The civil rights movement aimed to end segregation and racial discrimination through nonviolent protest. Major events included the 1954 Brown vs. Board of Education Supreme Court ruling declaring segregation unconstitutional, the Montgomery Bus Boycott led by Martin Luther King Jr., and the 1965 Voting Rights Act and Civil Rights Act addressing legal discrimination. However, the movement faced resistance through violent attacks and the emergence of more militant groups like the Black Panthers advocating for black power through any means necessary.

1. Civil Rights Movement
● Benchmark F: 14
● Changes in goals and tactics
● Learning Target:
– Analyze the origins, major developments, controversies
and consequences of the
civil rights movement
– Brown vs. Board of Education
– Changes in goals and tactics of leaders
– Movements to gain justice

2. Segregation
● “The separation of ● The North was even
black and white” segregated and had
● Jim Crow Laws subtle forms of
– Enforced discriminating blacks
segregation in the ● Blacks were
South significantly poorer
– Plessy vs. Ferguson
stated that “separate and uneducated
but equal was than whites
indeed equal and ● Blacks in the South
allowed by law.” were kept from
voting, despite the
15th amendment.

3. Amendments!
●
13th Amendment
th
●
14 Amendment
●
15th Amendment
– How were these violated by segregation and
discrimination at the polls?

4. Brown vs. Board of Education
● Significance: OVERTURNED PLESSY VS.
FERGUSON
– Challenged “separate but equal”
– Supreme Court decided that “separate but
equal” is NOT equal
● Desegregated Schools
● Not an easy process...
– Most southerners and southern schools refused
to enforce integration
– KKK revival and white anger
– Little Rock Nine

5. Fighting for Rights
● Rosa Parks
● Montgomery Bus
Boycott
● Martin Luther King
Jr.-rising as a leader
● Non-violent protest
– What does that
mean?
– What other “leaders”
have used this
method?

6. The “Minister”
● Organized and ● Freedom Riders
assisted many rights – End segregation in
groups public interstate
● Southern Christian travel
– Northern based
Leadership ● March on
Conference
– Nonviolent
Washington
– I have a dream
resistance – Led to passage of
● Student Nonviolent CRA of 1964
Coordinating
Committee
– Sit-ins

7. Violence among Non-violence
● Freedom Summer
– A campaign to
register African
American voters
– White northerners
– Focus on Mississippi
– Protesters faced
violence

8. Freedom March from Selma
● King led a march
from Selma to
Montgomery in order
to register black
voters
● Turned into a protest
when voters were
beaten
● “Bloody Sunday”

9. It's no longer non-violent...
● Black Power
– Argued that blacks
should mobilize to
gain power
– Violence with
violence
● Malcolm X
– Nation of Islam
– Black separatism
– Black Panther Party
● Seale and Newton

10. Other groups want rights too!
● United Farm
Workers
● American Indian
Movement
● National
Organization for
Women

11. Create a New Amendment!
● You have learned all ● What will it do?
types of new ● How will it affect
amendments and Americans?
legislation passed ● Why do you believe
during the Civil we need this
Rights Movement! amendment?
● Now.....it is your turn ● What will be the
to create a piece of long-terms effects?
legislation that will
“change” America
today!