The future of agriculture in Somalia
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20 September 2019. Nairobi, Kenya. World Agroforestry (ICRAF). The meeting on the future of agriculture in Somalia, was attended by donors EU, USAID, JICA, UN agency FAO, and CG centres CIFOR, ICRAF, CIAT, CIP, CIMMYT, ICRISAT, IITA, ILRI and IRRI with ICARDA and IFPRI interested and on remote.
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The future of agriculture in Somalia
- 1. International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas icarda.org cgiar.org A CGIAR Research Center International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) Zewdie Bishaw http://www.icarda.org/
- 2. ICARDA was established in 1977 with focus on non-tropical drylands in Central and West Asia and North Africa (CWANA) and Sub-Sahhran Africa: headquartered in Syria but currently relocated in Lebanon Global and regional mandates sharing responsibilities with sister CG centers operating within CRP context: 1. Crop improvement • Global: Barley, faba bean, lentil and grass pea • Regional: Wheat with CIMMYT and Chickpea with ICRISAT • Seed systems 2. Natural resource management: land and water 3. Livestock: Small ruminants, feed resources, rangelands 4. Socio-economics and policy: Targeting, diversification, ICARDA- Research themes and locations IBON174/03 EH1847 Village: Kofele Farmer Name:
- 3. ICARDA has three research programs • Biodiversity and Crop Improvement Program (BCIP): Genetic resources, crop improvement, biotechnology, crop protection, seed delivery systems • Resilient Agricultural Livelihoods Systems Program (RALSP): System diversification & intensification • Small ruminant (genomics, breeding, markets), feed resources, rangelands • Conservation agriculture, agronomy • Targeting, value chains, adoption and impact, policy • Water and Land Management and Ecosystems Program (WLMEP): Water (supplementary irrigation, water harvesting, watershed, raised bed technology) and land management (fertility, salinity) ICARDA- Research themes and locations Distribute international nurseries to close to 150 cooperators in over 50 countries and released 1107 improved crop varieties
- 4. 4 .. ICARDA- Research themes and locations • Within its decentralization strategy it operates via research platforms or thematic research locations in certain geographic regions • Morocco: Rainfed Drylands crop improvement program (North Africa) • Ethiopia: Integrated crop-livestock research platform (SSARP) • Egypt: Water and Land management (NVRP) • India: Legumes (South Asia and China Regional Program) • Country offices: Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sudan, Uzbekistan Sub-Saharan Africa and Nile Valley Regional Program (Djibouti, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan and Tanzania with spillover to other SSA-West and South Africa)
- 5. Credit agencies Manufacturers Input suppliers NGOs Farmers Government policies, Informal institutions, practices, behaviors and attitudes NARS Extension agencies Education and training organizations Farmers Organization Research teams Innovation Platform Approach Local and national decision makers Service providers ICARDA- Working in R4D Continuum
- 6. 1. Crop Improvement: Varietal releases • Several cereal and legume varieties released in collaboration with NARS • Rust resistant wheats & lentils • High yielding and better malt quality barley • Orobanche and water logging tolerant faba bean • Ascochyta resistance and large seeded Kabuli chickpea ICARDA- Achievements Crop Varietal Releases Total Ethiopia Sudan Others Food barley 10 (4) - - 10 Malt barley 11 (2) - 2 13 Bread wheat 15 (3) 9 5 29 Durum wheat 7 4 - 11 Faba bean 17 (2) 11 - 28 Kabuli chickpea 10 (2) 10 - 20 Lentil 13 (2) 3 - 16 Grass pea 1 - - 1 Total 84 (15) 37 7 128 Somalia recently received international nurseries for evaluation under national conditions
