Slides from the IFLA ARL hot Topics session 2020 held on 8 September 2020

1. Libraries as Catalysts
Thanks for joining us! We’ll be
starting soon.
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2. Libraries as Catalysts:
Inspire, Engage, Enable,
Connect
Presenters:
Gulcin Cribb, Chair, IFLA ARL
Mary Lee Kennedy, Executive Director, ARL, North America
Wei (Kate) Yang, Deputy Curator of China University of Petroleum, Beijing (CUPB), Director of
CUPB Intellectual Property Information Service Center
Facilitator: Lorraine J Haricombe (University of Texas, Austin) 2

3. This event is being recorded, including chat.
Recording will be posted on IFLA News publications page.
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3

4. Before and After: COVID reflections for academic
and research libraries
Gulcin Cribb
IFLA ARL Section Chair
4

5. What happened?
5

6. Jenny Foster, customer support manager at Edge Hill University
https://www.jisc.ac.uk/news/the-day-the-libraries-shut-stories-from-the-front-line-15-jun-2020 6

7. Maximum Access
Minimum Risk for personnel
and users
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8. Content
Spaces
Services
MONEY
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9. • International Students
• Revenue drop for universities
• Funding cuts
• Library Budgets
• Collections
• Staffing
• Facilities, spaces
• Projects
https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/08/08/covid-19-could-push-some-universities-over-the-brink
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10. Reflections - pluses
• Faster pivoting to digital collections
• Self-service models
• Digital everything
• Academic-librarian collaborations
• New ways of working, flexible
• Recognition and inclusion of the Library as a partner on
campus
• Partnerships – far and wide
• Opportunities……
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11. Reflections - issues
• Safety and risk for people
• Re-organization of spaces
• Access to textbooks
• Digital Divide!
• Copyright issues
• Campus experience
• Value of face-to-face
• Financial challenges ahead
11

12. “The reason librarianship has existed
in one form or another for 4 millennia
is because it has changed to implement
long held principles in light of the
changing realities of those
that the library serves”
David Lankes
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13. Covid-19 could push some universities over the brink: Higher education was in
trouble even before the pandemic. The Economist, August 8 2020
https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/08/08/covid-19-could-push-some-
universities-over-the-brink
Cox, C.(2020) Changed, Changed Utterly
https://www.insidehighered.com/views/2020/06/05/academic-libraries-will-change-
significant-ways-result-pandemic-opinion
The day the libraries shut: stories from the front line. JISC News, 15 June 2020
https://www.jisc.ac.uk/news/the-day-the-libraries-shut-stories-from-the-front-line
Lankes, D. (2011) The Atlas of New Librarianship. Cambridge, Ma: MIT Press.
O’Connor, S (2020). Worst case scenarios and that virus
http://www.rhcs.com.au/?cat=16
References
13

14. thank you
14

15. speaker
Mary Lee Kennedy
Executive Director, Association of Research Libraries
Washington, DC, United States
www.arl.org

16. Plausible Futures for Research Libraries Under
Emerging Technology Conditions
[and COVID 19]
Sept 8, 2020

17. Plausible Futures for Research Libraries
• It centers on data and the widespread adoption of data science techniques such
as machine learning.
• For research libraries and the research enterprise, the “name of the game is
scale”.
• The priority drivers are, generally, related to research incentives/continuity,
learning outcomes, finances/funding, skills, and values related to equitable
access, ethics and privacy.
See www.arl.org/arl-terms/reports for all emerging technology reports to date from the
ARL-CNI-EDUCAUSE joint initiative on emerging technologies.

18. Some Key Findings from Our Research
1. Research libraries are in a position of strength as we test barriers to
open data and scholarship.
2. Collaboration, and collaborative tools to create, share and use data
will continue to gain momentum – with ethical, privacy, and
financial implications.
1. Collaborative, collective approaches to emerging technology
challenges will be increasingly needed, valued, and expected.

19. Plausible Future:
Leaders in Open Data and Scholarship
• Adopt, advocate for, and educate on Findable, Accessible, Interoperable
and Reproducible (FAIR) Data.
• Shape and influence the design of data repositories and related practices
so that that there is meaningful interoperable, shared infrastructure.
• Create computation-ready collections from local materials and collect new
forms of data that are machine readable – and make them open.

20. Plausible Future:
Leaders in Ethical, Privacy, Financial Implications
• Convene, inform, shape and influence the ethics standards and practices,
particularly as they relate to data and its use in artificial intelligence and
learning analytics.
• Shape and influence the understanding and adoption of privacy policies
and practices by key decision-makers – particularly in online education.
• Identify and model the financial (including licensing), ethical, and privacy
tradeoffs – make them known.

