The document is a collection of slides created by Håkan Forss on various topics including agile/scrum, lean, kanban and flow. Some key points discussed are: - King.com is a gaming company with over 200 titles played worldwide and hundreds of millions of average users. - Flow efficiency measures the percentage of value-added time versus total lead time, which is typically only 1-5% in many processes. - Improving flow involves reducing wait times and waste, such as queues, unnecessary processing, defects and long feedback cycles. - Focusing only on local optimizations can undermine the system as a whole; a shared view of end-to-end flow is needed

1. hakan.forss@king.com
@hakanforss
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

2. I’m so efficient
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

3. Good work!
Keep it up.
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

4. Everyone is busy
but we seem to
get nothing done!
How are
we doing?
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

5. Håkan Forss
Agile Coach
@hakanforss

6. We make great games
- More than 200 titles played in over
200 countries around the world
- 348 million average monthly unique
users
- More than 1.4 billion average daily
game plays
- Studios in Barcelona, Berlin,
Bucharest, London, Malmo and
Stockholm, Singapore
As of Q3 2014
About King
© King.com Ltd 2014 – Commercially confidential

7. © King Digital Entertainment plc 2014
Some of our games

8. Agile/Scrum/XP
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

9. Lean, Kanban & Flow
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

10. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

11. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

12. I’m a huge LEGO fan!
DISCLAIMER
LEGO® is a trademark of the LEGO Group,
which does not sponsor, authorize or
endorse this presentation.
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

13. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

14. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

15. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

16. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

17. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

18. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

19. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

20. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

21. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

22. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

23. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

24. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

25. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

26. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

27. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

28. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

29. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

30. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

31. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

32. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

33. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

34. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

35. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

36. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

37. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

38. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

39. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

40. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

41. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

42. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

43. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

44. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

45. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

46. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

47. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

48. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

49. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

50. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

51. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

52. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

53. What is the difference?
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

54. A Question of Focus
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

55. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

56. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

57. Which process is most expensive?
≥
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

58. Niklas Modig
Stockholm School of Economics
@LeanOnMyself
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

59. Strategy to increase utilization
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

60. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

61. Strategy to fulfill needs a.s.a.p.
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

62. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

63. Low utilization
Short lead-times
Low Work-In-Process
Small batches
Focus on customer value
Little waiting for flow unit
Fast to respond to change
High utilization
Long lead-times
High Work-In-Process
Large batches
Focus on unit cost
Lots of waiting for flow unit
Slow to respond to change
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

64. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

65. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

66. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

67. We need to
Shift our focus
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

68. BUSY WORKERS
High Resource Efficiency
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

69. BUSY FLOW UNITS
High Flow Efficiency
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

70. Flow efficiency
Touch time
Total lead-time
Flow efficiency =
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

71. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand Support team responds
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

72. Flow efficiency
Green + Yellow
Green + Yellow + Red
Flow efficiency =
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

73. Flow efficiency in numbers
Usually 1-5% value added of
total lead-time
20% value added is a high
number
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

74. How many
and
bricks do you have?
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

75. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

76. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

77. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

78. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

79. Use historical data
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

80. Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

81. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

82. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

83. How to improve
Flow Efficiency?
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

84. Start with the bricks
Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand

85. Non value adding
bricks: Wait time
Waiting in a queue
Waiting for a decision
Waiting on dependency
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

86. Then take on the bricks
Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

87. Non value adding
bricks: Required waste
Over processing
Backlog maintenance
Reporting and status meetings
Rework due to
Defects
Handovers
Long feedback cycles (long lead-times)
Lack of understanding the requirements
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

88. Yes!! But how?
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

89. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

90. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

91. That which optimizes
one part of the system
necessarily undermines
the system as a whole.
Eric Ries
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

92. We need to
Shift our focus
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

93. From local awareness…
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

94. ..to global awareness
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

95. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

96. …to a shared and visual
understanding of End-To-End flow
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

97. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

98. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

99. We need to
Shift our focus
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

100. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

101. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

102. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

103. Blockers and Impediments
are like Gold and Gems
for improving flow
in your process
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

104. We are
too busy
No
thanks!
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

105. Lower planned utilization
Time
Capability
100%
Inspired by Mårten Pehrson
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

106. Acts as an insurance policy for
Lead-time Insurance
Time
Capability
100%
Utilization
planed at 70%
shorter lead-time
Inspired by Mårten Pehrson
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

107. Creates option to do the important
things when you need it
Options
Time
Capability
100%
Utilization
planed at 70%
Inspired by Mårten Pehrson
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

108. Absorbs unwanted variation
Time
Capability
100%
Utilization
planed at 70%
Inspired by Mårten Pehrson
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

109. Creates the time for increasing capability
Time
Capability
100%
Utilization
planed at 70%
Inspired by Mårten Pehrson
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

110. Plan for less than 100% utilization
Time
Capability
100%
Utilization
planed at 70%
Inspired by Mårten Pehrson
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

111. Improvements are experiments
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

112. Puff
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

113. Oh, I did NOT
expect that!
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

114. The sound of learning
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

115. Hypothesis
Prediction
Experiment
Observation
Learning
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

116. Prediction
Observation
Observation
Hypothesis
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

117. Expect at least 50% of the
experiments will not give the
expected result
This is when we REALLY learn!
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

118. Actively encourage an
experimentation culture
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

119. A/B test your
Way of Working
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

120. Build daily habits so you can keep it up
If you don’t keep it up, the weeds will grow back
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

121. Make improvements
in small batches, Every Day!
Daily work
Delivering value
Improving
the work
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

122. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

123. I’m so efficient
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

124. See the bigger system
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

125. Don’t be too busy to improve?
We are
too busy
No
thanks!
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

126. Improve through Experimentation
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

127. “A bad system will beat a
good person every time.”
W. Edwards Deming
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

128. Q & A
Håkan Forss
Mail: hakan.forss@king.com
Twitter: @hakanforss
Blog: http://hakanforss.wordpress.com
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

129. We are
too busy
No
thanks!
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

130. Don’t Be(e) a busy worker!
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

131. I’m so
efficient
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

132. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

133. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

134. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

135. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

136. Great work
Maria!
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com
Just a few
more shots

137. Set WIP Limits on every
process stage!
Backpressure
Stage 2
Demand Stage 1 Stage 3
WIP Limit WIP Limit
WIP Limit
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

138. Why Work-In-Process and
not Work-in-Progress?
Non value adding: Wait time
Non value adding: Required waste
Value adding: Actual demand
You tell me!
Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com

139. Created by Håkan Forss @hakanforss http://hakanforss.wordpress.com