Morocco Country Presentation by Hilali Hamida at the International Conference on Pulses in Marrakesh, Morocco, 18-20 April 2016

1. Hilali Hamida
Country – Successes, Lessons Learnt & Challenges Ahead
INRA-Morocco
Strengthening Wheat – Legume systems in West Asia and North Africa

2. 2
Major Focus Areas of Project Activities
Rabat-Sale-Zemmour-Zaer
• Arable land: 442700 ha
• Food legumes area: 30100 ha (7 % AL)
• Dominance of small farmers
• Main constraints:
 Irregular and insufficient rain
 Low knowledge of cultural practices
especially control of weeds and other
pests and diseases.

3. 3
Focus food legumes Crops
Faba bean
Chick pea
Lentil

4. 4
Major Focus Areas of Project Activities
Seed production
G0/G1, seed increase of superior genotypes
Dissemination and Promotion of improved production technologies
(Varieties, IPM, Conservation agriculture)
Capacity Building of Farmers and staff
Back up and gap filling research
(Orobanche and large leaf weeds control)
Socio-economic studies
(Baseline study, economical evaluation of technologies introduced, adoption study)

5. 5
Project Outputs (1)
Early generation seed increase
• Participation at the INRA early generation program during
the first year (23 varieties)
• Purification of Arifi (CP variety) and its conservation as safety
stock

6. 6
Project Outputs (2)
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
Faba bean 6 4 0*
Lentil 9 4 2
Chickpea 6 5 3
Total 21 13 5
Seed increase
Seed production (100kg)
0
5
10
15
20
25
CP L FB
1 2.1
3.3
0.9 0.4 0.3
17
20.2
0
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15
Number of varieties concerned by seed increase

7. 7
Project output (3)
Development and introduction of IPM package
for pulses Improvement
•Disease Resistant varieties
•Optimum seeding date
•Optimum seeding rate
•Optimum fertilization
•Chemical control of weeds, diseases and insects
• Harvest and post harvest technologies

8. 8
Project output (4)
Chemical control of Broadleaf weeds in legume crops
Lentil Chickpea Faba bean

9. 9
Project output (5)
Control of Orobanche in lentil and chickpea
Rates of glyphosate tolerated by:
• Lentil are 20 to 25 g/ha
• Chickpea are 25 to 30 g/ha
Excellent results were obtained by farmers in
project sites using a dose of 27 g/ha of glyphosate
to control orobanche in chickpea

10. 10
Project output (6)
Development of a prototype of sprayer adapted to small farms

11. 11
Project output (7)
Introduction of Conservation Agriculture in the region

12. 12
Capacity building for scientists
Training Total
Short term courses (1) 12
Participation to seminars 2
Degree 3
Project Outputs (8)
Number of
actions
Number of
participants
FFS 14 560
Field days 16 640
Farmers sons Training
courses
10 80
Capacity building for farmers

13. 13
Project outcome (1)
Yield improvement under IPM package
0
50
100
150
200
FB CP L
190
89
50
Pourcentage of average yield increase in pilot plots compared to
Rural community of Had Ait Mimoun
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
CP L
30
9
Pourcentage of average yield increase in pilot plots compared to
Rural community of Marchouch

14. 14
Benefit improvement under IPM package
Items
Chickpea Faba bean lentils
Farmers Package Farmers Package Farmers Package
Average yield in t/ha 0,63 1,29 0,95 1,58 0,54 1,09
Gross benefit MAD/ha 4095 8409 4289 7118 3240 6518
Net benefit MAD/ha 47 3549 -205 2468 -211 1757
Net benefit $/ha
5,5 417 - 24 290 - 24,8 183
Project Outcome (2)

15. 15
Fig 6: Effects of NT and CA on grain and straw yield of lentil at 3 sites in Zaer , (*) means significant
difference (t-student test)
0,0
2,0
4,0
6,0
8,0
10,0
12,0
14,0
Farm 1 Farm 2 Farm 3
Grain
Yield…
*
Lentil
Chickpea
4 to 6 qx/ha more under CA
Project Outcome (3)
Yield improvement under Conservation Agriculture