21. Plausible Future :
Leaders in Collective Initiatives that Scale
• Work at scale to ensure sustainability of knowledge over time, even
redefining our economic and organizational models.
• Participate in the development and application of emerging
technologies and have the expertise to do so.
• Scale to provide new services through intra and inter-institutional
collaborations.

22. Conclusion
• Engage deeply with stakeholders in designing a future given
emerging technologies.
• Develop evidence based positions, and advocate for emerging
technologies conditions that advance the institutions mission and
define a leadership role for the research library.
• Invest strategically in the creation and support of critical
infrastructure for scholarship (research and learning).
• Take this historical moment to assess and design the research library
organization that will best meet this rapidly evolving future.

23. Thank you

24. 2020 IFLA ARL Hot Topics Session
Speaker: Kate (Wei) YANG
Deputy Curator of China University of Petroleum,
Beijing （CUPB）Library CUPB Director of
Intellectual Property Information Service Center
24

25. Catalysts of Innovation —
Intellectual Property Information Services in
Chinese University Libraries
Sept., 2020
25

26. Booming IPIS centers in China
Contents
Part
1
International comparison
Trends and impacts
Part
2
Part
3
26

27. Booming IPIS centers in China
Part
1
27

28. About 100 Intellectual Property Information Service centers(IPIS) have
been established in university libraries, over 80% of them in the last three
years.
Encouraged by China's Ministry of Education (MOE) and Intellectual
Property Office (IPO), 23 of them were recognized by the state government
and got glittering plaques on a ceremony in 2019. 37 of them recognized as
the second cohort in 2020 summer.
Some scholars argue that IPIS represents a promising direction in the
transformation of academic research libraries (ARL).
Brief
Ceremony in 2019
28

29. Distribution of IPISC centers
Unbalanced with several hubs
29

30. The settings ——patent application trend
30

31. Evolved from “novelty search service”. There are 102 university libraries accredited
by the MOE as “novelty search and certificate granting stations”. They have offered
this as a paid service for parent institutions, relevant communities, industries or
enterprises since 1990s. The price is set by the government. Many novelty
searches involve patent retrieving. Therefore the novelty search teams are
experienced and familiar with patent databases, platforms and statistic tools.
In China, university libraries have advantages in resources and staff as compared
to public libraries. Only 3 public libraries have patent document service stations.
Why inARL?
31

32. Why such rapid growth?
2015, State Council, <Some Suggestions on How to Speed Up Development of
China by Enhancing Intellectual Property Rights in the New Circumstances >
Jun. 2017, IPO, <First Group Research and Promotion Centers Accredited for
the State Patent Navigation Project >
Dec. 2017, MOE & IPO, <Higher Education Institution Intellectual Property
Information Service Center Establishment and Implementation Bylaw>. This
bylaw clearly directs the IPIS centers established at university libraries.
32

33. Current situation?
Booming, but far from mature, no concrete service specifications and guidelines. Many
pilot projects are fulfilled, a wide spectrum of services tried.
Name Practices
S** University
Library
regional IP station, maritime industry innovation support, maritime industry info thinktank
construction
T** University
Library
patent productivity & regional economic development, industry competitiveness based on
patent analysis, competitive intelligence based on patentmapping
F** University
Library
embedded patent navigation and layout service within research teams, university patent
competitiveness analysis, specific industry patent database construction, provincial IP
navigation project support, enterprise patent navigation and competitiveness analysis
H** University
Library
won a commercial contract to offer IPIS to a research institute
N** University
Library
embedded patent info service in research process, state IP training base patentdata
center, provincial IP info dissemination and utilizationbase
Jiangsu Province
IPO
“Provincial IP Info Dissemination and Utilization Base Establishment in University
Libraries” project
Guangdong
Province IPO
“ Enhancing IP Service Competence of College & University Libraries”project
33

34. International comparison
Part
2
34

35. There are 83 Patent and Trademark Resource Centers in the US, all in the
libraries. Same services in ARL, public and special libraries. Provided as a public
service, free of charge. There have been no clear impacts on library
transformation. Enormous, well developed commercial companies in the market.
US
Patent and Trademark Resource Centers in the U.S.
4431
8
academic libraries public libraries state and special libraries
35

36. There are two systems in the UK, one is the
British Library system, the other is a part of the
Europe Patent Office (EPO) system.
Centralized national network, the British Library
as the center, very effective to support
disadvantaged groups and individuals.
Only available at public libraries, no university
libraries involved. Public libraries evolve into
community innovation hubs.
UK
36

