Cloud & Containers

1. A Brief History of Cloud
A container story
Franck Descollonges – IBM Cloud Developer Advocate Europe
13th of June 2019

2. Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Back to basics : The IT Stack

3. Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications
Traditional
On-Premises
Software as a
Service (SaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Managed by
provider
Managed
internally

4. Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications
Traditional
On-Premises
Software as a
Service (SaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Managed internally Managed by provider
Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS)

5. Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Code
Traditional
On-Premises
Platform as a
Service (PaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Managed internally Managed by provider
Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS)
Create / Deploy
applications

6. Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Code
Traditional
On-Premises
Platform as a
Service (PaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Data
Applications / Code
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Data
Applications / Code
Managed internally Managed by provider
Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Data
Code
Container as a
Service (CaaS)
Middleware Middleware Middleware

7. Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Code
Traditional
On-Premises
Platform as a
Service (PaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Managed internally Managed by provider
Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Middleware
Runtime
Data
Code
Container as a
Service (CaaS)
Applications / Code
Container

8. IT is being transformed by Containers
– driven by agility and economics
Malcolm McLean - 1937
Intermodal Shipping Containers
Standardized Building Block
90% Decrease in Costs
Flexibility
Portability
Efficiency
Revolutionized International Trade
Open Source (Apache) - 2013
OS-level Virtualization Containers
Standardized Building Block
48% Decrease in Costs
Flexibility
Portability
Efficiency
Revolutionizing IT

9. Why it works? Separation of concerns
Deb - The Developer Mike - The Ops Guy
Worries about what’s « inside » the
container
• Her code
• Her libraries
• Her Package Manager
• Her Apps
• Her Data
To her, all Linux servers look the same
Worries about what’s « outside » the
container
• Logging
• Remote access
• Monitoring
• Network config
All containers start, stop, copy,
attach, migrate … the exact same
way

10. Why Customers are interested in Containers
#1 : Application Portability
• Isolated containers package the application, dependencies and configurations together. These
containers can then seamlessly move across environments and infrastructures.
#2 : Ship More Software
• Accelerate development & deployment, CI and CD pipelines by eliminating headaches of setting
up environments and dealing with differences between environments. On average, containers
users ship software 7X more frequently.
#3 : Resource Efficiency
• Lightweight containers run on a single machine and share the same OS kernel while images are
layered file systems sharing common files to make efficient use of RAM and disk and start
instantly.

11. VMs and Containers
Containers = Linux namespaces + cgroups + overlay (union) file system + image format
VMs Containers
Base OS / Kernel
Container Engine
BINS / LIBS
VM VMVM
Container Container Container
BINS / LIBS
RUNTIME APP 2 APP 3
APP 1

12. Exemples
Containers
RHEL
Docker Engine
ALPINE
Container Container Container
UBUNTU
LIBERTY PYTHON NODE.JS
APP.EAR APP.PY APP.JS
IBM Cloud Infrastructure

13. > Announced June 20th, 2015
> Charter signed on
December 8th, 2015
> 37 member companies
> Initial specifications
reached 1.0 in June 2017
https://opencontainers.org
https://github.com/opencontainers
• A Linux Foundation Collaborative Project
• Free from specific vendor control / an
open ecosystem
• Includes:
• a runtime specification
• reference runtime* (runc)
• an image format specification
• an image distribution spec (2019)
*seeded with runc + libcontainer by Docker

14. Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Code
Traditional
On-Premises
Platform as a
Service (PaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Managed internally Managed by provider
Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Middleware
Runtime
Data
Code
Container as a
Service (CaaS)
Applications / Code
Container

15. Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Code
Traditional
On-Premises
Platform as a
Service (PaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Managed internally Managed by provider
Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Code
Container as a
Service (CaaS)
Applications / Code
ContainerContainer
« Public » Cloud

16. Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Code
Traditional
On-Premises
Platform as a
Service (PaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Managed internally Managed by provider
Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Code
Container as a
Service (CaaS)
Applications / Code
ContainerContainer
« Public » Cloud

17. Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Code
Private Cloud
Platform as a
Service (PaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Middleware
Runtime
Data
Applications / Code
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Runtime
Middleware
Data
Applications / Code
Managed internally Managed by provider
Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS)
Networking
Storage
Servers
Virtualization
O/S
Middleware
Runtime
Data
Code
Container as a
Service (CaaS)
Applications / Code
ContainerContainer
« Public » Cloud

18. Why do you need Container Orchestration?
VS.
Pets Cattle

19. What is Kubernetes ?
“Kubernetes is an open-source platform for automating
deployment, scaling, and management of containerized
applications across clusters of nodes”

20. Kubernetes Capabilities
Intelligent Scheduling
Sevice Discovery & Load balancing Automated rollouts & rollbacks
Self healing Horizontal scaling
Secret and configuration management

21. Kubernetes – Simplified architecture
22
yaml file
etcd

22. A few Kubernetes companions (based on Open Technologies)
Container Orchestration
Kubernetes
Terraform
Image
Registry
Infrastructure
Language Runtimes
(NodeJS/Java/Python)
MonitoringDevOps ToolsLogging
Service Mesh
Istio
Package
Manager

23. Trail Map

24. Kubernetes Ecosystem ~ 50 Components
https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/SSBS6K_3.2.0/getting_started/components.html

25. Do you want to build it yourself?

26. IBM Cloud Garage
27
IBM Cloud / © 2018 IBM Corporation
Nordics
IBM Cloud Garage
Garage Method
§ Best Practices
§ Prescriptive Guidance from Industry
Experts
§ Proven Methodology
§ Reference Architectures

27. 28IBM Cloud / © 2018 IBM Corporation
IBM Cloud Garage
Garage Method
§ Best Practices
§ Prescriptive Guidance from Industry
Experts
§ Proven Methodology
§ Reference Architectures
IBM Cloud Garage

28. IBM offers the complete spectrum of cloud deployment models
Seamless Experience
Regardless of which combination you choose,
you get a single, seamless experience.
1 | Public
Maximize on cloud
agility and economics.
3 | Private
Behind the firewall for the
most demanding workloads.
Choice with consistency
Hybrid integration
DevOps productivity
Cognitive solutions
Powerful, accessible data
and analytics
2 | Dedicated
Public cloud benefits, with
dedicated infrastructure.

29. IBM offers the complete spectrum of cloud deployment models
Multi Cloud Management
1 | Public
Maximize on cloud
agility and economics.
3 | Private
Behind the firewall for the
most demanding workloads.
Choice with consistency
Hybrid integration
DevOps productivity
Cognitive solutions
Powerful, accessible data
and analytics
2 | Dedicated
Public cloud benefits, with
dedicated infrastructure.

30. 313131
Try IBM Kubernetes Services in IBM Cloud
IBM Cloud / © 2018 IBM Corporation
https://cloud.ibm.com
A certified, managed Kubernetes service
Built-in security and isolation to enable rapid delivery of apps.
Available in six IBM regions WW, including 60+ datacenters.
Fully dedicated, single tenant clusters deployed within customer
account and network
Seamless integration with IBM Cloud services
Portability with native Kubernetes experience and full API support

31. 323232
Free Community
Edition
(available on Docker Hub)
Try IBM Cloud Private
IBM Cloud / © 2018 IBM Corporation
https://cloud.ibm.com/Try-IBMCloudPrivate

32. 33

34. A few screenshots
35