This document discusses the rapid urbanization of the world's population and its implications for climate change and the environment. Some key points: - For the first time in history, over half the world's population lives in urban areas, a proportion that is projected to reach 60% by 2030. - Much of the expected growth in global population by 2050 will occur in cities in the poorest countries. - Coastal cities are vulnerable to rising sea levels, and small island nations are at risk of becoming uninhabitable due to climate change. Millions may become "climate refugees" with nowhere to relocate. - New Zealand has among the highest per capita carbon emissions in the world,

1. Cities – deciders of the future

2. For the first time ever –half of us
live in cities
• For the first time in history most of the world’s population will live in
world s
urban centres
• Prior to 1800 Less than 10%
• 1900 13%
• 1950 29%
• 2000 47%
• 2007 50%
• 2030 Likely 60%
• UN projects that all of the 1.7 billion population increase between now
and 2030 will take place in the CITIES of the DEVELOPING WORLD
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3. Our crowded planet ...
• 1950 2.5 billion people
• 2007 6 6 billion
6.6
• 2050 9.2 billion
Much of the 2.6 billion rise in global
population by 2050 will come from the
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poorest countries .

4. Living on the edge of the rising sea
• World’s cities concentrated along the
coastlines so that now
• 10% of the world’s population live in low
lying coastal zones ( less than 10metres
above sea level )
Never before in history has the magnitude of human activity
been large enough to change fundamental natural processes
on a global scale
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5. A time of climate refugees
• Tokelaus 1500
• Tovalu 12,000
• Kiribati 110 000
110,000

6. And where do these people go ?
• Samoa, Tonga, Fiji ...increasingly hit by
storms and severe weather events
• Philippines 95 million people,
7000 islands
• Vi t
Vietnam

7. And is there any justice in climate
change ?

8. Of all the developed countries
NZ is the most dependent on its natural
environment for its income

9. Per capita emissions in Co2 only.
How do we rank out of 195 countries?
1. 11th worst
2. 32nd worst
3. 63rd worst
4. 98th worst
5. 148th worst

10. How we rank
2000 per capita emission in Co2 only
1.
1 Qatar 67 9
67.9
2. United Arab Emirates 36.1
3. Kuwait 31.6
4.
4 Australia 25 6
25.6
5. Bahrain 24.8
6. United States 24.5
7.
7 Canada 22 122.1
8. Brunei 21.7
9. Luxembourg 21.0
10. Trinidad & Tobago 19.3
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11. New Zealand 18.9
12. Antigua & Barbuda 18.5
13. Ireland 17.3
14. Estonia 16.6
15. Saudi Arabia 16.4
16. Belgium 14.5
17. Czech Republic 13.9
18. Singapore 13.9

11. Our emissions target
• Our emissions target :
10-20% below 1990
• We become among the worst performing
countries in the world environmentally
• Our branding of 100% Pure is undone
• We forego all the opportunities for
positioning our food our intellect ,and all
food, and
our export potential as a slow follower ...

12. New Zealand’s Income
(straight from our environment)
• 100% Pure Brand
• Agriculture
• Horticulture
• Education
• Tourism
• High value p
g products

13. What if we saw a huge opportunity
here as well as a huge challenge?
• The biggest opportunity ever to become a
centre for cleantech and real leadership
• E i
Engineering, t h i
i tech, innovation – it got out
ti its t t
name on it
• What if Christchurch saw the opportunities
as a plus and not just a cost ?

17. A brief city p
y plan
• Make the target visible . We want to reduce our GHG
output by 5 tonne per person per year .
• Make them visible to the individual –smart meters that
are smart for the consumer
• A city solar farm –with free solar installation
• A feed in tariff
• V t
Venture capital f clean t h
it l for l tech
• Comprehensive recycling
• Water charges , and a strict policy of ensuring water
lasts
• Building a city reputation for leadership in this space
g y p p p
• Eco tourism
• Climate change education

19. How much would you pay to avoid
the extremes of climate change?
1. 1% of your income
2. 2% of your income
3. 3% of your income
4. 10% of your income
5. Nothing

20. What would most entice
YOU to take the bus?
1.
1 Free latte as you step on
2. Petrol at $3.00 litre
3. Speed dating on the bus
4.
4 Priority lanes which meant you sped past the cars
5. Convertible top storey on the bus , so you sit in the sun
6. A loyalty scheme like Fly buys (Bus buys)
7.
7 Free Wi Fi
Wi-Fi

21. Electric Vehicles
• Electric Cars, trucks, buses.
• Link with houses as power generation
units Garage/solar/battery

22. The Tesla electric

24. What would be the most satisfying
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thing about driving an electric car?
1. not feeling guilty
2. the cost
3. knowing I wasn't having to pay money to oil companies
4. knowing I was doing my bit for the planet
5. having one that looked like the Tesla Roadster

25. Do we need 3 levels of government?
1. Yes
2. No

26. Which one needs to go?
1. City and District Councils
2. Regional Council
3. National G
3 N ti l Government
t

27. What would we save?
• If we save 1% of CCC ($560M) and 1% of
Regional Council (about $100M) by
combining the two functions in each
district
di t i t
What would it mean ?
• Th f Ch i t h h Cit th t’ about
Then for Christchurch City that’s b t
$7million
• Or 2% = $14M
• O 5% = $35M
Or $35M…

28. Transforming waste into reusable resource
Sea 60 ha waste water
discharge algae supply ponds
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Harvester
inflow
Algae inside
harvester
28

29. Algae to Crude Oil
Hydro Green crude Oil &
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water separation
Green crude (left and middle) & Aromatics
(petrol fraction - right) Diesel Fraction Jet Fraction 29

30. Smart meters
• At a glance :
• Real-time electricity bills: how much is your
energy consumption costing at that moment?
• The effect of turning appliances off around the
house, find out how much you're saving
, y g
• The total amount of electricity you're using

31. What would make you buy a smart meter?
1. Payback within 3 years
2. Payback within 1 year
3. Payback within 6 months
4. Link to a supplier for 2 years and they do it free
5. If the colour matches my new kitchen

32. A city wide solar farm
• Real estate already provided

33. At what point would you install solar
heating at your place?
1. $3000
2. $1500 up front
3.
3 $750 up front
4.
4 Free and pay for the capital cost out of savings over 3 years

34. What if we could suck the carbon
out of the atmosphere ?
“perhaps the only tool we have to bring carbon
p p y g
dioxide back to pre-industrial levels was to let
the biosphere p p it from the air for us. It
p pump
currently removes 550bn tons a year, about 18
times more than we emit, but 99.9% of the
,
carbon captured this way goes back to the air as
CO2 when things are eaten."
eaten.
James Lovelock

37. Smart cities will ensure their own
survival.
survival Tread lightly –your kids would
your
like to follow in your footsteps
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