37. 37% of 321 PatLibs (patent information centers in Europe) in the universities, 119 in number,
but only 15 of them in the university libraries while others in the technology transfer dept., IP
office, law school etc.
11% of PatLibs, 39 in number, are in libraries, some in technology or public libraries.
Development varies, some well developed as patent service center (not just information
service), to regional centers, some very basic.
Europe
PatLibs in the Europe
37

38. The Ministry of Education (MOE) is the parent of universities, which
are the parent institutions of university libraries.
This time, the IPIS “movement” is not driven by tech, not by users’
demand, but by the government. China government’s drive is strong.
Related assessment and accreditation are in time and incentive. To
be recognized as State IPIS center is good for the reputation of a
library, as well as for the parent university.
Some unique features in China——MOE drive
38

39. IPIS evolved from for fee novelty searching. Novelty searches were
performed for a fixed price. With the creation of IPIS, the fee charged
varies case by case based on complexity and depth.
This offers an incentive to libraries to upgrade team competence by
attracting and keeping talent. With money, it is possible to have
commercial partners and libraries become more open, ambitious,
flexible and competitive with better morale and confidence.
Some unique features in China——Money
39

40. International comparison on IPIS in libraries
US UK Europe China
Name of
stations
Patent Trade
Resource Center,
PTRC
Business & IP
Center, BIPC
Patent Information
Center, PatLib
Intellectual Property Information
Service Center, IPISC
State network
83 PTRCs in 44 uni
lib, 31 pub lib and 8
other lib
14 BIPCs in pub
libs, British Library
as the center
321 PatLibs, 119 in
uni/only 15 in uni lib,
15 in pub lib, 9 in tech
lib
+100 IPISCs in uni lib, 3 patent
doc providers in pub lib or tech
lib
Market
environment
Enormous
developed
commercial IP firms
Enormous
developed
commercial IP firms
Varied in different
countries and regions
Not many IP firms and relatively
weak
Development
stage
Mature and stable
New centralized
system in last 10
years
Mature and stable Booming stage, far from mature
Service content
Promotion, training,
basic consulting for
public good
Patent clinics,
platforms to connect
SME and industry,
experts
Varied from shallow to
deep
Varied. Going towards
academic and in-depth
Fund & Fees Free Special fund, free
Varied. Free if for
public good
Value-added service, some are
not free
Impacts on
librarianship
Not obvious
Pub lib evolving to
community
innovation hubs
Not obvious
Profound impacts on uni library
transforming from multi-access
40

41. Trends and impacts
Part
3
41

42. Development direction of IPIS in China may like that in Europe. IPIS
varies in different libraries.
100 IPIS centers will differentiate from each other soon.
competent IPIS centers will develop into regional patent
Some
service
centers. These will be more influential in the local community, and in
relevant industries while many others offer relatively general service.
Trends
42

43. • Inspire. In-depth value-added patent info service to inspire innovation in
parent universities.
• Enable. Boosting technology transfer, supporting research, improving
patent quality, nurturing the creation of high value IP
• Engage. Differentiating libraries from Information Administration Dept.
(Currently, merging library with info administration center is a trend.)
Battling marginalization. Higher positioning of libraries in the community.
• Connect. Closer to university core business. Build more connections
between university, communities, industries for innovation.
From information providers to innovation catalysts
43

44. • Competence development takes time
• Innovation synergy on campus needed
• Communication skills, marketing smarts and a more
ambitious culture needed
• Infrastructure, shared data platforms needed
Challenges faced
44

45. Outputs: information intelligence
Positioning: information providers
Role: university heart
innovation catalysts
university brain
Consideration: university library role transforming
IPIS is the mainstay of emerging intelligence services in Chinese ARLs. Some scholars argue
that ARLs should become think tanks. More than a dozen information institutes have been
established within the Chinese ARLs. Intelligence services will be a major development
direction in the next five years.
Information + Processing Insights Intelligence
Joseph Fagan, Robert E. Ployhart(2015),The information processing foundations of human capital resources: Leveraging insights from information processing
approaches to intelligence,Human Resource Management Review 25 (2015) 4–11
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46. 2020 IFLA ARL Hot Topics Session Webinar
Your comments will be
highly appreciated!
46

47. Q&A
Please submit your questions to the
panelists through the Q&A button on
your screen.
47

48. thank you
Check out our IFLA talks at
IFLA.org/webinars
48
Hot Topics Planning Committee/Session Organizers:
Mari Aaltonen
Lorraine J. Haricombe
Sharon Murphy
Jim O'Donnell
Hot Topics Planning Presenters & Facilitator:
Gulcin Cribb
Mary Lee Kennedy
Wei (Kate) Yang
Lorraine J. Haricombe
Thank you for attending this Hot Topic session!