- 7. Identifying high yielding rust resistant varieties Fast track testing and release Popularization /demonstration Accelerated seed multiplication Scaling-out of technologies Strengthening partners capacity Adoption and impact study Farmers 2a) Scaling out improved wheat technologies 51,258 farmers attended field days 10613 lines tested and 2485 lines (23%) retained 16 wheat varieties released in Ethiopia • ~50 AGP districts in Ethiopia • Spill-over (recycled seed) 55,813 MT produced and 1,414,087 hhs benefitted • EGS: 6426 MT/Year • CS: 23138 MT (42%)/year • QDS: 1440 MT FSPA • QDS: 16,560 MT by farmers (100,751 hhs) • 2077 SMS, DAs and researchers (TOT) • Key equipment and facilities for NARS and farmers • Adoption: 63% of farmers on 69% of area • Productivity: 351-455 kg/ha • HHs income: US$ 50-200/ha • HHs food security: increased SSARP- Achievements…
- 8. HHs characterization adoption and impact analysis Popularization and demonstration (Varieties & ICM) Accelerated seed multiplication (EGS, CS and QDS) Bio-fertilizers multiplication and distribution Strengthening capacity of partners and stakeholders GIS variety suitability mapping 2b) Scaling-out barley and legume technologies Baseline data generated from 3352 HHS in 14 districts Demonstrations: 884 plots Field day attendance: • Farmers= 19,189 (19%ffs) • Technical staff= 4565 (16%ffs) • EGS= 1701 t by NARS • CS/QDS= 4576 t by SPCs • Area = 40,115 ha • Farmers= 206,945 (11%?) • Faba bean = 22,543 packs • Chickpea = 11,392 packs • Farmers = 21,097 (11% ffs) Training • Farmers: 11,107 (15% ffs) • Technical staff: 2225 (18% ffs) Equipment and infrastructure • 40 threshers (ARCs & SPCs) • 4 vehicles (NARS) • Irrigation facilities, breeding cages • Varietal suitability for malt barley, faba bean and chickpea • Data layers identified, geospatial data compiled, environmental requirements completed SSARP- Achievements …
- 9. 9 3. Capacity Development • Post-graduate students trained (MSc and PhD) • Short- and long-term courses on various themes ICARDA- Achievements… Type of courses 1977-2009 2010-2017 Total Post-graduate (MSc) 19 10 29 Post-graduate (PhD) 19 19 Long-term individual courses 104 1 105 Short-term group courses 599 687 1286 NARS staff from Somalia participated in several ICARDA courses
- 10. 10 New ICARDA Strategy 2017-2026 Science-based solutions for thriving and resilient drylands. Thriving and resilient livelihoods in dry areas of the developing world with robust incomes, secure access to food, markets, nutrition and health, and the capacity to manage natural resources in equitable, sustainable, innovative ways. Our Mission To reduce poverty, food and nutritional insecurity and environmental degradation in the face of climate change. We will seek: • innovative science-based solutions for improving the livelihoods and resilience of the resource-poor in non-tropical drylands in order to reduce poverty, enhance food, nutrition, and water security, through the sustainable management of natural resources in the face of climate change. • cutting-edge science, strategic partnerships and capacity development for inclusive and equitable growth. Our Vision Built on past achievements and focus on emerging challenges IBON174/03 EH1847 Village: Kofele Farmer Name:
- 11. 11 • Unique collections of genetic resources (wheat, barley, lentil, chickpea, faba bean, grass pea and forages) and rhizobia • Improved germplasm to meet farmer and market needs, with resistance to biotic & abiotic stresses and with quality & nutritional attributes • Seed delivery systems for scaling out technologies in partnership with development partners • Small ruminant genetics, expertise in community breeding, marketing • Water harvesting and on-farm water management • Farming with alternative pollinators (FAP) • Capacity development • Socioeconomics and policy Leveraging ICARDA Strengths and Comparative AdvantageScience Strengths IBON174/03 EH1847 Village: Kofele Farmer Name:
