Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA Treatment ) -Modern Technology for management liver cancer, Kidney and Lung Tumors

Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA Treatment ) -Modern
Technology for management liver cancer, Kidney and Lung
Tumors
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Tumors
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It is a new minimally invasive technique that involves the introduction of image guided
electric needles through small punctures in the skin of the body overlying the diseased
tissue. The probes are guided to the target site with the help of CT scan or ultrasound.
Once the target is reached high frequency current is passed through the needle probes
which produces large amount of heat within and around the tumor cells and kills them
tumor. It is helpful in localized tumors and can also be used in conjunction with
resection or chemotherapy.
RFA can be used successfully to destroy tumor tissue in any part of the body. It can
also be used to treat any dysfunctional tissue. Currently it has been used effectively to
treat cardiac arrhythmia, liver cancer, varicose veins, kidney tumors, chronic low back
pain (rhizotomy). In the last 15 years RFA has come to be a dependable and safe
procedure with promising outcome. It is generally used for multiple tumors within the
same organ or various organs, primary or secondary tumors, or if the tumor is too
large to be resected or if the patient cannot tolerate surgery.
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Tumors
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An important advantage of RF current (over previously
used low frequency AC or pulses of DC) is that it does
not directly stimulate nerves or heart muscle and can
therefore often be used without the need for general
anesthetic. RFA has become increasingly accepted in
the last 15 years with promising results.[1][2] RFA
procedures are performed under image guidance
(such as X-ray screening, CT scan or ultrasound) by
an interventional pain specialist (such as an
anesthesiologist), interventional radiologist or a
cardiac electrophysiologist, a subspecialty of
cardiologists.

RFA for Liver Cancer
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Radiofrequency ablation is used to treat many types of liver cancer. The two most
common types are:
• Hepatocellular Carcinoma, which is a primary liver cancer (meaning it begins in the
liver).
• Colon Cancer that metastasizes or spreads from the colon to the liver.
In general, radiofrequency ablation is most effective treating tumors that are less
than one and a half inches in diameter. It may be used in addition to chemotherapy
or radiation therapy or as an alternative to surgical treatment.

RFA for Liver Cancer
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Radiofrequency ablation is a viable and effective treatment option if
you:
•Are not a good candidate for surgery because your tumor is difficult to reach.
•Have other medical conditions that make surgery especially risky.
•Would not have enough liver tissue left for the organ to function adequately
following the surgical removal of a tumor.
•Have liver tumors that have not responded to chemotherapy or that have
recurred after being removed surgically.
•You have several small liver tumors that are too spread out to be removed
surgically.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) Procedure:
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The procedure is performed with patient under conscious
sedation (a state of consciousness achieved through
medication where the patient can bear unpleasant procedure
while maintaining cardiorespiratory function. It is now called
as procedural sedation) using drugs like midazolam, fentanyl
and meperidine. These drugs are introduced into the body
intravenously. The instruments that are used for this
procedure include image guiding technique like ultrasound,
MRI or CT scan, a radiofrequency generator to produce
radiofrequency waves, straight needles and straight hollow
needles with retractable electrodes, insulating wires and
earthing pads, and an endoscope in case of a laparoscopic
procedure is done. The ablation procedure is performed by a
specifically trained interventional radiologist in an operation
theatre or a radiology room.

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The patient is connected to a monitor where his pulse,
respiratory rate and blood pressure are monitored
continuously throughout the procedure. In case the patient is
sedated under general anesthesia, a tube is inserted down the
wind pipe and connected externally to an artificial breathing
unit (ventilator). The area where the needles are to be
inserted is sterilized and draped. The grounding pads are
attached to the back or thigh of the patient. The needles can
be introduced into the patient’s body surgically,
percutaneously or through endoscope. In the percutaneous
method the surgeon makes small punctures in the skin of the
abdomen through which the needle probes are inserted. The
probe is guided towards the site of tumor using the image
guiding option of US, MRI or CT scan or microscopic camera.
Once the needle is inside the target tissue, radiofrequency
energy is generated by the generator that passes between the
needle probes and grounding pads.

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This creates a large amount of ionic vibration around the
needle which in turn produces a lot of heat. This large amount
of heat destroys the cancer (or diseased cells) cells and closes
the nearby feeding blood vessels, ensuring no nutrition to the
tumor cells. The dead cells shrink away and are replaced by
scar tissue. If the tumor is large or located at multiple places
in the same organ, the needles are removed and replaced into
the various tumor sites for complete destruction of the cancer.
This helps to prevent recurrence to a large extent. After the
procedure the needles are pulled out and pressure is put at
the entry site to prevent any bleeding. The skin is covered
with a simple dressing. No sutures are required.

Outcome
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The outcome of this procedure is very encouraging especially for persons with large
tumor who are not in a position to withstand the stresses of conventional surgery.
Single ablation requires around 10-30 minutes and in case of multiple ablations the
procedure takes 1-3 hours. The patient is kept in the recovery room till the effect of
sedation wears away. He is then permitted to go home. Very few patients
experience any pain at the site of needle entry. This pain goes away in a week’s
time and the person is then able to resume his daily activities.
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Benefits of Radiofrequency ablation (RFA)
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1. Treatment-related serious complications are rare and discomfort, pain and muscle
weakness is minimal. This reduces the hospital stay.
2. Radiofrequency ablation may be used repeatedly to treat recurrent liver tumors.
3. The percutaneous method of radiofrequency ablation, in which electrodes are
inserted through the skin, is minimally invasive, produces few complications, and
does not require hospital admission.
4. RFA is a relatively quick procedure and recovery is rapid so that chemotherapy may
be resumed almost immediately in patients who need it.
5. Radiofrequency ablation is less expensive than other treatment options.
6. It does not require general anesthesia.

Cost Estimate Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA Treatment ) -Modern Technology for
management liver cancer, Kidney and Lung Tumors in India 3000 US Dollars
Note - Cost Estimate above include stay in a Private Room where a Companion can stay with
the patient surgeon fee, medicines and consumables, nursing care, food and Airport Pick &
Drop. More accurate treatment cost estimates can be provided if medical reports are emailed
to us or after the patient is examined by doctors after arrival at hospital in India and medical
tests are done after admission
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Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA Treatment ) -Modern Technology for management liver cancer, Kidney and Lung Tumors

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Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA Treatment ) -Modern Technology for management liver cancer, Kidney and Lung Tumors