This document summarizes the experiences of the International Livestock Research Institute's (ILRI) Improving Productivity and Market Success (IPMS) program in developing meat and livestock value chains in Ethiopia. It describes diagnostic findings that identified opportunities and limitations, interventions across the value chain including feed development, production, input supply, processing and marketing. Results showed improved forage quality and quantity, profitable ox and small ruminant fattening, increased income and participation. Gender impacts included women's control of income. Environmental benefits included ground cover improvements and gully stabilization. Key lessons included choices in breed improvement and reducing mortality and disease.
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Meat and live animals value chain development: IPMS and partners experiences
1. Meat and live animals value
chain development
IPMS and partners experiences
Gebremedhin Woldewahid
Presented at the 19th Ethiopian Society of Animal
production Annual Conference
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 15-17 December 2011
2. Acknowledgements
Research and Development Partners
Farmers, decision makers
MoA/BoARD/OoARD
Federal and Regional Research
Institutes/Centers
NGOs
IPMS-ILRI as facilitator
3. Presentation outline
1. Introduction
2. Main diagnostic findings
3. Main value chain interventions
4. Results
5. Impact across IPMS PLWs
6. Lessons and challenges
4. 1. Introduction
Traditional fattening:
• Traditionally, ruminant fattening common in Ethiopia.
• Sale of oxen after plowing and shoats during holidays and
as sources of cash but with little or no investment.
Contribution to smallholders income is insignificant, food
insecurity/food aid.
Business oriented fattening: Not very common in Ethiopia
Potentials for fattening of livestock do exist:
large number of livestock,
high market demand and
ecologically suitable
5. 1. Introduction…
IPMS and partners introduced a new intervention approach-
system level to make use of the existing livestock potentials
Health
Breed
Livestock
Fattening
system
Feed
6. 1. Introduction…
The new intervention approach-fattening system
component integrated with value chain.
Marketing
Health Processing
Breed
Livestock Production
Fattening technology
system
Input
Feed
supply/credit
7. 1. Introduction…
The new intervention approach:
Fattening system components/value chain integrated
with knowledge/capacity development.
Skill development
Health
Breed
Capacity
development
Feed Documentation
8.
9. 2. Main diagnostic findings
• Subsistence oriented production system
with little or no use of improved technologies
• High mortality due to disease and feed
shortage
• Inadequate input/service delivery system for
vet services, feed, credit and risk absorption
• Lack of knowledge and linkages with value
chain actors
10. 2. Main diagnostic findings…
Value chain Potentials Limitations
Marketing Local and export Lacks market information
market demand for and linkages
meat and live
Processing Live/meat, No information on what
concentrate/local feed consumers prefer for?
Production Availability of Skills on breed
technologies on breed adaptability vs. FS,
type, feed and health forage development and
vet services limited
Input Large area for forage Wide spread forage
supply/credit development, vet shortage, inadequate vet
service and breed services and breed
supply selection
11. 3. Main value chain interventions
3.1 Extension
Knowledge
EAP/WKC/FTCs
Study tours/field days
Student thesis
Skills
Training participatory market oriented development – gender
balanced
Involvement of specialized staff from research, regional bureaus,
consultants, farmers
Linkages
Woreda Advisory and Learning committees
Fattening and/or forage platforms
Business linkages between value chain actors and service
providers
12. 3. Main value chain interventions…
3.2 Production
Short term commercial fattening of small and large
ruminants (feed lot approach)
Shelter/housing
Planted back yard/irrigated fodder grasses & legumes,
Grazing area improvements (clearance, enclosures, cut
and carry – individual, communal)
Fodder treatment – crop residues, chopping
Feeding – supplementary feeding, UMB
Breeds – Boran for meat/milk, improved local sheep
breeds (Bonga, Washera)
Health – de-worming at start of fattening period
13. 3. Main value chain interventions…
3.3 Input/service delivery
Forage seed multiplication–FTCs, farmers/private
Producers of UMB
Creating linkages between concentrate suppliers
and producers
Community breeding schemes for small ruminants
Controlled breeding in communal and private
herds and bull stations for large ruminants
Mass insemination of large ruminants
Community based trips control
Credit for commercial fattening
Community based insurance scheme
14. 3. Main value chain interventions…
3.4 Processing/marketing
Market assessment studies
Price information collection/delivery system
Linking producers to terminal markets
Collective marketing action
Cattle fairs
15. 4. Results
Fodder intervention in grazing area successful and
resulted in significant increases in quantity and
quality of feed resources
Crop residue treatment not well adopted
Short term fattening of oxen profitable for
smallholders
Short term fattening of small ruminants profitable
but requires medium scale herds (5-10)
Credit and community based insurance can work
Women can benefit from small ruminants fattening
and can graduate to ox fattening/other businesses
21. 4. Results…
4.1 Feed development: Quality and diversity
Changes in botanical composition:
• Mix of grasses and legume species.
• The highly palatable forage species emerged
22. 4. Results…
4.2 Fattening uptake and income…LR
Source: Household survey data (2009)
Note: a Cash outlay is expenditure on purchased feed, drug, and veterinary services
23. 4. Results…
4.3 Gender and environment
Gender
Access to communal resources in forage production
Use improved feeding (83% )
Breed selection adopted/adapted (68%) using age, body
size and sex.
Female farmers roughly doubled the sale of sheep
(4.6 to 9.4 animals/year)
About 90% of the beneficiary women controlled the
income
24. 4.3 Gender and environment…
Environment: Ground cover, compaction, more diversity
25. 4.3 Gender and environment…
Environment: Flowers for bees
26. 4.3 Gender and environment…
Environment: Gully stabilization, surface/groundwater
development
35. 6. Lessons and challenges
Breed improvement system
Choice of breeds (local, exotic, cross breed)
Breeding system – natural, artificial
Approaches to improve natural and artificial
insemination
Reduction in mortality through phasing of pregnancy
Focus on larger scale commercialized fatteners with credit
and insurance
Reduction in diseases through thermo stable vaccines
Linking with export market demand
36. 6. Lessons and challenges…
Knowledge
Health management
Breed
Livestock Capacity
development
Fattening
system Commodity
development
Feed
Research
(scaling out/up)