- 12. SDGs CGIAR SLOsOURRESEARCH 5 SRATEGIC RESEARCH OUTCOMES (SRO) 4 CROSS- CUTTING OUTCOMES (CCO) SRP2. Improved and resilient crops for greater food security in face of climate change and market volatilities. SRP3. Develop integrated drylands farming systems for improved and resilient livelihoods. SRP5: Support sustainable use and management of water and land resources in drylands. SRP1. Collect, Conserve and use agricultural biodiversity in drylands in order to meet future climate and market related challenges. REDUCED POVERTY FOOD & NUTRITION SECURITY SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Climate Change Adaptation & Mitigation Gender Equity & Youth Big Data & ICT Taking Research to Scale – Partnerships for Impact SRP4. Support the establishment of functional value chains and viable off- farm activities for diversified incomes and improved livelihoods in drylands. Capacity Development
Hinweis der Redaktion
- MAIN MESSAGE: ICARDA HAS A DECENTRALIZED RESEARCH DELIVERY SYSTEM THE RESULT: MORE EFFICIENCY, IMPROVED DELIVERY OF SCIENTIFIC INNOVATIONS, AND ENHANCED RELEVANCE AND PROXIMITY TO PARTNER COUNTRIES. THE CENTER IS ALREADY EXPERIENCING THE ADVANTAGES OF ITS NEW DECENTRALIZED RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE: CLOSER PROXIMITY TO PARTNER COUNTRIES AND FARMERS, GREATER FLEXIBILITY AND RESPONSIVENESS TO GLOBAL CHALLENGES, AND THE IMPROVED DELIVERY OF NEW INNOVATIONS AND TECHNOLOGIES. FROM A SITUATION OF ADVERSITY, THE CENTER HAS EMBRACED THE OPPORTUNITY TO BECOME MORE EFFICIENT, EFFECTIVE, AND RELEVANT.
- MAIN MESSAGE: ICARDA HAS LAUNCHED ITS NEW STRATEGIC PLAN 2017-2026. THE STRATEGY OUTLINES OUR RESEARCH & ORGANIZATIONAL APPROACH FOR ACTION TO ACHIEVE OUR VISION OF THRIVING & RESILIENT COMMUNITIES IN THE DRY AREAS OF THE DEVELOPING WORLD. IT LAYS THE GROUNDWORK FOR BUILDING ON FORTY YEARS OF PAST ACHIEVEMENTS, LESSONS LEARNED AND SUCCESSFUL PARTNERSHIPS AND INVESTMENTS AT REGIONAL AND GLOBAL LEVELS. MAIN MESSAGE: OUR STRATEGIC MISSION IS TO REDUCE POVERTY, FOOD, WATER AND NUTRITIONAL INSECURITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION IN THE FACE OF CLIMATE CHANGE THOUGH CUTTING EDGE SCIENCE, STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS&CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT. Strategy is aligned with national development priorities of the countries we work in, the wider Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Agenda for 2030 and the SRF 2016-2030 of the CGIAR system and climate agreements. This new Strategic Plan ensures that the research ICARDA undertakes and the knowledge it generates continues to be demand-driven, relevant and addresses the challenges of smallholder farmers, particularly women and youth. We recognize that innovation, adaptation and resilience are key to the future of the organization, just as they are to the future of people in the non-tropical dry areas. The ideas we have are bold and ambitious, and we strongly believe that, underpinned by sufficient resources, they will allow us to achieve the results our partners & stakeholders need & deserve. Cutting-edge, relevant scientific research will spur agricultural transformation and forge a brighter future for millions of women, men and young people.
- MAIN MESSAGE: THE NEW STRATEGY LEVERAGES ICARDA’S STRENGTHS AND COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES– SOME OF WHICH ARE UNIQUE TO ICARDA.
- MAIN MESSAGE: OUR STRATEGY IS DESIGNED TO CONTRIBUTE DIRECTLY TO THE SDGS AND ARE FULLY ALIGNED WITH CGIAR’s SRF: REDUCED POVERTY, FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES. 5 STRATEGIC RESEARCH OUTCOMES AND 4 CROSS-CUTTING OUTCOMES – FOCUSING ON PARTNERSHIPS TO BE ABLE TO TAKE RESEARCH TO SCALE. Support resilient and profitable smallholder farming systems that are climate protected in hotter and dryer climates – a 4 Degree World. Address the yield gaps through improved agronomic practices; Support demand proven value chains in the mandated crops and livestock and move to higher value products. Generate new & better job opportunities for youth &women in agricultural service sectors and functional value chains & markets &empower them through capacity building and Improve on-farm water productivity in irrigated & rainfed production systems; tap into new water.