3. Bispyribac-sodium is a systemic post-emergence herbicide. It is a selective,
systemic post-emergence herbicide, absorbed by foliage and roots. It is
effective against grasses, sedges and broad leaf weeds of rice crop. Also used
to stunt growth of weeds innon-crop situations.
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4. Ischaemum RugosumEchinochloa crusgalli
Cyperus Iria
Fimbristylis Miliacca
Eclipta Alba
Echinochloa colonum Cyperus Difformis
Ludwigia Parvi ora
Monochoria Vaginalis
Alternanthera Philoxeroides
Weeds do enormous damage to the Rice
crop. They directly deplete the soil
nutrients and moisture and compete
with crop plants for light and space thus,
reduce the crop yields. Indirectly, they
cause damage to the crops harbouring
pestsanddiseaseagents.
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5. Rice is the most important human food crop in the world, directly
feeding more people than any other crop. It is also the staple food
across Asia where around half of the world's poorest people live
andisbecomingincreasinglyimportantinwholeworld
As a cereal grain, it is the most
widely consumed staple food for a
large part of the world's human
population, especially in Asia. It is
the agricultural commodity with
the third-highest worldwide
production , after sugarcane and
maize. Unmilled rice, known as
"paddy", is usually harvested
when the grains have a moisture
content of around 25%. Rice is the
most important crop in Asia, for
example, 90% of the total
agricultural area is used for rice
production.
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6. Like other agricultural and horticultural
crops, rice also needs optimum agronomic
care for a high and sustained productivity.
Among the critical factors limiting optimum
productivity from hunter plantations,
weeds are counted as one in the top of the
list.
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7. Barnyard Grass ( Echinochloa Crusgalli ) is a rather distinctive grass with a spreading habit and large spikelets in two rows
on the branches of the panicle. Leaves are without hairs, auricles, and ligules, and the leaf sheaths are often tinted red or
maroon at the base. Seed-head are a panicle at the top, 4-16 inches in length. Panicles may be green to purple in color
and are comprised of individual spikelets that may develop a 2-10 mm long terminal awn. This annual grass is commonly
found in wet areas.
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8. Jungle Rice ( Echinochloa Colonum ) is an annual grass with
culms rising prostrate 10-100 cm long. Leaf-sheaths are
hairless on surface. Ligule are absent. Leaf-blades are 5-30 cm
long, 2-8 mm wide. Flower racemes are borne along a central
axis, 0.5-3 cm long. Central in orescence axis is 1-15 cm long.
Spikelet packing is crowded. Spikelets occur in pairs, or
clustered at each node. Fertile spikelets are stalkless, 2-4 in
the cluster, subequal. In Rajasthan the seeds are used as rice -
henceitscommonnameinEnglishjunglerice
A usually climbing, tufted grass, sometimes erect, branched
annual grass growing up about 1 m high, rooting at the lower
nodes, reproduces from seeds. Spikelets are about 4-6 mm
long, yellow-green and in pairs (one stalked and one sessile).
They are ridged and have awns, about 1.5-2 cm long, that are
rather twisted at the base, Pedicelled spikelet dorsally
compressed, variable in size, often much reduced especially
toward raceme apex, awnless; pedicel elongate when spikelet
rudimentary.
Echinochloa Colonum
Ischaemum Rugosum
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9. Rice Flat Sedge is an erect, not clustered, annual herb
which doesn't form rhizomes. Culms (stems) are 12-50 cm
tall, three-sided. Leaves are few, basal, 10-50 x 3-6 mm,
linear, at, gradually tapering, rough on upper margins;
sheaths 1-3 cm long, purplish-brown. In orescence are
compound, 8-15 cm across, diffuse, branches spike-like;
leafy bracts 3-5, the longest upto 35 cm long. Rice Flat
Sedge is found in degraded deciduous forests, marshy
areasandpaddy elds.
Variable Flats edge is a plant of aquatic and moist
habitats. It is a weed of rice elds, but not
generally a troublesome one. This is an annual
herb with one to many thin, soft erect stems
reaching over 30 cm in height. There are usually a
few long, wispy leaves around the base of the
plant. The in orescence is a rounded bundle 1-3
cm wide, containing up to 120 spikelets, each long
and partially or entirely covered in up to 30
bracted owers. The owers are light brown with
areas darker brown and sometimes a yellowish or
purplishtint.
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10. HPM BENISTER www.hpmindia.com
Annual or perennial, without hairs, strongly
tillering, with brous roots and up to 80−90 cm
high. Stem is slender, erect, densely tufted,
compressed, and smooth; strongly angled at the
top and attened at the base; 20−70 cm tall.
Leaves are stiff and thread-like; on owerless
stems: in 2 rows and with attened sheaths; no
prominent midribs; on owering stems: only
linear leaf sheaths; basal leaves have
overlapping leaf sheaths; ligule absent. Straw-
colored orpaleivorynut,0.2−0.3mmlong.
Fimbristylis Miliacea
11. False Daisy ( Eclipta Alba ) is an annual commonly found growing in waste ground. Stems
are erect or prostate, entirely velvety, often rooting at nodes. Oppositely arranged
stalkless, oblong, lance-shaped, or elliptic leaves are 2.5-7.5 cm long. It has a short, at or
round, brown stem and small white daisy-like owers on a long stalk. Eclipta grows
abundantlyinthetropicsandisusedwithsuccessinAyurvedicmedicine.
Perennial Water Primrose is an erect herbs. Leaves 2-6 x 0.5-15 cm, elliptic-lanceolate,
base narrowed, tip pointed to long-pointed, hairless. Flowers are stalkless, yellow, 4-
merous. Sepal tube is adnate to ovary, sepals lobes 4, about 2 mm long, ovate long-
pointed. Petals are 4-5 mm long, elliptic, yellow. Stamens are 4, laments short. Ovary is 1-
1.5cmlong,linear,4-celled,4-angled.
Oval Leaf Pondweed is an attached aquatic annual or perennial herb with emersed leaves,
to 50 cm tall. More widespread than M. hastata, it is a serious weed of rice elds. Leaves
variable - 2-12.5 cm long, 0.5-10 cm wide, in very young plants without lamina; leaves of
somewhat older plants with a oating linear or lanceolate blade; leaves of still older
plants, ovate-oblong to broadly ovate, sharply acuminate, the base heart-shaped or
rounded,shiny,deepgreenincolor.
Alligator weed is an immersed aquatic plant. It originated in South America, but has
spread to many parts of the world and is considered an invasive species in Australia,
China, New Zealand, Thailand and the United States. It is a sprawling herb, usually in
water, often in row crops and gardens. Stems are pinkish, can become hollow when larger,
up to 3.3 ft long. Leaves are opposite, narrowly elliptic or spatulate, up to 9 cm long;
occasionallyafewindistinctteethonmargin.
Goose Weed is a branched annual herb, growing up to 1.5 m tall with hollow stems. Roots
are brous, white to brown. Leaves are lanceshaped, narrowly ovate to elliptic, up to 12 x 5
cm, hairless, margin entire, stalk up to 1.5 cm long. Flowers are borne in conical-cylindric
spikes up to 12 cm long. Flowers very small, white, greenish or pink yellow. Fruit is a
capsule, 4-5 mm in diameter, splitting below the sepals, leaving the base attached to the
rhachis.
Eclipta Alba
Ludwigia Parvi ora
Monochoria Vaginalis
Alternanthera Philoxeroides
Sphenoclcea Zeylenica
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