16. 16
Participant to trials
Participant to field days and
neighbours to demonstration
trials
Crops
Variety
Name
AR
(%)
AD
(%)
Adoption
Rank
AR (%) AD (%)
Adoption
Rank
Chickpea
Zahour 100 100 1 12 50 1
Moubarak 100 40 2 8 40 2
Arifi 100 26 3 3 20 3
lentils
Bekria 100 100 1 17 50 1
Zaaria 100 25 2 1 20 2
Abdia 100 20 3 1 20 2
Chekouf 100 10 4 1 20 2
Adoption Rate and Degree of Adoption for varieties
Project outcome (4)

17. 17
Adoption rate for different component of Technical Package
Component of the proposed technical
package
AR for
participant to
trials (%)
AR for participant to field
days and neighbors to
trials (%)
Optimum Planting dates 70 37
Optimum seeding rate 89 34
Optimum rate of Fertilizer 58 28
Improved weed management 56 14
Improved disease management 65 25
Orobanche management (Faba) 67 11

18. 18
Outstanding Project Result
Farmers sons training
Focusing on farmers sons enabled them to become more enterprising
and participative in taking decisions in their farms and more efficient
in transferring technologies inside the rural commune
Adoption of IPM package for food legumes
The package used in IPM for legumes management allowed a
comeback to the rotation cereal / legumes and in general an
increase in food legumes area and production

19. 19
The IPM technologies have increased the control of different pests with less negative imact
on the environment
Chickpea Faba bean Lentils
Increase in net benefit dh/ha 3502 2673 1968
Expected area for IPM 500 500 2000
Expected benefit in dh 1.751.000 1.336.500 3.936.000
Total expected benefit 7.023.500 MDH 826.000 $
Expected economic impact
Expected impact of IPM technological package in Conventional Agriculture
• The adoption of IPM technological package resulted in an increase of about 1.5 days of
labor per hectare per year
increase of about 4500 days of labor per year in the region.
• Reinforcement of farmer’s sons capacity provide them tools for a better participation in
the family farmer management and more integration in their village.
Expected social impact
Expected environmental impact
Outstanding Project Result

20. 20
What can contribute to the sustainability of the project ?
• Young farmers capacity building
• Partnership with IMFLI project for
VBSE establishment

21. 21
Conservation Agriculture: an opportunity for food legumes
improvement and sustainability
No till Soil suitability map: 64%
Great need for no till seeders

22. 22
Lessons Learnt from the Project
• There is a high yield and net income gap. So transferring adapted technologies may have a good impact to the
extension of food legumes and therefore to the sustainability of the cereal/food legume system
• Food legumes cannot be developed without taking into account the problem of availability of good quality
seeds (VBSE)
• For any project, all the value chain have to be studied and developed.
• The unit of the ministry in charge of advise (ONCA) must be implicated in all the project activities to insure its
durability
• It ‘s very important to implicate young people in the process (More opened mind, sustainabilty, reinforcement)
• The multidisciplinary and multi institutionnal team is very important to fulfill the project tasks

23. 23
aknowlegment to the team project
A multidisciplinary and multi institutional team
INRA ICARDA ONCA DRA
Hilali H.
Lhaloui S.
Ramdani A. Hamal
A.
Krimi Benchekroun
S.
El Aissaoui A.
Boughlala M.
Baye Y.
Moussadek R.
Khadir M.
Douiek A
Zouahri A.
Laaich H,
Maadoudi L.
Beggali G.
Gaboune F.
Bentata F.
El Yousfi B.
Nasrollah N.
Houasli C.
Fatemi Z.A.
Abbad Andaloussi F.
El Kharrat M.
Bouhssini M.
Souihka A.
Tadesse
Nachit M.
Shiv Koumar A.
Karthika R.
Maatougui E.H
Akkach
Niane A.
Zewdie B.
Ramah M
Mouziade S
Aouidate M.
Hadrioui A
Belhaj M.
 Farmers (individual, cooperatives, associations)
Agronomy
Malherbology
Entomology
Weed Science
Phytopathology
Plant breeding
Soil science
Biometry

24. THANK YOU