrat)

43. Market opportunity in present and near feature

44. Access to the main road

45. Cattle population

46. Animal Body condition

47. Season, puberty, age, lactation, gestation

48. In Tigray effective synchronization is possible to carry out, starting in the end of July up to end of January considering this the first phase of this project were implement mid November up to mid of January Increased farmers interest shifted this scenario 8/26/2011 12

50. Ready to adopt technology

51. Can transfer the technology to others

52. Committed and energetically can work with the team especially in detecting when the animal is becoming in heat.8/26/2011 13 Participant farmers with the team

54. Local

55. Crossed

56. HF

57. Animal body condition range 4-7

58. from all age group and parity.

59. too old and highest parity are rejected

60. Must not have a history of birth difficulty

62. Age was determined and estimation information from the owner and using erupted permanent pair of incisors. 8/26/2011 15

64. luteal

65. follicular phases of the estrous cycle.

66. Estrous synchronization protocols is grouped1) prostaglandin F2α (PG) based, 2) gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) based, 3) progestin based, and 4) combination. 8/26/2011 16

68. PGF2∞is given in the proestrus stage (estrus 6-30h, metaestrus 3-5d, diestrus 12d, proestrus)

69. PGF2∞ shorten estrus cycle by 12 days.

70. Therefore, PG will only work to regress the CL from days 5 to 17 of the estrous cycle

72. Most of the animals that took two dose of semen were inseminated 48hr after the hormone

73. First insemination was 48hr after treatment

74. second insemination was 12–24hr after first Insemination8/26/2011 18

75. Summary of Results

76. Current Endeavors ILRI IPMS pre.docx 8/26/2011 20

78. Training to Technicians, Hormone and sexed semen

79. Committed and dedicated team

80. Efficient IA technicians (fromTARI, Wukro and Adigrat)

81. Interested Farmers/ Woreda Administrators to adopt the technolgy

82. Adikisanded (KiliteAwlaelo) and GantaAfeshum

83. Smooth communication b/n TARI, BoARD and ILRI8/26/2011 21

85. the time was fixed from experience of first work at Adigrat8/26/2011 22 Mucus Discharge

87. Makes it laborous

88. Mainly on selecting participant farmer and heifers fitted to our selecting criteria was laborious.

89. Luck of follow up and heat detection by some

90. Poor body condition animals

91. Luck of Integration b/n the regional team and technical team at the beginning

92. Poor communication and late reporting from the technical team 23

94. 6 pregnant cows abort due to the hormone treatment.

95. Out of the total synchronized animals 15 were off after hormonal injection

97. E.g. Metseko,Gemad of KiliteAwelaelo

98. Live Eucalyptus trees were used

99. Slow or total failure to purchase equipments

100. Ear tag applicator

101. Delay b/n selection and synchronization

102. Farmers are inpatient to keep their animals longer than 20 days after selection

103. 60 animals were selected for sexed semen 8/26/2011 25

105. So far 228 heifers and cows selected as scaling up of the technology from T/maichew, Aksum , Adwa, and additional cows from Wukro and Adigrat8/26/2011 26

106. Current Endeavors-Cont’ed Cross centers collaboration Women participation in Tahtay Maichew With a relatively good handling facility 8/26/2011 27

107. Logical framework matrix 8/26/2011 28

108. Next Plan-2004 Intervention

109. Work Plan 8/26/2011 30

110. Work plan cont’ed 8/26/2011 31

111. Logistics 8/26/2011 32

112. Logistics-Cont’ed 8/26/2011 33

114. Lowland areas- for breeding

115. Highland areas for Beef cattle and heifers rearing